View source for Provinces of the Philippines

{{Short description|Administrative division of the Philippines}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Use Philippine English|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox subdivision type
| name             = Provinces of the Philippines
| alt_name         = 
| map              = Ph administrative map blank 2.svg
| category         = [[Province]]
| territory        = [[Philippines]]
| upper_unit       = [[Regions of the Philippines|Administrative]] and [[Autonomous regions of the Philippines|autonomous regions]]
| start_date       = 
| current_number   = 82
| number_date      = 2022
| population_range = 17,246 ([[Batanes]])– 4,344,829 ([[Cavite]]){{efn|If the figures from the independent cities of [[Cebu City|Cebu]], [[Lapu-Lapu City|Lapu-Lapu]], and [[Mandaue]] are included, the province of [[Cebu]] is considered as the most populous in the country, with a total population of 5,151,274; without them, its population is 3,325,385.}}
| area_range       = {{convert|219.01|-|17,030.75|sqkm|sqmi|abbr=on}}
| government       = [[#Government|Provincial government]]
| subdivision      = [[Municipalities of the Philippines|Municipalities]] and [[Cities of the Philippines|component cities]]
}}
{{Politics of the Philippines}}

In the [[Philippines]], '''provinces''' ({{langx|fil|lalawigan}} or {{lang|fil|probinsiya}}) are one of its primary political and [[administrative divisions of the Philippines|administrative divisions]]. There are 82 provinces at present, which are further subdivided into [[Cities of the Philippines|component cities]] and [[Municipalities of the Philippines|municipalities]]. The [[local government unit]]s in the [[Metro Manila|National Capital Region]], as well as [[Cities of the Philippines#Independent cities|independent cities]], are independent of any provincial government. Each province is governed by an elected [[legislature]] called the [[Sangguniang Panlalawigan]] and an elected [[governor]].

The provinces are grouped into [[Regions of the Philippines|eighteen regions]] based on geographical, cultural, and ethnological characteristics. Thirteen of these regions are numerically designated from north to south, while the National Capital Region, the [[Cordillera Administrative Region]], the [[Southwestern Tagalog Region]] (Mimaropa), the [[Negros Island Region]], and the [[Bangsamoro|Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao]] are only designated by acronyms.

Each province is a member of the [[League of Provinces of the Philippines]], an organization that aims to address issues affecting provincial and metropolitan government administrations.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=About the League of Provinces |url=http://www.lpp.gov.ph/facts/index.html |url-status=dead |website=League of Provinces of the Philippines |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305100634/http://www.lpp.gov.ph/facts/index.html |archive-date=March 5, 2009 |access-date=January 12, 2008}}</ref>
{{TOC limit|2}}

== Government ==
A provincial government is autonomous of other provinces within the republic. Each province is governed by two main elected branches of the government: executive and legislative. Judicial affairs are separated from provincial governance and are administered by the [[Supreme Court of the Philippines]]. Each province has at least one branch of a [[Regional Trial Court]].

=== Executive ===
{{main|List of current Philippine provincial governors}}
The provincial governor is chief executive and head of each province. Provincial governors are elected to a term of three years and limited to three consecutive terms and appoint the directors of each provincial department which include the office of administration, engineering office, information office, legal office, and treasury office.

=== Legislative ===
{{main|Sangguniang Panlalawigan}}
The vice governor acts as the president for each ''[[Sangguniang Panlalawigan]]'' ('''SP'''; "Provincial Board"), the province's legislative body. Every SP is composed of regularly elected members from provincial districts, as well as ''ex officio'' members. The number of regularly elected SP members allotted to each province is determined by its income class. First- and second-class provinces are provided ten regular SP members; third- and fourth-class provinces have eight, while fifth- and sixth-class provinces have six. Exceptions are provinces with more than five congressional districts, such as [[Cavite]] with 16 regularly elected SP members, and [[Cebu]], [[Negros Occidental]] and [[Pangasinan]] which have twelve each.

Every SP has designated seats for ''ex officio'' members, given to the respective local presidents of the Association of [[Barangay]] Captains (ABC), Philippine Councilors' League (PCL), and ''[[Sangguniang Kabataan]]'' ('''SK'''; "Youth Council").

The vice governor and regular members of an SP are elected by the voters within the province. ''[[Ex officio]]'' members are elected by members of their respective organizations.

=== Relation to other levels of government ===
==== National government ====
National intrusion into the affairs of each provincial government is limited by the Philippine Constitution.  The [[President of the Philippines]] however coordinates with provincial administrators through the [[Department of the Interior and Local Government]].  For purposes of national representation, each province is guaranteed its own [[House of Representatives of the Philippines|congressional district]].  One congressional representative represents each district in the [[House of Representatives of the Philippines|House of Representatives]]. [[Senate of the Philippines|Senatorial]] representation is elected at an at-large basis and not apportioned through territory-based districts.

==== Cities and municipalities ====
{{main|Cities of the Philippines|Municipalities of the Philippines}}
Those classified as either "highly urbanized" or "independent component" cities are [[Cities of the Philippines#Independent cities|independent]] from the province, as provided for in Section 29 of the Local Government Code of 1991.<ref name="LGC">{{Cite web |title=R.A. 7160 |url=https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1991/ra_7160_1991.html |url-status=dead |website=lawphil.net |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503071511/http://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1991/ra_7160_1991.html |archivedate=May 3, 2016}}</ref> Although such a city is a self-governing second-level entity, in many cases it is often presented as part of the province in which it is geographically located, or in the case of [[Zamboanga City]], the [[Zamboanga del Sur|province it last formed part the congressional representation of]].

Local government units classified as "component" cities and municipalities are under the jurisdiction of the provincial government. In order to make sure that all component city or municipal governments act within the scope of their prescribed powers and functions, the Local Government Code mandates the provincial governor to review executive orders issued by mayors, and the [[Sangguniang Panlalawigan]] to review legislation by the [[Sangguniang Panlungsod]] (City Council) or [[Sangguniang Bayan]] (Municipal Council), of all component cities and municipalities under the province's jurisdiction.<ref name="LGC" />

=== Barangays ===
The provincial government does not have direct relations with individual barangays. Supervision over a barangay government is the mandate of the mayor and the Sanggunian of the component city or municipality of which the barangay in question is a part.<ref name="LGC" />

=== Classification {{anchor|Income classification}} ===
[[File:Philippine provinces by income classification.svg|thumb|170px|Provinces based on income classification.]]
Provinces are classified according to average annual income based on the previous 4 calendar years. Effective July 29, 2008, the thresholds for the income classes for cities are:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Department Order No. 23-08 Prescribing the New Income Brackets for the Re-classification of Provinces, Cities and Municipalities and Amending for the Purpose Department of Finance Order No. 20-05, dated July 29, 2005. |date=July 29, 2008 |first=Margarito B. |last=Teves |url=http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/articles/DepOrderReclass.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083823/http://nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/articles/DepOrderReclass.pdf |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=September 29, 2014}}</ref>{{update inline|date=March 2018}}

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" 
|-
! scope="col" | Class
! scope="col" | Average annual income
|-
! scope="row" | First
| [[Philippine peso|₱]]450&nbsp;million or more
|-
! scope="row" | Second
| ₱360&nbsp;million or more but less than ₱450&nbsp;million
|-
! scope="row" | Third
| ₱270&nbsp;million or more but less than ₱360&nbsp;million
|-
! scope="row" | Fourth
| ₱180&nbsp;million or more but less than ₱270&nbsp;million
|-
! scope="row" | Fifth
| ₱90&nbsp;million or more but less than ₱180&nbsp;million
|-
! scope="row" | Sixth
| below ₱90&nbsp;million
|}
A province's income class determines the size of the membership of its [[Sangguniang Panlalawigan]], and also how much it can spend on certain items, or procure through certain means.<ref name="LGC" />

== List ==
{{for|a list of provinces with [[Cities of the Philippines#Independent cities|independent cities]] presented separately|List of primary local government units of the Philippines}}

{{anchor|List of provinces}}
{{toptextcells}}
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders toptextcells" style="table-layout:fixed;text-align:center;font-size:90%;line-height:1.50em;width=100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | [[ISO 3166-2:PH|ISO]]<ref name="ISO3166-2">{{Cite web |date=June 30, 2010 |title=ISO 3166-2 Newsletter: Changes in the list of subdivision names and code elements |url=http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_3166-2_newsletter_ii-2_2010-06-30.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110809012024/http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_3166-2_newsletter_ii-2_2010-06-30.pdf |archive-date=August 9, 2011 |access-date=January 19, 2015 |website=ISO ([[International Organization for Standardization]]) |pages=56–58}}</ref>
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;width:13em;" class="unsortable" | Province
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | Capital
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan="2" | {{abbr|Population|Population. Figures include cities independent from provinces.}}<ref name="NSO15">{{Cite web |date=May 19, 2016 |title=2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020 CPH) Population Counts Declared Official by the President |url=https://psa.gov.ph/content/2020-census-population-and-housing-2020-cph-population-counts-declared-official-president |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707104119/https://psa.gov.ph/content/2020-census-population-and-housing-2020-cph-population-counts-declared-official-president |archive-date=July 7, 2021 |access-date=July 18, 2022 |website=2020 Census of Population |publisher=Philippine Statistics Authority}}</ref>
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Area|Land area. Figures include cities independent from provinces.}}<ref name="nscb">{{Cite web |title=List of Provinces |url=http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listprov.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419000512/http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listprov.asp |archive-date=April 19, 2016 |access-date=May 14, 2014 |website=PSGC Interactive |publisher=National Statistical Coordination Board |location=Makati, Philippines}}</ref>
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Density|Population density. Figures include cities independent from provinces.}}
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | Founded{{efn-ua|group=table|Dates could refer to provincehood as established during the [[History of the Philippines (1565–1898)|Spanish]] and [[History of the Philippines (1898–1946)|American colonial periods]], or through Republic Acts.}}
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | {{nowrap|[[Island groups of the Philippines|Island group]]}}
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | [[Regions of the Philippines|Region]]
! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan=3 | Total [[Local government in the Philippines|LGU]]s
|-style="border-bottom:double gray;"
! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" |
! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" |
! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" |
! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;" class="unsortable" | {{abbr|%|National population share as of 2020}}
! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;" | {{small|(2020)}}
! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" |
! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" |
! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" |
! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" |
! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" |
! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;" data-sort-type="number" | {{small|{{abbr|Mun.|Total number of municipalities. Also known as towns.}}}}
! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid hidden;" data-sort-type="number" | {{small|City}}
! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;" data-sort-type="number" | {{small|{{abbr|Brgy.|Total number of barangays. Figures include cities independent from provinces.}}}}
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ABR
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Abra (province)|Abra]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Bangued]]
| {{percent and number|250985|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4165.25|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|250985|4165.25|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1846|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06.1" | [[Cordillera Administrative Region|CAR]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 27
| —
| [[List of barangays in Abra|303]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-AGN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Agusan del Norte]]{{efn-lr|group=note|Figures include the independent city of [[Butuan]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Cabadbaran]]{{efn-lr|group=note|Cabadbaran has been made the official capital of the province, as per Republic Act No. 8811. However, the seat of the provincial government is still in the process of being transferred from [[Butuan]], where the provincial government still holds office.}}<ref name="RA8811">{{cite act| type = Republic Act| number = 8811| date = August 16, 2000| url = http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/ra_11/RA08811.pdf| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213103/http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/ra_11/RA08811.pdf| archive-date = March 3, 2016}}</ref>
| {{percent and number|760413|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3546.86|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|760413|3546.86|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1907|9|20|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14" | [[Caraga|XIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 10
| 2
| 253
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-AGS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Agusan del Sur]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Prosperidad]]
| {{percent and number|739367|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|9989.52|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|739367|9989.52|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1970|1|1|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="Oocities-AgusandelSur">{{Cite web |title=Agusan del Sur... |url=http://www.oocities.org/athens/cyprus/8446/adsmuni.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160301091255/http://www.oocities.org/athens/cyprus/8446/adsmuni.html |archive-date=March 1, 2016 |access-date=February 22, 2016 |website=OoCities.org.}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14" | [[Caraga|XIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 13
| 1
| 314
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-AKL
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Aklan]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kalibo]]
| {{percent and number|615475|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1821.42|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|615475|1821.42|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1956|4|25|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="PD290">{{Cite web |title=Proclamation No. 290, s. 1956 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1956/04/28/proclamation-no-290-s-1956/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331184322/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1956/04/28/proclamation-no-290-s-1956/ |archive-date=March 31, 2023 |access-date=February 22, 2016 |website=GOVPH}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="07" | [[Western Visayas|VI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 17
| —
| 327
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ALB
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Albay]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Legazpi, Albay|Legazpi]]
| {{percent and number|1374768|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2575.77|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1374768|2575.77|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1574|4|3|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="BalitaPH-Albay">{{Cite web |title=Albay celebrates 439th Foundation Day |url=http://balita.ph/2013/04/04/albay-celebrates-439th-foundation-day/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222125337/http://balita.ph/2013/04/04/albay-celebrates-439th-foundation-day/ |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=October 14, 2015 |publisher=balita-dot-ph}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06" | [[Bicol Region|V]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 15
| 3
| 720
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ANT
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Antique (province)|Antique]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[San Jose de Buenavista]]
| {{percent and number|612974|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2729.17|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|612974|2729.17|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1917|3|10|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="07" | [[Western Visayas|VI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 18
| —
| 590
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-APA
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Apayao]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kabugao]]{{efn-lr|group=note|The province maintains another government center in [[Luna, Apayao|Luna]], where many national and provincial agencies now hold office.<ref name="PIAGovPH-Apayao">{{Cite web |title=Apayao gov't center established in Luna |url=http://www.pia.gov.ph/default.asp?m=12&sec=reader&rp=9&fi=p080822.htm&no=80&date=08/22/2008 |website=Philippine Information Agency}}{{dead link|date=April 2016}}</ref>}}
| {{percent and number|124366|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4413.35|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|124366|4413.35|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1995|2|14|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06.1" | [[Cordillera Administrative Region|CAR]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 7
| —
| [[List of barangays in Apayao|133]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-AUR
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Aurora (province)|Aurora]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Baler, Aurora|Baler]]
| {{percent and number|235750|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3147.32|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|235750|3147.32|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1979|8|13|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="03" | [[Central Luzon|III]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 8
| —
| [[List of barangays in Aurora|151]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-BAS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Basilan]]{{efn-lr|group=note|Figures include the city of [[Isabela, Basilan|Isabela]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Lamitan]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Basilan starts construction of new provincial gov't center |url=http://www.philstar.com:8080/nation/2016/07/09/1601139/basilan-starts-construction-new-provincial-govt-center |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811110041/http://www.philstar.com:8080/nation/2016/07/09/1601139/basilan-starts-construction-new-provincial-govt-center |archive-date=August 11, 2017 |access-date=May 14, 2017}}</ref>
| {{percent and number|556586|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1327.23|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}<ref name="BasilanGovPH-LandArea">Bangsamoro Development Plan: {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304141740/http://bangsamorodevelopment.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/CHAPTER-10_BDP-Integrative-Report.pdf Environment and Natural Resources]}}</ref>
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|556586|1327.23|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1973|12|27|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14.1" | [[Bangsamoro|BARMM]]{{efn-lr|group=note|The city of [[Isabela, Basilan|Isabela]] is regionally served by the offices of [[Zamboanga Peninsula|Region IX]].}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 11
| 2
| 255
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-BAN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Bataan]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Balanga, Bataan|Balanga]]
| {{percent and number|853373|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1373.98|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|853373|1372.98|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|January 11, 1754|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="03" | [[Central Luzon|III]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 11
| 1
| 237
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-BTN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Batanes]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Basco, Batanes|Basco]]
| {{percent and number|18831|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|219.01|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|18831|219.01|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1783|6|26|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="NCCAGovPH-Batanes">{{Cite web |title=The Batanes Islands |url=http://ncca.gov.ph/subcommissions/subcommission-on-cultural-communities-and-traditional-arts-sccta/northern-cultural-communities/the-batanes-islands/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000337/http://ncca.gov.ph/subcommissions/subcommission-on-cultural-communities-and-traditional-arts-sccta/northern-cultural-communities/the-batanes-islands/ |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=October 14, 2015 |publisher=National Commission on Culture and the Arts}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="02" | [[Cagayan Valley|II]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 6
| —
| [[List of barangays in Batanes|29]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-BTG
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Batangas]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Batangas City]]
| {{percent and number|2908494|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3119.72|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|2908494|3119.72|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1581|12|8|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="04" | [[Calabarzon|IV-A]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 29
| 5
| 1,078
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-BEN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Benguet]]{{efn-lr|group=note|Figures include the independent city of [[Baguio]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[La Trinidad, Benguet|La Trinidad]]
| {{percent and number|827041|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2826.59|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|827041|2826.59|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1536|6|1|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06.1" | [[Cordillera Administrative Region|CAR]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 13
| 1
| [[List of barangays in Benguet|269]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-BIL
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Biliran]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Naval, Biliran|Naval]]
| {{percent and number|179312|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|536.01|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|179312|536.01|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1992|5|11|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="09" | [[Eastern Visayas|VIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 8
| —
| 132
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-BOH
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Bohol]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tagbilaran]]
| {{percent and number|1394329|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4820.95|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1394329|4820.95|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1854|07|22|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="BoholStandard">{{Cite web |title=No work on Monday, July 23, in observance of Bohol Day |url=http://www.theboholstandard.com/fpage.php?issue=272&s1=4651&s2=4653 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222111109/http://www.theboholstandard.com/fpage.php?issue=272&s1=4651&s2=4653 |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=December 18, 2015 |publisher=The Bohol Standard}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="08" | [[Central Visayas|VII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 47
| 1
| 1,109
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-BUK
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Bukidnon]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Malaybalay]]
| {{percent and number|1541308|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|10498.59|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1541308|10498.59|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1917|3|10|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="11" | [[Northern Mindanao|X]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 20
| 2
| 464
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-BUL
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Bulacan]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Malolos]]
| {{percent and number|3708890|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2796.10|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|3708890|2796.1|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1578|8|15|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="03" | [[Central Luzon|III]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 21
| 3
| 569
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-CAG
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Cagayan]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tuguegarao]]
| {{percent and number|1268603|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|9295.75|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1268603|9295.75|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1583|06|29|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="CagayanGovPH">{{Cite web |title=Festivals |url=http://www.cagayan.gov.ph/index.php/tourism/festivals |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131083736/http://www.cagayan.gov.ph/index.php/tourism/festivals |archive-date=January 31, 2016 |access-date=December 18, 2015 |publisher=Official Website of the Provincial Government of Cagayan}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="02" | [[Cagayan Valley|II]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 28
| 1
| [[List of barangays in Cagayan|820]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-CAN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Camarines Norte]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Daet]]
| {{percent and number|629699|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2320.07|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|629699|2320.07|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1920|4|15|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="Inquirer-CamNorte">{{Cite news |title=Camarines Norte holds Bantayog fest |url=http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/98993/camarines-norte-holds-bantayog-fest |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302062608/http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/98993/camarines-norte-holds-bantayog-fest |archive-date=March 2, 2016 |access-date=December 31, 2015 |work=Philippine Daily Inquirer |language=fil}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06" | [[Bicol Region|V]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 12
| —
| 282
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-CAS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Camarines Sur]]{{efn-lr|group=note|Figures include the independent city of [[Naga, Camarines Sur|Naga]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Pili, Camarines Sur|Pili]]
| {{percent and number|2068244|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5497.03|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|2068244|5497.03|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1579|5|27|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="PIAGovPH-CamSur">{{Cite web |last=Abad |first=Danilo |title=Kaogma 2015 isasagawa sa Camarines Sur |url=http://news.pia.gov.ph/article/view/851431675631/kaogma-2015-isasagawa-sa-camarines-sur |access-date=December 31, 2015 |website=Philippine Information Agency}}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06" | [[Bicol Region|V]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 35
| 2
| 1,063
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-CAM
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Camiguin]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Mambajao]]
| {{percent and number|92808|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|237.95|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|92808|237.95|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1966|6|18|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="11" | [[Northern Mindanao|X]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 5
| —
| 58
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-CAP
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Capiz]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Roxas City]]
| {{percent and number|804952|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2594.64|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|804952|2594.64|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1917|3|10|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="07" | [[Western Visayas|VI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 16
| 1
| 473
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-CAT
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Catanduanes]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Virac, Catanduanes|Virac]]
| {{percent and number|271879|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1492.16|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|271879|1492.16|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1945|9|26|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06" | [[Bicol Region|V]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 11
| —
| 315
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-CAV
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Cavite]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Imus]]<ref name="CaviteGovPH">The provincial government of Cavite makes it clear that [[Imus]] is the provincial capital, while the seat of the provincial government is [[Trece Martires]]. [http://cavite.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=269&Itemid=175 Official Website of the Province of Cavite – Quick Facts] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007101545/http://cavite.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=269&Itemid=175 |date=October 7, 2011 }} [http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/206024/imus-capital-cavite-maliksi Imus is capital of Cavite — Maliksi] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120904055312/http://www.mb.com.ph/articles/206024/imus-capital-cavite-maliksi |date=September 4, 2012 }}</ref>
| {{percent and number|4344829|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1574.17|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|4344829|1574.17|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1614|3|10|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="census">Census of the Philippine Islands (1920). [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_BZ8wAQAAIAAJ/page/n153 "Census of the Philippine Islands Vol. I, 1918"], pg. 132. Bureau of Printing, Manila.</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="04" | [[Calabarzon|IV-A]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 15
| 8
| 803
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-CEB
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Cebu]]{{efn-lr|group=note|Figures include the independent cities of [[Cebu City|Cebu]], [[Lapu-Lapu City|Lapu-Lapu]], and [[Mandaue]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Cebu City]]<ref name="huc">Because the provincial government holds office within an [[Cities of the Philippines#Independent cities|independent city]], in effect the province maintains the seat of its government outside its jurisdiction.</ref>
| {{percent and number|5151274|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5342.00|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|5151274|5342|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1565|4|27|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="08" | [[Central Visayas|VII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 44
| 9
| 1,203
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-NCO
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Cotabato]]{{efn-lr|group=note|Figures include the municipalities in the [[Special Geographic Area]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kidapawan]]
| {{percent and number|1275185|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|9008.90|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1275185|9008.9|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1914|9|1|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="PhilStar-Cotabato">{{Cite news |last=Unson |first=John |title=North Cotabato set for Kalivungan fest, 101st anniversary |url=http://www.philstar.com/nation/2015/08/31/1494386/north-cotabato-set-kalivungan-fest-101st-anniversary |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151130211208/http://www.philstar.com/nation/2015/08/31/1494386/north-cotabato-set-kalivungan-fest-101st-anniversary |archive-date=November 30, 2015 |access-date=October 14, 2015 |work=[[The Philippine Star]]}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="13" | [[Soccsksargen|XII]]{{efn-lr|group=note|Except the municipalities in the [[Special Geographic Area]], which is part of [[Bangsamoro]].}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 17
| 1
| 543
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | {{nowrap|PH-COM}}
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Davao de Oro]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Nabunturan]]
| {{percent and number|767547|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4479.77|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|767547|4479.77|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1998|1|31|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="12" | [[Davao Region|XI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 11
| —
| 237
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-DAV
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Davao del Norte]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tagum]]
| {{percent and number|1125057|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3426.97|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1125057|3426.97|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1967|5|8|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="12" | [[Davao Region|XI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 8
| 3
| 223
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-DAS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Davao del Sur]]{{efn-lr|group=note|Figures include the independent city of [[Davao City|Davao]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Digos]]
| {{percent and number|2457430|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4607.59|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|2457430|4607.59|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1904|9|1|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="12" | [[Davao Region|XI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 9
| 2
| 414
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-DVO
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Davao Occidental]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Malita]]
| {{percent and number|317159|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2163.45|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|317159|2163.45|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|2013|10|28|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="12" | [[Davao Region|XI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 5
| —
| 105
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-DAO
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Davao Oriental]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Mati, Davao Oriental|Mati]]
| {{percent and number|576343|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5679.64|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|576343|5679.64|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1967|5|8|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="12" | [[Davao Region|XI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 10
| 1
| 183
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-DIN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Dinagat Islands]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[San Jose, Dinagat Islands|San Jose]]
| {{percent and number|128117|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1036.34|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|128117|1036.34|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|2006|12|2|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14" | [[Caraga|XIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 7
| —
| 100
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-EAS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Eastern Samar]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Borongan]]
| {{percent and number|477168|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4660.47|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|477168|4660.47|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1965|6|19|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="09" | [[Eastern Visayas|VIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 22
| 1
| 597
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-GUI
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Guimaras]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Jordan, Guimaras|Jordan]]
| {{percent and number|187842|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|604.57|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|187842|604.57|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1992|5|22|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="07" | [[Western Visayas|VI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 5
| —
| 98
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-IFU
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Ifugao]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Lagawe]]
| {{percent and number|207498|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2628.21|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|207498|2628.21|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1966|6|18|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06.1" | [[Cordillera Administrative Region|CAR]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 11
| —
| [[List of barangays in Ifugao|176]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ILN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Ilocos Norte]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Laoag]]
| {{percent and number|609588|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3467.89|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|609588|3467.89|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1792|2|2|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="01" | [[Ilocos Region|I]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 21
| 2
| [[List of barangays in Ilocos Norte|559]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ILS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Ilocos Sur]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Vigan]]
| {{percent and number|706009|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2596.00|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|706009|2596|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1572|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="01" | [[Ilocos Region|I]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 32
| 2
| [[List of barangays in Ilocos Sur|768]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ILI
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Iloilo]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Iloilo City|Iloilo]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Iloilo City]]<ref name="huc" />
| {{percent and number|2509525|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5079.17|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|2509525|5079.17|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1566|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="07" | [[Western Visayas|VI]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 42
| 2
| 1,901
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ISA
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Isabela (province)|Isabela]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Santiago, Isabela|Santiago]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Ilagan]]
| {{percent and number|1697050|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|12414.93|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1697050|12414.93|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1856|5|1|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="02" | [[Cagayan Valley|II]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 34
| 3
| [[List of barangays in Isabela|1,055]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-KAL
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Kalinga (province)|Kalinga]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tabuk, Kalinga|Tabuk]]
| {{percent and number|229570|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3231.25|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|229570|3231.25|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1966|6|18|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06.1" | [[Cordillera Administrative Region|CAR]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 7
| 1
| [[List of barangays in Kalinga|153]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-LUN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[La Union]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[San Fernando, La Union|San Fernando]]
| {{percent and number|822352|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1497.70|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|822352|1497.70|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1850|3|2|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="01" | [[Ilocos Region|I]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 19
| 1
| [[List of barangays in La Union|576]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-LAG
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Laguna (province)|Laguna]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Santa Cruz, Laguna|Santa Cruz]]
| {{percent and number|3382193|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1917.85|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|3382193|1917.85|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1571|7|28|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="04" | [[Calabarzon|IV-A]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 24
| 6
| 674
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-LAN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Lanao del Norte]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Iligan]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tubod, Lanao del Norte|Tubod]]
| {{percent and number|1086017|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4159.94|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1086017|4159.94|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1959|7|4|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="11" | [[Northern Mindanao|X]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 22
| 1
| 506
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-LAS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Lanao del Sur]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Marawi]]
| {{percent and number|1195518|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3872.89|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}<ref name="ARMMDAGovPH-LanaodelSur">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Department of Agriculture: [http://armm.da.gov.ph/dafbeta/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=64&Itemid=59 Lanao del Sur] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119204151/http://armm.da.gov.ph/dafbeta/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=64&Itemid=59 |date=January 19, 2015 }} (The value given at NSCB is unreasonable and must be assumed as erroneous, see [[Talk:Lanao del Sur#Area]].)</ref>
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1195518|3872.89|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1914|9|1|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14.1" | [[Bangsamoro|BARMM]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 39
| 1
| 1,159
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-LEY
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Leyte (province)|Leyte]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent cities of [[Ormoc]] and [[Tacloban]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tacloban]]<ref name="huc" />
| {{percent and number|2028728|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|6515.05|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|2028728|6515.05|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1712|4|5|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="09" | [[Eastern Visayas|VIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 40
| 3
| 1,641
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-MDN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Maguindanao del Norte]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Cotabato City|Cotabato]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Datu Odin Sinsuat]]
| {{percent and number|926037|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4752.47|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|926037|3988.82|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|2022|09|17|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14.1" | [[Bangsamoro|BARMM]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 12
| 1
| 189
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-MDS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Maguindanao del Sur]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Buluan]]
| {{percent and number|741221|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4973.48|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|741221|4973.48|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1802|11|4|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14.1" | [[Bangsamoro|BARMM]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 24
| —
| 167
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-MAD
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Marinduque]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Boac, Marinduque|Boac]]
| {{percent and number|239207|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|952.58|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|239207|952.58|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1920|2|21|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="05" | [[Mimaropa]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 6
| —
| 218
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-MAS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Masbate]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Masbate City]]
| {{percent and number|908920|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4151.78|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|908920|4151.78|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1901|3|18|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="PCOOGovPH-Masbate">{{Cite web |title=President Aquino declares March 18 as special non-working day in Masbate in commemoration of 112th Foundation Day |url=http://www.pcoo.gov.ph/archives2013/mar08.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130806185717/http://pcoo.gov.ph/archives2013/mar08.htm |archive-date=August 6, 2013 |access-date=January 1, 2016 |publisher=Presidential Communications Operations Office}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06" | [[Bicol Region|V]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 20
| 1
| 550
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-MSC
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Misamis Occidental]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Oroquieta]]
| {{percent and number|617333|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2055.22|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|617333|2055.22|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1929|11|8|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="11" | [[Northern Mindanao|X]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 14
| 3
| 490
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-MSR
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Misamis Oriental]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Cagayan de Oro]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Cagayan de Oro]]<ref name="huc" />
| {{percent and number|1685302|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3544.32|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1685302|3544.32|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1901|5|15|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="11" | [[Northern Mindanao|X]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 23
| 3
| 504
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-MOU
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Mountain Province]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Bontoc, Mountain Province|Bontoc]]
| {{percent and number|158200|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2157.38|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|158200|2157.38|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1846|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06.1" | [[Cordillera Administrative Region|CAR]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 10
| —
| [[List of barangays in Mountain Province|144]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-NEC
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Negros Occidental]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Bacolod]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Bacolod]]<ref name="huc" />
| {{percent and number|3223955|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|7965.21|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|3223955|7965.21|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1416|7|15|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="History of Negros Occidental">{{Cite web |title=History of Negros Occidental |url=http://www.negros-occ.gov.ph/about-negros-occidental/history-of-negros-occidental |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020110452/http://www.negros-occ.gov.ph/about-negros-occidental/history-of-negros-occidental |archive-date=October 20, 2018 |access-date=January 18, 2019 |publisher=Official Website of the Provincial Government of Negros Occidental}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="07" | [[Negros Island Region|NIR]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 19
| 13
| 662
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-NER
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Negros Oriental]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Dumaguete]]
| {{percent and number|1432990|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5385.53|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1432990|5385.53|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1890|1|1|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="History of Negros Oriental">{{Cite web |title=History of Negros Oriental |url=http://www.negor.gov.ph/index.php/history |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215200106/http://www.negor.gov.ph/index.php/history |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |publisher=Official Website of the Provincial Government of Negros Oriental}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="07" | [[Negros Island Region|NIR]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 20
| 6
| 557
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-NSA
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Northern Samar]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Catarman, Northern Samar|Catarman]]
| {{percent and number|639186|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3692.93|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|639186|3692.93|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1965|6|19|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="09" | [[Eastern Visayas|VIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 24
| —
| 569
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-NUE
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Nueva Ecija]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Palayan]]{{efn-lr|The provincial government still uses and maintains facilities in the former capital, [[Cabanatuan]].}}
| {{percent and number|2310134|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5751.33|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|2310134|5751.33|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1801|4|25|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref>{{Cite news |title=N. Ecija founding date April 25, not Sept. 2 |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/781442/n-ecija-founding-date-april-25-not-sept-2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160530044651/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/781442/n-ecija-founding-date-april-25-not-sept-2 |archive-date=May 30, 2016 |access-date=June 17, 2016 |work=Philippine Daily Inquirer}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="03" | [[Central Luzon|III]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 27
| 5
| 849
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-NUV
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Nueva Vizcaya]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Bayombong]]
| {{percent and number|497432|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3975.67|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|497432|3975.67|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1839|5|24|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="Inquirer-NuevaVizcaya">{{Cite web |last=Babiera |first=Lester G. |date=July 14, 2014 |title=Nueva Vizcaya mounts Ammungan fest, celebrates diversity |url=http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/165843/nueva-vizcaya-mounts-ammungan-fest-celebrates-diversity |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165517/http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/165843/nueva-vizcaya-mounts-ammungan-fest-celebrates-diversity |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=October 7, 2015 |newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="02" | [[Cagayan Valley|II]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 15
| —
| [[List of barangays in Nueva Vizcaya|275]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-MDC
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Occidental Mindoro]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Mamburao]]
| {{percent and number|525354|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5865.71|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|525354|5865.71|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1950|11|15|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="GovPH-OccMindoro">{{Cite web |title=Speech of President Aquino during his visit to Occidental Mindoro, November 15, 2012 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2012/11/15/speech-of-president-aquino-during-his-visit-to-occidental-mindoro-november-15-2012/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323234723/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2012/11/15/speech-of-president-aquino-during-his-visit-to-occidental-mindoro-november-15-2012/ |archive-date=March 23, 2023 |access-date=March 3, 2016 |website=GOVPH}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="05" | [[Mimaropa]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 11
| —
| 162
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-MDR
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Oriental Mindoro]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Calapan]]
| {{percent and number|908339|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4238.38|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|908339|4238.38|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1663|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="05" | [[Mimaropa]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 14
| 1
| 426
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-PLW
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Palawan]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Puerto Princesa]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Puerto Princesa]]<ref name="huc" />
| {{percent and number|1246673|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|17030.75|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1246673|17030.75|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1902|1|23|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="05" | [[Mimaropa]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 23
| 1
| 433
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-PAM
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Pampanga]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Angeles City|Angeles]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[San Fernando, Pampanga|San Fernando]]
| {{percent and number|2900637|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2062.47|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|2900637|2062.47|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1408|9|4|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="03" | [[Central Luzon|III]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 19
| 3
| 538
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-PAN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Pangasinan]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Dagupan]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Lingayen]]
| {{percent and number|3163190|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5451.01|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|3163190|5451.01|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1580|4|5|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="PhilStar-Pangasinan">{{Cite web |last=Ramirez |first=Cesar |date=March 27, 2011 |title=April 5 a special non-working holiday in Pangasinan |url=http://www.philstar.com/nation/669740/april-5-special-non-working-holiday-pangasinan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211702/http://www.philstar.com/nation/669740/april-5-special-non-working-holiday-pangasinan |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |access-date=October 7, 2015 |newspaper=[[The Philippine Star]]}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="01" | [[Ilocos Region|I]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 44
| 4
| [[List of barangays in Pangasinan|1,364]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-QUE
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Quezon]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Lucena]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Lucena]]<ref name="huc" />
| {{percent and number|2229383|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|9069.60|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|2229383|9069.6|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1591|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 13, 2024 |title=Census of the Philippine Islands: Taken under the direction of the Philippine Legislature in the year 1918 |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_BZ8wAQAAIAAJ/page/267/mode/2up?view=theater}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="04" | [[Calabarzon|IV-A]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 39
| 2
| 1,242
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-QUI
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Quirino]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Cabarroguis]]
| {{percent and number|203828|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2323.47|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|203828|2323.47|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1966|6|18|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="02" | [[Cagayan Valley|II]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 6
| —
| [[List of barangays in Quirino|132]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-RIZ
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Rizal (province)|Rizal]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Antipolo]]
| {{percent and number|3330143|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1191.94|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|3330143|1191.94|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1853|2|23|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="04" | [[Calabarzon|IV-A]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 13
| 1
| 189
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ROM
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Romblon]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Romblon, Romblon|Romblon]]
| {{percent and number|308985|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1533.45|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|308985|1533.45|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1901|3|16|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="RomblomanonNet-History">{{Cite web |date=February 20, 2014 |title=History of Romblon |url=http://romblomanon.net/en/history-romblon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305021713/http://romblomanon.net/en/history-romblon |archive-date=March 5, 2016 |access-date=January 1, 2016 |publisher=United Romblon Ministerial Fellowship}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="05" | [[Mimaropa]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 17
| —
| 219
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-WSA
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Samar (province)|Samar]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Catbalogan]]
| {{percent and number|793183|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|6048.03|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|793183|6048.03|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1792|2|4|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="09" | [[Eastern Visayas|VIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 24
| 2
| 951
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-SAR
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Sarangani]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Alabel]]
| {{percent and number|558946|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3601.25|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|558946|3601.25|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1992|3|16|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="13" | [[Soccsksargen|XII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 7
| —
| 141
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-SIG
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Siquijor]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Siquijor, Siquijor|Siquijor]]
| {{percent and number|103395|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|337.49|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|103395|337.49|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1971|9|17|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="07" | [[Negros Island Region|NIR]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 6
| —
| 134
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-SOR
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Sorsogon]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Sorsogon City]]
| {{percent and number|828655|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|2119.01|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|828655|2119.01|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1894|10|17|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06" | [[Bicol Region|V]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 14
| 1
| 541
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-SCO
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[South Cotabato]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[General Santos]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Koronadal]]
| {{percent and number|1672791|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4428.81|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1672791|4428.81|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1966|6|18|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="13" | [[Soccsksargen|XII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 10
| 2
| 225
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-SLE
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |   [[Southern Leyte]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Maasin]]
| {{percent and number|429573|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1798.61|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|429573|1798.61|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1959|5|22|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Visayas]]
| data-sort-value="09" | [[Eastern Visayas|VIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 18
| 1
| 500
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-SUK
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Sultan Kudarat]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Isulan]]
| {{percent and number|854052|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5298.34|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|854052|5298.34|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1973|11|22|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="13" | [[Soccsksargen|XII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 11
| 1
| 249
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-SLU
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Sulu]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Jolo, Sulu|Jolo]]
| {{percent and number|1000108|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1600.40|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}<ref name="SuluGovPH">Province of Sulu: [http://www.sulu.gov.ph/Profile.asp Brief Profile] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110226001309/http://www.sulu.gov.ph/Profile.asp |date=February 26, 2011 }} (There seems to be major discrepancies among authoritative sources:  343,699 ha (NSCB 2007), 175,460 ha (NSCB 2000), 167,377 ha (NAMRIA))</ref>
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1000108|1600.4|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1917|3|10|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14.1" {{N/A}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 19
| —
| 410
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-SUN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Surigao del Norte]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Surigao City]]
| {{percent and number|534636|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1972.93|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|534636|1972.93|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1901|5|15|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14" | [[Caraga|XIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 20
| 1
| 335
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-SUR
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Surigao del Sur]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tandag]]
| {{percent and number|642255|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|4932.70|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|642255|4932.7|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1960|6|16|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14" | [[Caraga|XIII]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 17
| 2
| 309
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-TAR
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Tarlac]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tarlac City]]
| {{percent and number|1503456|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3053.60|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1503456|3053.6|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1872|3|28|abbr=on|format=dmy}}<br /><ref name="VisitTarlac-History">{{Cite web |title=History of Tarlac |url=http://visit-tarlac.com/history-of-tarlac |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222115710/http://visit-tarlac.com/history-of-tarlac |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |access-date=October 7, 2015 |publisher=Province of Tarlac}}</ref><ref name="Proc109">{{Cite journal |title=Proclamation No. 109, s. 1998 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1999/05/10/proclamation-no-109-s-1999/ |journal=[[Official Gazette (Philippines)|Official Gazette]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524194250/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1999/05/10/proclamation-no-109-s-1999/ |archive-date=May 24, 2022 |access-date=October 7, 2015}}</ref>
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="03" | [[Central Luzon|III]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 17
| 1
| [[List of barangays in Tarlac|511]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-TAW
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Tawi-Tawi]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Bongao]]<ref name="NSCBGovPH-TawiTawi">The [http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/province.asp?provCode=157000000&provName=TAWI-TAWI&regCode=15&regName=ARMM%20-%20Autonomous%20Region%20in%20Muslim%20Mindanao National Statistical Coordination Board] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081118213313/http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/province.asp?provCode=157000000&provName=TAWI-TAWI&regCode=15&regName=ARMM%20-%20Autonomous%20Region%20in%20Muslim%20Mindanao |date=November 18, 2008 }} recognizes both [[Bongao]] and [[Panglima Sugala]] as capitals of the province. However, the provincial capitol is located in [[Bongao]], the ''de facto'' seat of government.</ref>
| {{percent and number|440276|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|1087.40|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}<ref name="ARMMDAGovPH-TawiTawi">Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, Department of Agriculture: [http://armm.da.gov.ph/dafbeta/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66&Itemid=60 Tawi-Tawi] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120906050217/http://armm.da.gov.ph/dafbeta/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=66&Itemid=60 |date=September 6, 2012 }} (There seems to be major discrepancies among authoritative sources:  362,655 ha (NSCB 2007), 120,876 ha (NAMRIA), 1,197 km² (Department of Tourism), 999 km² (Mapcentral))</ref>
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|440276|1087.4|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1973|9|11|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="14.1" | [[Bangsamoro|BARMM]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 11
| —
| 203
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ZMB
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Zambales]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Olongapo]].}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Iba, Zambales|Iba]]
| {{percent and number|909932|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3830.83|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|909932|3830.83|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1578|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="03" | [[Central Luzon|III]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 13
| 1
| [[List of barangays in Zambales|247]]
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ZAN
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Zamboanga del Norte]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Dipolog]]
| {{percent and number|1047455|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|7301.00|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|1047455|7301|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1952|6|6|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="10" | [[Zamboanga Peninsula|IX]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 25
| 2
| 691
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ZAS
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" | {{nowrap|[[Zamboanga del Sur]]{{efn-lr|Figures include the independent city of [[Zamboanga City|Zamboanga]].}}}}
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Pagadian]]
| {{percent and number|2027902|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|5914.16|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|2027902|5914.16|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|1914|9|1|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="10" | [[Zamboanga Peninsula|IX]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 26
| 2
| 779
|-
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-ZSI
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" |[[Zamboanga Sibugay]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Ipil, Zamboanga Sibugay|Ipil]]
| {{percent and number|669840|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|3607.75|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|669840|3607.75|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{dts|2001|2|22|abbr=on|format=dmy}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Mindanao]]
| data-sort-value="10" | [[Zamboanga Peninsula|IX]]
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 16
| —
| 389
|- style="background-color:#D0D0D0;"
! scope="row" style="font-size:0.9em;" | PH-00
| style="text-align:left;font-weight:bold;" | [[Metro Manila]]
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Manila]]&nbsp;<sup>{{abbr|†|regional center}}</sup>
| {{percent and number|13484462|109035343|disp=table|2|pad=yes}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|638.55|km2|abbr=on|sortable=on|disp=br()}}
| style="text-align:right;" | {{Pop density|13484462|638.55|km2|sqmi|prec=0}}
| —
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | [[Luzon]]
| data-sort-value="06.2" | [[Metro Manila|NCR]]{{efn-ua|group=table|[[Metro Manila]] is included for comparison, although it is ''not'' a province but an [[Regions of the Philippines|administrative region]].}}
| style="border-left-width:medium;" | 1
| 16
| [[List of barangays of Metro Manila|1,706]]
|- class="sortbottom" style="border-top:double gray;"
| colspan="13" style="text-align:left;background-color:#F9F9F9;" | {{notelist-ua|group=table}}
|- class="sortbottom" style="border-top:double gray;"
| colspan="13" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" |

=== Table notes ===
{{notelist-lr|group=note|30em}}
|}

=== Former provinces ===
* [[Manila (province)|Manila]] (until 1901){{spaced ndash}} Incorporated into [[Rizal (province)|Rizal]]; portions around Manila later consolidated to form present-day [[Metro Manila|NCR]].
* [[Lepanto-Bontoc]] (1902–1908){{spaced ndash}} Incorporated into [[Mountain Province]].
* [[Moro Province]] (1903–1913){{spaced ndash}} Converted to the [[Department of Mindanao and Sulu]], composed of seven provinces. Now part of several regions in Mindanao.
* [[Ambos Camarines]] (1901–1908){{spaced ndash}} Divided into [[Camarines Norte]] and [[Camarines Sur]], although the wording of ''Act No. 2809'' implies Camarines Norte was created from ''Ambos Camarines'', the remainder of which was renamed Camarines Sur. Camarines Sur retained the provincial capital of [[Naga, Camarines Sur|Nueva Caceres]].
* [[Misamis (province)|Misamis]] (1901–1939){{spaced ndash}} Partitioned into [[Misamis Occidental]] and [[Misamis Oriental]]. Misamis Oriental retained the provincial capital of [[Cagayan de Oro|Cagayan]].
* [[Mindoro (province)|Mindoro]] (1902–1950){{spaced ndash}} Divided into [[Occidental Mindoro]] and [[Oriental Mindoro]]. Oriental Mindoro retained the provincial capital of [[Calapan]].
* [[Zamboanga (province)|Zamboanga]] (1914–1952){{spaced ndash}} Partitioned into [[Zamboanga del Norte]] and [[Zamboanga del Sur]]. The ''de jure'' provincial capital of [[Molave, Zamboanga del Sur|Molave]] was placed under the jurisdiction of Zamboanga del Sur which had its capital in [[Pagadian]]. [[Zamboanga Sibugay]] later created from Zamboanga del Sur.
* [[Lanao (province)|Lanao]] (1914–1959){{spaced ndash}} Divided into [[Lanao del Norte]] and [[Lanao del Sur]]. Lanao del Sur retained the provincial capital of Dansalan (now [[Marawi]]).
* [[Surigao (province)|Surigao]] (1901–1967){{spaced ndash}} Partitioned into [[Surigao del Norte]] and [[Surigao del Sur]]. Surigao del Norte retained the provincial capital of [[Surigao City]] and the provincial seal. The province of [[Dinagat Islands]] was later created from Surigao del Norte.
* [[Davao (province)|Davao]] (1914–1967; 1972–1998){{spaced ndash}} Divided into [[Davao del Norte]], [[Davao del Sur]] and [[Davao Oriental]]. Davao del Norte was officially known as Davao from 1972 to 1998, when Compostela Valley (now [[Davao de Oro]]) was later created from Davao province. Davao Occidental later created from Davao del Sur.
* [[Agusan (province)|Agusan]] (1907–1967){{spaced ndash}} Partitioned into [[Agusan del Norte]] and [[Agusan del Sur]]. Agusan del Norte retained the former provincial capital of [[Butuan]]. The provincial capital was officially transferred to Cabadbaran in 2000 but the provincial government services and functions are yet to be completely transferred to the new capital.<ref>[http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/ra_11/RA08811.pdf Republic Act No. 8811] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213103/http://www.congress.gov.ph/download/ra_11/RA08811.pdf |date=March 3, 2016 }}, Republic Act No. 8811.</ref>
* [[Negros del Norte]] (1985–1986){{spaced ndash}} ''Batas Pambansa Blg. 885'',<ref name="ndn">{{Cite web |last=Diaz |first=Ronald Echalas |title=PHILIPPINE LAWS, STATUTES AND CODES – CHAN ROBLES VIRTUAL LAW LIBRARY |url=http://www.chanrobles.com/bataspambansa/bataspambansablg885.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109014735/http://www.chanrobles.com/bataspambansa/bataspambansablg885.html |archive-date=January 9, 2009 |access-date=February 21, 2008 |website=www.chanrobles.com}}</ref> which created a new province out of the northern part of [[Negros Occidental]], took effect on December 23, 1985, with a plebiscite to ratify the law held on January 3, 1986. The province comprised the present-day cities of [[Cadiz, Negros Occidental|Cadiz]] (which was to serve as the capital), [[Escalante, Negros Occidental|Escalante]], [[Sagay, Negros Occidental|Sagay]], [[San Carlos, Negros Occidental|San Carlos]], [[Silay]] and [[Victorias, Negros Occidental|Victorias]], as well as the municipalities of [[Calatrava, Negros Occidental|Calatrava]], [[Don Salvador Benedicto]], [[Enrique B. Magalona, Negros Occidental|Enrique B. Magalona]], [[Manapla, Negros Occidental|Manapla]], and [[Toboso, Negros Occidental|Toboso]]. Despite voters ratifying ''Batas Pambansa Blg. 885'', on July 11, 1986, the [[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court]] declared the law and the proclamation of the province null and void. The ruling states the enabling law was unconstitutional for, among other things, not including the rest of Negros Occidental in the plebiscite, and the proposed province not meeting the 3,500 square kilometer land area requirement of the 1983 Local Government Code.<ref name="ndn2">{{Cite web |title=G.R. No. 73155 |url=https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1986/jul1986/gr_73155_1986.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921202150/https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1986/jul1986/gr_73155_1986.html |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |access-date=October 2, 2021 |website=lawphil.net}}</ref>
* [[Kalinga-Apayao]] (1966–1995){{spaced ndash}} Divided into [[Apayao (province)|Apayao]] and [[Kalinga (province)|Kalinga]]. Kalinga retained the provincial capital of [[Tabuk, Kalinga|Tabuk]].
* [[Shariff Kabunsuan]] (2006–2008){{spaced ndash}} ''Republic Act No. 9054'' conferred to the [[Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao]] expanded powers, especially the capacity to create provinces (Article VI, Section 19).<ref>[http://laws.chanrobles.com/ph/ra/republicactno9054.html Republic Act No. 9054] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708135339/http://laws.chanrobles.com/ph/ra/republicactno9054.html |date=July 8, 2011 }}, Chan-Robles Law Library.</ref> Based on this, the [[ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly]] enacted ''Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act No. 201'' on August 28, 2006. The Act created a new province, comprising all the municipalities in the [[Legislative districts of Maguindanao#1st District|first congressional district of Maguindanao]] (except [[Cotabato City]]), with its capital at [[Datu Odin Sinsuat, Maguindanao|Datu Odin Sinsuat]]. The province's creation was approved on October 28, 2006, by a majority vote in a [[2006 Shariff Kabunsuan creation plebiscite|plebiscite]]. Responding to requests for clarification as to which congressional districts form Shariff Kabunsuan for the [[2007 Philippine general election|2007 elections]] (specifically whether Cotabato City was part of the representation of the new province), [[Commission on Elections (Philippines)|COMELEC]] issued ''Resolution No. 7845'', which initially held Cotabato City to be the sole remaining [[Local government unit|LGU]] in the First District of Maguindanao. COMELEC later amended this with ''Resolution No. 7902'', which maintained the ''status quo'' before the province's creation. The COMELEC resolutions became the subject of [[Sema v. COMELEC and Dilangalen|a case]] in which the Supreme Court opined that because "''the power to create new a province or city inherently involves the power to create a legislative district''"—a power that [[Congress of the Philippines|Congress]] did not explicitly delegate to the ARMM Regional Assembly—the creation of a province by a lower legislative body (the ARMM Regional Assembly) will necessarily entail the creation of a legislative district for a higher legislative body (Congress). Therefore, on July 16, 2008, the Supreme Court declared Section 19, Article VI of ''RA No. 9054'' unconstitutional, ''MMA Act No. 201'' void, and ''COMELEC Resolution No. 7902'' valid.<ref name="svc">[http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2008/july2008/177597.htm G.R. No. 177597 – Sema v. COMELEC and Dilangalen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307204336/http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2008/july2008/177597.htm |date=March 7, 2019 }}, Supreme Court of the Philippines.</ref>
* [[Maguindanao]] (1973–2022){{spaced ndash}}''Republic Act No. 11550''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Republic Act No. 11550 |url=https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2021/ra_11550_2021.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920172150/https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2021/ra_11550_2021.html |archive-date=September 20, 2022 |access-date=September 18, 2022 |website=lawphil.net}}</ref> divided the province into Maguindanao del Norte and Maguindanao del Sur through a plebiscite. Maguindanao del Norte resembles the former province of Shariff Kabunsuan however adds the municipality of Sultan Sumagka into its territory. The capital of Maguindanao del Norte is [[Datu Odin Sinsuat]] while the capital of Maguindanao del Sur is [[Buluan]].

== Etymologies ==
{{main list|List of provincial name etymologies of the Philippines}}

== History ==
{{Cleanup list|section|date=August 2013}}
{{context|section|date=August 2013}}

=== Timeline ===
When the United States acquired the Philippines from Spain in 1898, the islands were divided into four ''gobiernos'' (governments), which were further subdivided into provinces and districts. The American administration initially inherited the Spanish divisions and placed them under military government. As insurgencies were pacified, civil government was gradually organized.

;1900–1901
* November 23, 1900 – Civil government of the province of [[Benguet]] established through Act No. 49. Capital moved to [[Baguio]].<ref name="Act-49" />
* February 6, 1901 – Act No. 83, or the Provincial Government Act, enacted by the [[Philippine Commission]].<ref name="Act-83" />
* February 13 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Pampanga]] through Act No. 85.<ref name="Act-85" />
* February 16 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Pangasinan]] through Act No. 86. Towns of [[Balungao]], [[Rosales, Pangasinan|Rosales]], [[San Quintin, Pangasinan|San Quintin]] and [[Umingan]] annexed from [[Nueva Ecija]].<ref name="Act-86" />
* February 18 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Tarlac]] through Act No. 87.<ref name="Act-87" />
* February 27 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Bulacan]] through Act No. 88. Capital moved to [[Malolos]].<ref name="Act-88" />
* March 2 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Bataan]] through Act No. 92.<ref name="Act-92" />
* March 12 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Quezon|Tayabas]] through Act No. 103. Capital moved to [[Lucena, Philippines|Lucena]].<ref name="Act-103" />
* March 16 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Romblon]], elevated from Spanish-era status of District, through Act No. 104.<ref name="Act-104" />
* March 18 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Masbate]], elevated from Spanish-era status of District, through Act No. 105.<ref name="Act-105" />
* April 11 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Iloilo]], formed through the merging of the Spanish-era Province of Iloilo with the [[Comandancia of Concepcion]], through Act No. 113.<ref name="Act-113" />
* April 13 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Antique (province)|Antique]] through Act No. 114.<ref name="Act-114" />
* April 15 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Capiz]] through Act No. 115.<ref name="Act-115" />
* April 18 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Cebu]] through Act No. 116.<ref name="Act-116" />
* April 20 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Bohol]] through Act No. 117.<ref name="Act-117" />
* April 22 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Leyte (province)|Leyte]] through Act No. 121.<ref name="Act-121" />
* April 26 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Albay]] through Act No. 122.<ref name="Act-122" />
* April 27 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Ambos Camarines]] through Act No. 123.<ref name="Act-123" />
* April 30 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Sorsogon]] through Act No. 124.<ref name="Act-124" />
* May 1:
** Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Occidental Negros]] and [[Oriental Negros]] through Acts No. 119<ref name="Act-119" /> and 120,<ref name="Act-120" /> respectively, enacted on April 20, 1901.
** Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to newly created [[Marinduque]] through Act No. 125.<ref name="Act-125" />
* May 2 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Batangas]] through Act No. 126.<ref name="Act-126" />
* May 15:
** Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Surigao (province)|Surigao]], elevated from Spanish-era status of District, through Act No. 127.<ref name="Act-127" />
** Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Misamis (province)|Misamis]] through Act No. 128.<ref name="Act-128" />
* June 11:
** Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to newly created [[Rizal (province)|Rizal]], formed through the merging of the Politico-Military District of Morong with the entire [[Manila (province)|province of Manila]] except the territory of the [[Manila|city of Manila]], through Act No. 137.<ref name="Act-137" />
** Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Cavite]] through Act No. 138. Annexed [[Lubang Island|Lubang]] and adjacent islands to the province. Provincial government provided an option to move capital from the town of [[Cavite City|Cavite]].<ref name="Act-138" />
** Provisions of the Provincial Government Act extended to [[Nueva Ecija]] through Act No. 139.  Provincial government provided an option to move capital from the town of [[San Isidro, Nueva Ecija|San Isidro]].<ref name="Act-139" />
* July 16 – [[Catanduanes]] annexed to [[Albay]] through Act No. 169.<ref name="Act-169" />
* July 17 – [[Batangas]], [[Bohol]] and [[Cebu]] placed under the control of military governors through Act No. 173.<ref name="Act-173" />
* August 15 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to [[La Union]] through Act No. 203.<ref name="Act-203" />
* August 16 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to [[Ilocos Sur]] through Act No. 205.<ref name="Act-205" />
* August 19 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to [[Abra (province)|Abra]], excluding its territory east of the crest of the [[Cordillera Central (Luzon)|Cordillera Central]], through Act No. 206.<ref name="Act-206" />
* August 20 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to [[Ilocos Norte]] through Act No. 207.<ref name="Act-207" />
* August 22 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to [[Cagayan]] through Act No. 209. The [[Babuyan Islands]] and the Spanish-era province of [[Batanes]] annexed to the province.<ref name="Act-209" />
* August 24 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to [[Isabela (province)|Isabela]] through Act No. 210.<ref name="Act-210" />
* August 28 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to [[Zambales]] through Act No. 211.<ref name="Act-211" />

;1902
* January 1 – Civil government of the Province of [[Cebu]] restored through Act No. 322 enacted on December 20, 1901.<ref name="Act-322" />
* January 28 – Civil government of the Province of [[Nueva Vizcaya]] established through Act No. 337.<ref name="Act-337" />
* April 1 – Civil government of the Province of [[Bohol]] restored through Act No. 365 enacted on March 3, 1902.<ref name="Act-365" />
* May 28 – Spanish-era comandancias of Amburayan, [[Mountain Province|Bontoc]] and Lepanto organized into sub-provinces under the new province of [[Lepanto-Bontoc]] through Act No. 410. Areas between [[Abra (province)|Abra]] and [[Cagayan]] not yet placed under the jurisdiction of any province annexed as part of the sub-province of [[Mountain Province|Bontoc]].<ref name="Act-410" />
* June 12 – Spanish-era districts of [[Aurora (province)|El Principe]] and [[Infanta, Quezon|Infanta]], including the [[Polillo Islands]], annexed to [[Quezon|Tayabas]] through Act No. 417.<ref name="Act-417" />
* June 17 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to [[Samar Province (1768-1965)|Samar]] through Act No. 419.<ref name="Act-419" />
* June 23:
** Civil government of the Province of [[Palawan|Paragua]] established through Act No. 422.<ref name="Act-422" />
** [[Mindoro Island|Mindoro]], [[Lubang Island|Lubang]] and surrounding small islands annexed to [[Marinduque]] through Act No. 423.<ref name="Act-423" />
* July 1 – Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to [[Laguna (province)|La Laguna]] through Act No. 424.<ref name="Act-424" />
* November 10:
** [[Marinduque]] annexed to [[Quezon|Tayabas]] through Act No. 499.<ref name="Act-499" />
** Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and its amendments extended to newly created [[Mindoro (province)|Mindoro]], separated from [[Marinduque]] through Act No. 500.<ref name="Act-500" />

;1903
* May 14 – [[Cagayancillo]], [[Balabac]] and the rest of [[Palawan Island]] (south of Tapul and Ulugan rivers) annexed to [[Palawan|Paragua]] through Act No. 747. Provincial government provided the option to choose capital between [[Cuyo, Palawan|Cuyo]] or [[Puerto Princesa]].<ref name="Act-747" />
* May 26 – Spanish-era Comandancia of [[Kayapa]] annexed to [[Benguet]] through Act No. 768.<ref name="Act-768" />
* July 15 – [[Moro Province]] formed, composed of the districts of Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Sulu, and Zamboanga through Act No. 787 enacted on June 1, 1903.<ref name="Act-787" />

;1905
* April 1 – [[Abra (province)|Abra]] annexed to [[Ilocos Sur]] as sub-province through Act No. 1306 enacted on February 27, 1905.<ref name="Act-1306" />
* April 19 – [[Catanduanes]] established as sub-province of [[Albay]] through Act No. 1331.<ref name="Act-1331" />
* June 28 – Name of Paragua changed to [[Palawan]] through Act No. 1363.<ref name="Act-1363" />

;1906–1907
* January 1, 1906 – [[Masbate]] annexed to [[Sorsogon]] as sub-province through Act No. 1413 enacted on November 23, 1905.<ref name="Act-1413" />
* May 9, 1907 – [[Apayao]] and [[Kalinga (province)|Kalinga]] established as sub-provinces of [[Cagayan]] and [[Lepanto-Bontoc]], respectively, through Act No. 1642.<ref name="Act-1642" />
* July 15 – [[Romblon]] (except the island of [[Concepcion, Romblon|Maestro de Campo]], annexed to [[Mindoro (province)|Mindoro]]) annexed to [[Capiz]] as sub-province through Act No. 1665 enacted on July 2, 1907.<ref name="Act-1665" />
* August 10 – [[Marinduque]] declared a sub-province of [[Quezon|Tayabas]] through Act No. 1649 enacted on May 17, 1907.<ref name="Act-1649" />
* August 20 – Act No. 1693 creates [[Agusan (province)|Agusan]] (composed of the sub-provinces of [[Agusan (province)|Butuan]] and [[Bukidnon]]), and establishes [[Batanes]] as a sub-province of [[Cagayan]].<ref name="Act-1693" />
* October 8 – [[Siquijor]] established as sub-province of [[Negros Oriental]] through Act No. 1753.<ref name="Act-1753" />

;1908–1919
* August 18, 1908 – [[Mountain Province]], with seven sub-provinces, formed by merging territories of the entire province of Lepanto-Bontoc (with [[Amburayan]], Bontoc, [[Kalinga (province)|Kalinga]] and Lepanto sub-provinces); the district in the province of [[Nueva Vizcaya]] that formerly comprised the Spanish-era Comandancia of Quiangan (annexed as [[Ifugao (province)|Ifugao]] sub-province); the entire province of [[Benguet]] except [[Baguio]] (annexed as Benguet sub-province); and [[Apayao (province)|Apayao]] sub-province in [[Cagayan]], through Act No. 1876.<ref name="Act-1876" />
* May 20, 1909 – [[Batanes]] re-established as province, separated from [[Cagayan]] through Act No. 1952.<ref name="Act-1952" />
* December 20, 1913 – Act No. 2309 renames [[Moro Province]] to [[Department of Mindanao and Sulu]] and annexes [[Agusan (province)|Agusan]] (with [[Bukidnon]] sub-province) to the Department. Department of Mindanao and Sulu formally organized on January 1, 1914.<ref name="Act-2309" />
* September 1, 1914 – [[Department of Mindanao and Sulu]] provided with autonomous government through Act No. 2408 enacted on July 23, 1914. [[Bukidnon]] sub-province and the former Moro Province districts of [[Cotabato Province (1914-1973)|Cotabato]], [[Davao Region|Davao]], [[Lanao (province)|Lanao]], [[Sulu]] and [[Zamboanga (province)|Zamboanga]] converted to provinces.<ref name="Act-2408" />
* March 9, 1917 – [[Abra (province)|Abra]] re-established as regular province, separated from [[Ilocos Sur]] through Act No. 2683.<ref name="Act-2683" />
* December 7, 1917 – [[Romblon]] re-established as regular province, separated from [[Capiz]] through Act No. 2724.<ref name="Act-2724" />
* March 3, 1919 – [[Ambos Camarines]] divided into [[Camarines Norte]] and [[Camarines Sur]] through Act No. 2809.<ref name="Act-2809" />

;1920
* February 4
** Act No. 2877 abolishes Amburayan sub-province in [[Mountain Province]] by annexing its municipal entities to [[Ilocos Sur]] and [[La Union (province)|La Union]].<ref name="Act-2877" />
** Lepanto sub-province reduced in size by annexing some of its municipal entities to [[Ilocos Sur]] and [[Benguet]].<ref name="Act-2877" />
* February 22 – [[Marinduque]] re-established as regular province, separated from [[Quezon|Tayabas]] through Act No. 2880.<ref name="Act-2880" />
* December 15 – [[Masbate]] re-established as regular province, separated from [[Sorsogon (province)|Sorsogon]] through Act No. 2934.<ref name="Act-2934" />

;1923–1939
* March 27, 1923 – [[Leyte]] divided into Occidental Leyte and Oriental Leyte through Act No. 3117, but never proclaimed by the governor-general.<ref name="Act-3117" />
* November 28, 1930 – Division of [[Misamis (province)|Misamis]] into [[Misamis Occidental]] and [[Misamis Oriental]] implemented by virtue of Act No. 3777,<ref name="Act-3777" /> the law that amended Act No. 3537 (enacted on November 2, 1929), which first sought the division.<ref name="Act-3537" />
* June 8, 1940 – Provincial government of [[Romblon]] abolished, municipal governments reorganized into four "special municipalities" through Commonwealth Act No. 581.<ref name="CA-581" />

;1942
* January 1 – Executive Order No. 400 issued by [[Manuel L. Quezon]] creates the [[City of Greater Manila]], composed of the chartered cities of [[Manila]] and [[Quezon City]] with the following municipalities from the province of [[Rizal (province)|Rizal]]: [[Caloocan]], [[Makati]], [[Mandaluyong]], [[Parañaque]], [[Pasay]] and [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]].<ref name="EO-400-s-1942" />
* May 18 – Executive Order No. 42 issued by [[Jorge B. Vargas|Jorge Vargas]] of the [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines|Japanese-era]] [[Philippine Executive Commission]] abolishes sub-provinces, annexing their municipalities to their respective provinces.{{efn|name=WWII|Provisions of this order only apply for the duration of the Japanese occupation; revoked after the restoration of the Commonwealth in 1945.}}{{refn|SEC. 2. ''Subprovinces abolished''.—The subprovinces and their governments are hereby abolished and their territories annexed to the provinces to which they belong."<ref name="OfficialGazetteVol1" />}}
* August 31 – Executive Order No. 84 issued by [[Jorge B. Vargas|Jorge Vargas]] abolishes the province of [[Batanes]] and annexes its municipalities to [[Cagayan]]; annexes the municipalities of [[Baler, Aurora|Baler]] and [[Casiguran, Aurora|Casiguran]] (corresponding to the entire present-day territory of [[Aurora (province)|Aurora]]) from [[Quezon (province)|Tayabas]] to [[Nueva Ecija]]; annexes the municipality of [[Infanta, Quezon|Infanta]] (including the present-day municipalities of [[General Nakar, Quezon|General Nakar]] and [[Real, Quezon|Real]]) from [[Quezon|Tayabas]] to [[Laguna (province)|Laguna]]; abolishes the province of [[Marinduque]] and annexes its municipalities to [[Quezon|Tayabas]]; and abolishes the province of [[Romblon]] and annexes its special municipalities to [[Capiz]].{{efn|name=WWII}}{{refn|"Pursuant to the authority conferred upon me as Head of the Central Administrative Organization by Order No. 1 in connection with Order No. 3 of the Commander in Chief of the Imperial Japanese Forces in the Philippines and upon the recommendation of the Executive Commission it is hereby ordered that—
# The Province of Batanes is abolished and the comprising the same as well as the territory thereof shall be annexed to the Province Cagayan.
# The municipalities of Baler and Casiguran, Province of Tayabas, and the territories thereof are segregated from said province and shall be annexed to the Province of Nueva Ecija.
# The municipality of Infanta, Province of Tayabas, and the territory thereof are segregated from province and shall be annexed to the Province of Laguna.
# The Province of Marinduque is abolished and municipalities comprising the same as well as territory thereof shall be annexed to the Province of Tayabas.
# The Province of Romblon is abolished and the municipalities comprising the same as well the territory thereof shall be annexed to the of Capiz."<ref name="OfficialGazetteVol1" />}}
* November 1 – Executive Order No. 103 issued by [[Jorge B. Vargas|Jorge Vargas]] annexes the [[Polillo Islands]] from [[Quezon|Tayabas]] to [[Laguna (province)|Laguna]].{{efn|name=WWII}}{{refn|"Pursuant to the authority conferred upon me by Order No. 1 in connection with Order No. 3 of the Commander in Chief of the Imperial Japanese Forces in the Philippines and upon the recommendation of the Executive Commission it is hereby ordered that—
# The Polillo islands are segregated from the Province of Tayabas and shall be annexed to the Province of Laguna."<ref name="OfficialGazetteVol1" />}}

;1945–1956
* August 1, 1945 – Executive Order No. 58 issued by [[Sergio Osmeña]] reduces the territory of the City of Greater Manila to only [[Manila]] and [[Quezon City]], restoring [[Caloocan]], [[Makati]], [[Mandaluyong]], [[Parañaque]], [[Pasay]] and [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]] to [[Rizal (province)|Rizal]]. Republic Act No. 54 of October 10, 1946, later repealed Executive Order No. 400 (series 1942) and Executive Order No. 58 (series 1945), finally abolishing the City of Greater Manila and restoring the pre-war status of the chartered cities of Manila and Quezon City.<ref name="EO-58-s-1945" />
* October 26, 1945 – [[Catanduanes]] established as regular province, separated from [[Albay]] through Commonwealth Act No. 687 enacted on September 26, 1945.<ref name="CA-687" />
* September 7, 1946 – Name of Tayabas changed to [[Quezon]] through Republic Act No. 14.<ref name="RA-14" />
* October 1, 1946 – CA 581 repealed and [[Romblon]]'s provincial and municipal governments restored through Republic Act No. 38.<ref name="RA-38" />
* June 13, 1950 – [[Mindoro (province)|Mindoro]] divided into [[Occidental Mindoro]] and [[Oriental Mindoro]] through Republic Act No. 505.<ref name="RA-505" />
* June 14, 1951 – [[Aurora (province)|Aurora]] established as sub-province of [[Quezon]] through Republic Act No. 648.<ref name="RA-648" />
* June 6, 1952 – [[Zamboanga (province)|Zamboanga]] divided into [[Zamboanga del Norte]] and [[Zamboanga del Sur]] through Republic Act No. 711.<ref name="RA-711" />
* April 25, 1956 – [[Aklan]] separated from [[Capiz]] through Republic Act No. 1414.<ref name="RA-1414" />
* June 22, 1957 – [[Camiguin]] established as sub-province of [[Misamis Oriental]] through Republic Act No. 2021.<ref name="RA-2021" />

;1959
* April 8 – [[Biliran]] established as sub-province of [[Leyte (province)|Leyte]] through Republic Act No. 2141.<ref name="RA-2141" />
* May 22 – [[Lanao (province)|Lanao]] province divided into [[Lanao del Norte]] and [[Lanao del Sur]] through Republic Act No. 2228.<ref name="RA-2228" />
* July 1 – [[Southern Leyte]] separated from [[Leyte (province)|Leyte]] through Republic Act No. 2227 approved on May 22, 1959.<ref name="RA-2227" />

;1960–1969
* June 19, 1960 – [[Surigao (province)|Surigao]] divided into [[Surigao del Norte]] and [[Surigao del Sur]] through Republic Act No. 2786.<ref name="RA-2786" />
* November 9, 1965 – Plebiscite approves the division of [[Samar Province (1768-1965)|Samar]] into [[Eastern Samar]], [[Northern Samar]], and [[Western Samar]] by virtue of Republic Act No. 4221 enacted on June 19, 1965.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Vance |first=Lee W. |title=Tracing Your Philippine Ancestors |publisher=Stevenson's Genealogical Center |year=1980 |location=Provo, Utah |pages=321}}</ref><ref name="RA-4221" />
* June 18, 1966
** [[Guimaras]] established as sub-province of [[Iloilo]] through Republic Act No. 4667.<ref name="RA-4667" />
** [[Camiguin]] established as regular province, separated from [[Misamis Oriental]] through Republic Act No. 4669.<ref name="RA-4669" />
** [[Benguet]] re-established, and [[Ifugao]] and [[Kalinga-Apayao]] created, from [[Mountain Province]] through Republic Act No. 4695.<ref name="RA-4695" />
** [[Quirino]] established as sub-province of [[Nueva Vizcaya]] through Republic Act No. 4734.<ref name="RA-4734" />
** [[South Cotabato]] separated from [[Cotabato Province (1914-1973)|Cotabato]] through Republic Act No. 4849.<ref name="RA-4849" />
* May 8, 1967 – [[Davao Region|Davao]] province divided into [[Davao del Norte]], [[Davao del Sur]], and [[Davao Oriental]] through Republic Act No. 4867.<ref name="RA-4867" />
* November 14, 1967 – Plebiscite approves the division of [[Agusan (province)|Agusan]] into [[Agusan del Norte]] and [[Agusan del Sur]] by virtue of Republic Act No. 4979 enacted on June 17, 1967.<ref name="RA-4979" />
* June 21, 1969 – Name of Western Samar province changed to [[Samar (province)|Samar]] through Republic Act No. 5650.<ref name="RA-5650" />
* August 4, 1969 – [[Samal, Davao del Norte|Samal]] sub-province created from [[Davao del Norte]] through Republic Act No. 5999, but never inaugurated.<ref name="RA-5999" />

;1971–1998
* October 4, 1971 – Maranaw province created from [[Lanao del Sur]] through Republic Act No. 6406, remained unorganized due to the disruption caused by the declaration of [[Martial Law in the Philippines]].
* November 11, 1971 – Plebiscites approve the establishment of [[Quirino]] and [[Siquijor]] as regular provinces by virtue of Republic Act No. 6394 (approved on September 10, 1971) and Republic Act No. 6398 (approved on September 17, 1971), separating them from [[Nueva Vizcaya]] and [[Negros Oriental]], respectively.
* June 17, 1972 – Name of [[Davao del Norte]] changed to Davao through Republic Act No. 6430.
* September 11, 1973 – [[Tawi-Tawi]] separated from [[Sulu]] through Presidential Decree No. 302.
* November 22, 1973 – [[Cotabato Province (1914-1973)|Cotabato]] divided into [[Maguindanao]], [[North Cotabato]], and [[Sultan Kudarat]] through Presidential Decree No. 341.
* December 27, 1973 – [[Basilan]] province created through Presidential Decree No. 356 out of most of the territory of the City of Basilan, which itself was delimited to only the downtown area of what is now [[Isabela, Basilan|Isabela City]], then finally abolished by Presidential Decree No. 840 in 1975.
* November 7, 1975 – [[Metro Manila]] established through Presidential Decree No. 824, composed of the four chartered cities of [[Manila]], [[Caloocan]], [[Pasay]] and [[Quezon City]], and several municipalities of [[Rizal (province)|Rizal]] and [[Bulacan]], all of which effectively became independent from provincial supervision.
* August 13, 1979 – [[Aurora (province)|Aurora]] proclaimed a regular province, separated from [[Quezon]] through Batas Pambansa Blg. 7 enacted on November 21, 1978. Plebiscite held on May 20, 1979, approves provincehood.
* March 7, 1984 – Name of North Cotabato province changed to [[Cotabato]] through Batas Pambansa Blg. 660.<ref>{{Cite act |url= https://lawphil.net/statutes/bataspam/bp1984/bp_660_1984.html |title= An Act Changing the Name of the Province of North Cotabato to Cotabato |date= 7 March 1984 |number= 660 |type= Batas Pambansa }}</ref>
* January 3, 1986 – Plebiscite approves the separation of [[Negros del Norte]] from [[Negros Occidental]] by virtue of Batas Pambansa Blg. 885 enacted on December 3, 1985.
* August 18, 1986 – BP No. 885 found unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, [[Negros del Norte]] reverts as part of [[Negros Occidental]].
* May 11, 1992 – Plebiscites affirm the establishment of [[Biliran]] and [[Guimaras]] as regular provinces, separating them from [[Leyte (province)|Leyte]] and [[Iloilo]], respectively, by virtue of Section 462 of Republic Act No. 7160 (Local Government Code of 1991) approved on October 10, 1991.
* November 28, 1992 – Plebiscite approves the separation of [[Sarangani]] from [[South Cotabato]] by virtue of Republic Act No. 7228 approved on March 16, 1992.
* May 8, 1995 – Plebiscite approves the division of [[Kalinga-Apayao]] into [[Apayao]] and [[Kalinga (province)|Kalinga]] by virtue of Republic Act No. 7878 approved on February 14, 1995.
* March 7, 1998 – Plebiscite approves the separation of [[Compostela Valley]] from [[Davao del Norte|Davao]] by virtue of Republic Act No. 8470 approved on January 30, 1998. Name of Davao changed back to Davao del Norte.

;2001–present
* February 22, 2001 – Plebiscite approves the separation of [[Zamboanga Sibugay]] from [[Zamboanga del Sur]] by virtue of Republic Act No. 8973 approved on November 7, 2000.
* October 28, 2006 – [[2006 Shariff Kabunsuan creation plebiscite|Plebiscite]] approves the separation of [[Shariff Kabunsuan]] from [[Maguindanao]] by virtue of Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act No. 201 enacted on August 28, 2006.
* December 2, 2006 – Plebiscite approves the separation of [[Dinagat Islands]] from [[Surigao del Norte]] by virtue of Republic Act No. 9355 approved on October 2, 2006.
* November 18, 2008 – MMA Act No. 201 [[Sema v. COMELEC and Dilangalen|declared void]] by the Supreme Court, [[Shariff Kabunsuan]] reverts as part of [[Maguindanao]].
* February 11, 2010 – RA No. 9355 found unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, [[Dinagat Islands]] reverts as part of [[Surigao del Norte]].
* March 30, 2011 – Supreme Court reverses its decision on [[Dinagat Islands]] and became a province once again.
* October 28, 2013 – Plebiscite approves the separation of [[Davao Occidental]] from [[Davao del Sur]] by virtue of Republic Act No. 10360 approved on January 21, 2013.
* December 8, 2019 – Name of Compostela Valley changed to [[Davao de Oro]] through Republic Act 11297 approved on April 17, 2019.
* September 18, 2022 – Plebiscite approves the division of [[Maguindanao]] into [[Maguindanao del Norte]] and [[Maguindanao del Sur]] by virtue of Republic Act No. 11550 approved on May 27, 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 18, 2022|title='Yes' vote wins in Maguindanao plebiscite|url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/mindanao/results-maguindanao-plebiscite-2022/|access-date=September 18, 2022|website=[[Rappler]]|language=en|archive-date=September 20, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920170324/https://www.rappler.com/nation/mindanao/results-maguindanao-plebiscite-2022/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Gallery===
<gallery widths="200" perrow="3">
File:Administrative Divisions of the Philippines (1880).svg|1880
File:Administrative Divisions of the Philippines (1899).svg|1899
File:Administrative Divisions of the Philippines (1908).svg|1907
File:Administrative Divisions of the Philippines (1918).svg|1918
File:Administrative Divisions of the Philippines (1935).svg|1935
File:Administrative Divisions of the Philippines (1942-1945).svg|1942–1945
File:Administrative Divisions of the Philippines (1986).svg|1986
File:Administrative Divisions of the Philippines (2013).svg|2013–2022
File:Ph administrative map blank 2.svg|2022–
</gallery>

== Formally proposed/renamed provinces ==
=== Proposed provinces with enacted law ===
{{hatnote|This section only lists the proposals that reached the stage where a legislation was enacted for the purpose of establishing a province or a sub-province but never achieved, or yet to achieve, corporate existence.}}
[[File:Proposed Provinces of the Philippines.svg|thumb|250px|Map of the Philippines showing the proposed provinces]]
* '''Occidental Leyte and Oriental Leyte''' (1923){{snd}}[[Leyte]] was divided into two new provinces by ''Act No. 3117'' on March 27, 1923.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Philippines-Archipelago, Region VIII (Eastern Visayas) |url=http://philippines-archipelago.com/politics/map/region_viii/eastern_visayas.html |publisher=Specific information on the division of Leyte provided by David A. Short, webmaster of Philippines-Archipelago, which was updated accordingly after indirectly obtaining a copy of the text of Act No. 3117 from the Legislative Library, House of Representatives |access-date=May 17, 2008 |archive-date=June 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624222203/http://philippines-archipelago.com/politics/map/region_viii/eastern_visayas.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The division never took place, however, as no proclamation was issued by the [[Governor-General of the Philippines|Governor-General]].
** The province of '''Oriental Leyte''' would have covered the present-day territories of the entire province of Biliran, the municipalities of Abuyog, Alangalang, Babatngon, Barugo, Burauen, Calubian, Capoocan, Carigara, Dagami, Dulag, Jaro, Javier, Julita, La Paz, Leyte, MacArthur, Mahaplag, Mayorga, Palo, Pastrana, San Isidro, San Miguel, Santa Fe, Tabango, Tabontabon, Tanauan, Tolosa, Tunga and Tacloban (which was designated as the provincial capital).
** The province of '''Occidental Leyte''' would have covered the present-day territories of the entire province of Southern Leyte, the municipalities of Albuera, Bato, Hilongos, Hindang, Inopacan, Isabel, Kananga, Matag-ob, Matalom, Mérida, Palompon, Villaba and the cities of Baybay and Ormoc. The province capital of Occidental Leyte "'''SEC. 2.''''' ... shall be designated by the Governor-General, until determined by a plurality vote of the electors of the new province at the next general election.''"
* '''Samal''' (1969){{snd}}The sub-province of Samal was created by ''Republic Act No. 5999''<ref name="samal">[http://laws.chanrobles.com/ph/ra/republicactno5999.html Republic Act No. 5999] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708135335/http://laws.chanrobles.com/ph/ra/republicactno5999.html |date=July 8, 2011 }}, Chan-Robles Law Library.</ref> and covered the area of the present-day [[Samal, Davao del Norte|Island Garden City of Samal]]. However, the sub-province was never inaugurated.
* '''Maranaw''' (1971){{snd}}''Republic Act No. 6406'',<ref name="maranaw">[http://www.chanrobles.com/republicacts/republicactno6406.html Republic Act No. 6406] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305232836/http://www.chanrobles.com/republicacts/republicactno6406.html |date=March 5, 2009 }}. Chan-Robles Law Library.</ref> which sought to create a new province out of eastern [[Lanao del Sur]] (now corresponding to the province's [[Legislative districts of Lanao del Sur#1st District|first congressional district]]), was approved on October 4, 1971. The province was to consist of the municipalities of [[Bubong, Lanao del Sur|Bubong]], [[Ditsaan-Ramain, Lanao del Sur|Ditsaan-Ramain]] (including what is now [[Buadiposo-Buntong, Lanao del Sur|Buadiposo-Buntong]]), [[Kapai, Lanao del Sur|Kapai]], [[Lumba-Bayabao, Lanao del Sur|Lumba-Bayabao]] (including what is now [[Maguing, Lanao del Sur|Maguing]]), [[Marantao, Lanao del Sur|Marantao]], [[Masiu, Lanao del Sur|Masiu]], [[Mulondo, Lanao del Sur|Mulondo]], [[Saguiaran, Lanao del Sur|Saguiaran]], [[Piagapo, Lanao del Sur|Piagapo]], [[Poona Bayabao, Lanao del Sur|Poona Bayabao]], [[Tamparan, Lanao del Sur|Tamparan]], [[Taraka, Lanao del Sur|Taraka]] and [[Wao, Lanao del Sur|Wao]] (including what is now [[Bumbaran, Lanao del Sur|Bumbaran]]), with the chartered city of [[Marawi]] serving as the new province's capital. Lanao del Sur was to retain the remaining municipalities, with [[Malabang, Lanao del Sur|Malabang]] serving as its new capital. Section 4 of RA 6406 provided that "''The new provinces as provided in this Act shall come into existence upon the election and qualification of their first elective provincial officials, who shall be elected in a special election simultaneously with the general elections of November, nineteen hundred and seventy-three''." The division never took place due to the [[Proclamation No. 1081|declaration]] of [[martial law in the Philippines]] on September 21, 1972, which disrupted the scheduled general elections for 1973 and paved the way for the adoption of a new [[Constitution of the Philippines|Constitution]] and the establishment of the [[Fourth Philippine Republic]]. A legacy of this unimplemented division is the existence of two [[ZIP codes in the Philippines|ZIP code]] series for Lanao del Sur: the 93- series was retained by what were to be the remaining towns of the province (with Malabang, the new capital, being reassigned the code 9300), while a new series (97-) was assigned to what was supposed to be the province of Maranaw (with Marawi getting the new code 9700).

==== Rejected in a plebiscite ====
* '''Isabela del Norte and Isabela del Sur''' (1995){{snd}}On February 20, 1995, ''Republic Act No. 7891'',<ref name="ids">{{Cite web |title=PHILIPPINE LAWS, STATUTES AND CODES - CHAN ROBLES VIRTUAL LAW LIBRARY |url=https://www.chanrobles.com/republicacts/republicactno7891.html |website=www.chanrobles.com |access-date=October 2, 2021 |archive-date=June 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613140945/https://www.chanrobles.com/republicacts/republicactno7891.html |url-status=live }}</ref> which sought to divide the province of [[Isabela (province)|Isabela]], was approved. Isabela del Norte was to comprise municipalities belonging to the province's [[Legislative districts of Isabela#1st District|first]] and [[Legislative districts of Isabela#2nd District|second congressional districts]] with [[Ilagan, Isabela|Ilagan]] serving as capital. Isabela del Sur was to consist of the [[Legislative districts of Isabela#3rd District|third]] and [[Legislative districts of Isabela#4th District|fourth congressional districts]] (excluding the independent component city of [[Santiago, Isabela|Santiago]]), with [[Cauayan, Isabela|Cauayan]] as the capital. The proposed division was rejected in a plebiscite held on June 20, 1995.
* '''Quezon del Norte and Quezon del Sur''' (2007){{snd}}The act dividing the province of [[Quezon]] into two, ''Republic Act No. 9495'',<ref name="qds">{{Cite web |title=Republic Act No. 9495 |url=http://www.ops.gov.ph/records/issuances-ra/RA9495.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228060727/http://www.ops.gov.ph/records/issuances-ra/RA9495.pdf |archive-date=February 28, 2008}}</ref> lapsed into law without [[Gloria Macapagal Arroyo|the President]]'s signature on September 7, 2007. Quezon del Norte (which would be renamed from Quezon) was to be composed of the [[Legislative districts of Quezon#1st District|first]] and [[Legislative districts of Quezon#2nd District|second congressional districts]] of the province, with [[Lucena, Philippines|Lucena]] as its capital. Quezon del Sur, with its capital at [[Gumaca, Quezon|Gumaca]], would have been composed of the [[Legislative districts of Quezon#3rd District|third]] and [[Legislative districts of Quezon#4th District|fourth congressional districts]]. The COMELEC held the [[2008 Quezon del Sur creation plebiscite|plebiscite]] on December 13, 2008, and the majority of the votes rejected the division. Notwithstanding the voters' rejection, all the representatives of Quezon's four legislative districts—Wilfrido Mark Enverga, Irvin Alcala, [[Danilo Suarez]], and [[Erin Tañada|Lorenzo Tañada III]]—reintroduced the measure as House Bill No. 3839 on December 8, 2010. They explained that “the wisdom, logic and bare facts behind what is driving this bill to be filed again in this Congress remain,” citing the persistence of poverty in far-flung coastal municipalities and small islands. Yet, the bill did not make it out of the committee level this time.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 3839 (15th Congress)|url=https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_15/HB03839.pdf|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Congress of the Philippines]]|archive-date=June 13, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613140945/https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_15/HB03839.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 3839 (15th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3839-15th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224103709/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3839-15th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref>
* '''Palawan del Norte''', '''Palawan Oriental''', and '''Palawan del Sur''' (2021){{spaced ndash}} On April 5, 2019, President [[Rodrigo Duterte]] signed Republic Act No. 11259 that proposed the division the province of Palawan, with the exception of the independent city of [[Puerto Princesa]], into three separate provinces. A [[2021 Palawan division plebiscite|plebiscite]] was originally scheduled for the second Monday of May 2020<ref>{{Cite news |last=Leila B. Salaverria |date=April 14, 2019 |title=Plebiscite on splitting Palawan into 3 provinces set for 2020 |publisher=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1106550/plebiscite-on-splitting-palawan-into-3-provinces-set-for-2020 |access-date=May 25, 2020 |archive-date=April 14, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414125206/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1106550/plebiscite-on-splitting-palawan-into-3-provinces-set-for-2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> but was postponed to March 2021 due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines|COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sofia Tomacruz |date=April 7, 2020 |title=Comelec suspends Palawan plebiscite due to coronavirus outbreak |publisher=[[Rappler]] |url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/257261-comelec-suspends-palawan-plebiscite-coronavirus-outbreak |access-date=May 25, 2020 |archive-date=April 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410085832/https://www.rappler.com/nation/257261-comelec-suspends-palawan-plebiscite-coronavirus-outbreak |url-status=live }}</ref> Palawan del Norte would have been composed of [[Taytay, Palawan|Taytay]] and municipalities north of it. Palawan del Sur would have been composed of the municipalities west and south of Puerto Princesa, including [[Kalayaan, Palawan|Kalayaan]] (which administers the country's claims in the [[Spratly Islands]]), while the rest were proposed to form Palawan Oriental. The proposed provincial capitals would have been [[Taytay, Palawan|Taytay]] (Palawan del Norte), [[Brooke's Point]] (Palawan del Sur), and [[Roxas, Palawan|Roxas]] (Palawan Oriental).<ref name="palawan">{{Cite news |date=April 2, 2018 |title=Palawan congressmen want province split into 3 |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/979501/palawan-congressmen-want-province-split-into-3 |access-date=July 9, 2018 |archive-date=July 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712122324/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/979501/palawan-congressmen-want-province-split-into-3 |url-status=live }}</ref> The COMELEC held the plebiscite on March 13, 2021, and the majority of the votes rejected the division.

=== Currently proposed provinces in the 19th Congress ===
* '''Kutawato''' or '''Moro Province''' (2024): Senate Bill No. 2875 of [[Robin Padilla]] proposes the conversion of the [[Special Geographic Area]] of the [[Bangsamoro]] autonomous region, which is currently under the jurisdiction of the provincial government of [[Soccsksargen]] region's [[Cotabato]] province, into a separate province named 'Kutawato'.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Africa |first1=Raymond |title=Bill proposing new BARMM province filed |url=https://malaya.com.ph/news/national-news/bill-proposing-new-barmm-province-filed/ |access-date=14 November 2024 |work=Malaya Business Insight |date=12 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> The bill names as capital the municipality of [[Pahamuddin]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 11, 2024 |title=Senate Bill No. 2875: An Act Creating A Special Geographic Area In The Bangsamoro Autonomous Region In Muslim Mindanao To Be Known As The "Kutawato Province"|url=https://web.senate.gov.ph/lisdata/4525741139!.pdf |access-date=April 21, 2025 |website=senate.gov.ph |publisher=Republic of the Philippines – Senate}}</ref> which was created by an act of the [[Bangsamoro Parliament]]. Separately, Bangsamoro regional government has been planning to convert the SGA towns into a new province. The [[Moro Islamic Liberation Front]] which leads the regional government is already informally referring to the SGA as 'Ligawasan Province'.<ref name=barmm>{{cite news |title=BARMM eyes new province for eight newly created towns |url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/mindanao/barmm-eyes-new-province-newly-created-towns-april-2024/ |access-date=16 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530035152/https://www.rappler.com/philippines/mindanao/barmm-eyes-new-province-newly-created-towns-april-2024/|archive-date=30 May 2024|work=Rappler |date=16 April 2024 }}</ref> The regional government has alternatively proposed that the subdivision be named "Moro Province" to avoid confusion with Cotabato province.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cabrera |first1=Ferdinandh |title=Support snowballs for proposal to create new BARMM province called Kutawato |url=https://www.rappler.com/philippines/mindanao/support-proposal-new-barmm-province-kutawato/ |access-date=5 December 2024 |work=Rappler |date=5 December 2024}}</ref>
* '''Western Leyte''' (2005, 2010, 2024): During the 13th and the 15th Congress, [[Leyte's 5th congressional district|Leyte 5th District]] Rep. Carmen L. Cari and her son and successor Rep. Jose Carlos L. Cari introduced bills seeking to carve the new province of Western Leyte out of the province of [[Leyte (province)|Leyte]]. The Caris' constituency consisted of the [[Baybay|City of Baybay]] and the eight southernmost municipalities of the province. The bills died in the committee level.<ref>{{Cite web |title=House Bill No. 3764 (13th Congress) |url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3764-13th-congress-republic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052911/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3764-13th-congress-republic |archive-date=December 24, 2023 |access-date=December 24, 2023 |publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=House Bill No. 3648 (15th Congress) |url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3648-15th-congress-republic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052913/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3648-15th-congress-republic |archive-date=December 24, 2023 |access-date=December 24, 2023 |publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]}}</ref> Previously, during the 9th Congress, [[Leyte's 4th congressional district|Leyte 4th District]] Rep. Carmelo J. Locsin filed House Bill No. 6388 also to create the province of Western Leyte; his district consists of the City of [[Ormoc]] and the surrounding western municipalities of [[Albuera, Leyte|Albuera]], [[Isabel, Leyte|Isabel]], [[Kananga, Leyte|Kananga]], [[Matag-ob]], [[Merida, Leyte|Merida]], and [[Palompon]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=House Bill No. 6388 (9th Congress) |url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-6388-9th-congress-republic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113032749/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-6388-9th-congress-republic |archive-date=January 13, 2024 |access-date=January 13, 2024 |publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]}}</ref> During the 19th congress, Leyte 4th District Rep. [[Richard Gomez]] revived the idea through House Bill 11077, seeking to establish Western Leyte as a new province. The proposed province would consist of Cebuano-speaking areas, including Ormoc City as its capital, Baybay City, and the municipalities of Leyte, Calubian, San Isidro, Tabango, Villaba, Albuera, Isabel, Kananga, Matag-ob, Merida, Palompon, Bato, Hilongos, Hindang, Inopacan, and Matalom. This would divide Leyte’s third and fourth congressional districts, covering approximately 3,000 square kilometers with a population nearing 1 million. Gomez cited the geographic division caused by the Leyte Central Highland Range and Mt. Pangasugan, which hinders access to essential services concentrated in Tacloban City on the eastern side of the island. He maintained that creating Western Leyte would address these logistical challenges and improve service delivery for the population on the western side.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Moises |date=2024-12-05 |title=Proposed law creating Western Leyte opposed |url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2024/12/05/regions/proposed-law-creating-western-leyte-opposed/2016121 |access-date=2024-12-05 |website=The Manila Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Desacada |first=Miriam |title=Richard Gomez proposes Western Leyte province |url=https://www.philstar.com/nation/2024/11/29/2403719/richard-gomez-proposes-western-leyte-province |access-date=2024-12-05 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Recuerdo |first=Elmer |date=2024-11-28 |title=Solon eyes Western Leyte creation |url=https://tribune.net.ph/2024/11/27/solon-eyes-western-leyte-creation |access-date=2024-12-05 |website=Daily Tribune |language=en}}</ref>
* '''Surigao Oriental''' (1992, 2015, 2022): House Bill No. 2336 seeks to carve a province out of the six southernmost local government units of [[Surigao del Sur]] province. The [[Bislig|City of Bislig]] and the municipalities of [[Barobo, Surigao del Sur|Barobo]], [[Hinatuan, Surigao del Sur|Hinatuan]], [[Lingig, Surigao del Sur|Lingig]], and [[Tagbina, Surigao del Sur|Tagbina]] all comprise the district of the bill's author, Surigao del Sur [[Legislative districts of Surigao del Sur#2nd District|2nd District]] Representative [[Johnny Pimentel|Johnny T. Pimentel]]; the bill also seeks to transfer [[Lianga, Surigao del Sur|Lianga]], currently part of the First District, to the proposed province. Bislig would be the designated capital. The bill is pending with the Committee on Local Government since August 2, 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 2336 (19th Congress)|url=https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_19/HB02336.pdf|access-date=September 18, 2022|publisher=[[Congress of the Philippines]]|archive-date=September 20, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920170746/https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_19/HB02336.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> A previous attempt to create the province of Surigao del Oriente, which would have covered the 2nd District municipalities but would have excluded Lianga, died in the committee level during the 16th Congress.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 5881 (16th Congress)|url=https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_16/HB05881.pdf|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Congress of the Philippines]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052908/https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_16/HB05881.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 5881 (16th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-5881-16th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052915/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-5881-16th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref> The proposal to create a province called Surigao Oriental was raised as early as 1992 by then-2nd District Representative Ernesto T. Estrella.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 594 (9th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-594-9th-congress-republic|access-date=January 13, 2024|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=January 13, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113033829/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-594-9th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref> 
* '''Zamboanga Occidental''' (2002, 2007, 2010, 2017, 2023){{spaced ndash}} On September 25, 2023, [[Legislative districts of Zamboanga del Norte#3rd District|Zamboanga del Norte 3rd District]] Representative Adrian Michael A. Amatong filed House Bill No. 9311 seeking to create a new province out of his constituency. The proposed province would consist of the 12 westernmost municipalities of Zamboanga del Norte—[[Liloy, Zamboanga del Norte|Liloy]] as the proposed capital, together with [[Baliguian, Zamboanga del Norte|Baliguian]], [[Godod, Zamboanga del Norte|Godod]], [[Gutalac, Zamboanga del Norte|Gutalac]], [[Kalawit, Zamboanga del Norte|Kalawit]], [[Leon B. Postigo, Zamboanga del Norte|Leon B. Postigo]], [[Salug, Zamboanga del Norte|Salug]], [[Sibuco, Zamboanga del Norte|Sibuco]], [[Siocon, Zamboanga del Norte|Siocon]], [[Sirawai, Zamboanga del Norte|Sirawai]], and [[Tampilisan, Zamboanga del Norte|Tampilisan]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 9311 (19th Congress)|url=https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_19/HB09311.pdf|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Congress of the Philippines]]|archive-date=June 13, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613140945/https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_19/HB09311.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Previous attempts to turn the district into the province of Zamboanga Occidental, the province of Liloy, or the province of Zamboanga Hermosa—which began with the efforts of then-2nd District Representative Ernesto T. Estrella as early as 1992—failed to hurdle the 12th, the 14th, the 15th and the 17th Congress.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Isagani S. Amatong |date=February 14, 2017 |title=House Bill No. 5040: An Act Creating the Province of Zamboanga Hermosa from the Province of Zamboanga Del Norte |url=http://www.congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/basic_17/HB05040.pdf |access-date=March 10, 2017 |website=www.congress.gov.ph |publisher=Republic of the Philippines – House of Representatives |archive-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312042832/http://www.congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/basic_17/HB05040.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=February 21, 2017 |title=Seventeenth Congress First Regular Session 2016 – 2017 |url=http://www.congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/journals_17/J73-1RS-20170221.pdf |journal=Journal of the House of Representatives |publisher=Journal Service Plenary Affairs Bureau |volume=73 |access-date=March 10, 2017 |archive-date=March 12, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312042927/http://www.congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/journals_17/J73-1RS-20170221.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 4568 (9th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4568-12th-congress-republic|access-date=January 13, 2024|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=January 13, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113033828/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4568-12th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 1334 (14th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-1334-14th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052912/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-1334-14th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 3755 (15th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3755-15th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052910/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3755-15th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 5040 (17th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-5040-17th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052909/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-5040-17th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Other proposed provinces ===
* '''Mindoro del Sur''' (1998): During the 11th Congress, [[Oriental Mindoro's 1st congressional district|Oriental Mindoro 1st District]] Rep. Renato Leviste filed House Bill No. 1476 proposing to turn the adjoining [[Oriental Mindoro's 2nd congressional district|2nd District]] into its own province called Mindoro del Sur. The proposed province would have consisted of the seven municipalities forming the southern half of [[Oriental Mindoro]]: [[Bansud]], [[Bongabong]], [[Bulalacao]], [[Gloria, Oriental Mindoro|Gloria]], [[Mansalay]], [[Pinamalayan]], and [[Roxas, Oriental Mindoro|Roxas]]. However, the measure did not take off.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 1476 (11th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-1476-11th-congress-republic|access-date=January 13, 2024|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=January 13, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113032750/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-1476-11th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref> The Sangguniang Panlalawigan in 2002 passed a resolution urging the province's two representatives, Charity Leviste and Alfonso Umali, Jr., to refile the bill in the 12th Congress, but to no avail.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Resolution No. 220-2002|url=https://www.elts.com.ph/Uploads/1/ApprovedResolutions/ApprovedResolution6010.pdf|access-date=January 13, 2024|publisher=Electronic Legislative Tracking System|archive-date=January 13, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113032749/https://www.elts.com.ph/Uploads/1/ApprovedResolutions/ApprovedResolution6010.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
* '''Panguil Bay''' (1999): During the 11th Congress, [[Lanao del Norte's 1st congressional district|Lanao del Norte 1st District]] Rep. Alipio Cirilo Badelles filed House Bill No. 8049 to carve the province of Panguil Bay out of [[Lanao del Norte]]. The bill died in the committee level.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 8049 (11th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-8049-11th-congress-republic|access-date=January 13, 2024|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=January 13, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113032751/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-8049-11th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref>
* '''Bukidnon del Sur''' (2004): In November 2004, during the 13th Congress, [[Bukidnon's 3rd congressional district|Bukidnon 3rd District]] Rep. [[Migz Zubiri|Juan Miguel F. Zubiri]] filed a bill seeking to carve the new province of Bukidnon del Sur out of the province of [[Bukidnon]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 3312 (13th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3312-13th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052917/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3312-13th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref> The proposed province would have been composed of 10 southwestern and southern municipalities: [[Damulog, Bukidnon|Damulog]], [[Dangcagan, Bukidnon|Dangcagan]], [[Don Carlos, Bukidnon|Don Carlos]], [[Kadingilan, Bukidnon|Kadingilan]], [[Kalilangan, Bukidnon|Kalilangan]], [[Kibawe, Bukidnon|Kibawe]], [[Kitaotao, Bukidnon|Kitaotao]], [[Maramag, Bukidnon|Maramag]], [[Pangantucan, Bukidnon|Pangantucan]], and [[Quezon, Bukidnon|Quezon]]. The capital would have been determined by way of plebiscite had the bill passed into law.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 4834 (13th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/sites/default/files/2023-03/42393572%21.pdf|access-date=January 18, 2024|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=January 18, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118032159/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/sites/default/files/2023-03/42393572!.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> House Bill No. 4834 was unanimously approved on third reading by the House of Representatives on November 21, 2005, but it never moved past the committee level at the Senate.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 4834 (13th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4834-13th-congress-republic|access-date=January 18, 2024|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=January 18, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118035206/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4834-13th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref>
* '''Cebu del Norte''', '''Cebu del Sur''', and '''Occidental Cebu''' (2005): During the 13th Congress, the province of [[Cebu]] grappled with the so-called ''[[Sugbuak]]'' controversy. Three bills were filed in January and February 2005 by  [[Legislative districts of Cebu#2nd District|2nd District]] Rep. Simeon L. Kintanar, [[Legislative districts of Cebu#3rd District|3rd District]] Rep. Antonio P. Yapha, Jr., and [[Legislative districts of Cebu#4th District|4th District]] Clavel A. Martinez, who sought to turn their respective constituencies into the new provinces of Cebu del Sur, Occidental Cebu, and Cebu del Norte, respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 3733 (13th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3733-13th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224105830/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3733-13th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 3632 (13th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3632-13th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224105829/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3632-13th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 3657 (13th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3657-13th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224105828/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3657-13th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref> The consolidated substitute bill, House Bill No. 5721, was approved by the Committee on Local Government but was not acted upon by the Committee on Rules by the end of the 13th Congress amid strong opposition.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 5721 (13th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-5721-13th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224105827/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-5721-13th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref>
* '''Misamis North''' and '''Misamis South''' (2005): During the 13th Congress, [[Misamis Oriental's 2nd congressional district|Misamis Oriental 2nd District]] Rep. Augusto H. Baculio introduced two bills seeking to carve the provinces of Misamis North and Misamis South out of the province of [[Misamis Oriental]]. The bills died in the committee level.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 4290 (13th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4290-13th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052914/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4290-13th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 4302 (13th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4302-13th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052919/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4302-13th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref>
* '''Northwestern Samar''' (2008, 2010, 2019) {{spaced ndash}} Most recently during the 17th Congress, House Bill No. 8824 was introduced in the House of Representatives on January 22, 2019, by [[Legislative districts of Samar#1st District|1st District]] Representative [[Edgar Mary Sarmiento]] to turn his constituency into a new province called Northwestern Samar.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Charissa Luci-Atienza |date=January 22, 2019 |title=Creation of Northwestern Samar province pushed |publisher=[[Manila Bulletin]] |url=https://mb.com.ph/2019/01/22/creation-of-northwestern-samar-province-pushed/ |access-date=May 25, 2020 |archive-date=November 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107233856/https://mb.com.ph/2019/01/22/creation-of-northwestern-samar-province-pushed/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The proposed province would have consisted of the [[Calbayog|City of Calbayog]] as its capital, along with the nine municipalities of [[Almagro, Samar|Almagro]], [[Gandara, Samar|Gandara]], [[Matuguinao, Samar|Matuginao]], [[Pagsanghan, Samar|Pagsanghan]], [[San Jorge, Samar|San Jorge]], [[Santa Margarita, Samar|Santa Margarita]], [[Santo Niño, Samar|Santo Niño]], [[Tagapul-an, Samar|Tagapul-an]], and [[Tarangnan, Samar|Tarangnan]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 8824 (17th Congress)|url=https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_17/HB08824.pdf|access-date=January 18, 2024|publisher=[[Congress of the Philippines]]|archive-date=January 18, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118033116/https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_17/HB08824.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> This proposal has repeatedly died in the committee level during the 14th, 15th and 17th Congress.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 3553 (14th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3553-14th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052918/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-3553-14th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 1488 (15th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-1488-15th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052908/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-1488-15th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 8824 (17th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-8824-17th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224052920/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-8824-17th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref>
* '''Nueva Camarines''' (2011) {{spaced ndash}} On May 24, 2011, during the 15th Congress, [[Camarines Sur's 4th congressional district|Camarines Sur Fourth District]] Rep. [[Arnulfo Fuentebella]] introduced House Bill 4728, which sought to create a new province out of the [[Iriga|City of Iriga]] and 16 municipalities comprising the eastern half and the southern portion of Camarines Sur.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 4728 (15th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4728-15th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224103711/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4728-15th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref> This would have included all 10 municipalities of Fuentebella's Fourth District ([[Caramoan]], [[Garchitorena]], [[Goa, Camarines Sur|Goa]], [[Lagonoy]], [[Presentacion]], [[Sagñay]], [[San Jose, Camarines Sur|San Jose]], [[Siruma]], [[Tigaon, Camarines Sur|Tigaon]], and [[Tinambac]]) and all six municipalities of the adjacent [[Camarines Sur's 5th congressional district|Fifth District]] ([[Baao, Camarines Sur|Baao]], [[Balatan, Camarines Sur|Balatan]], [[Bato, Camarines Sur|Bato]], [[Buhi, Camarines Sur|Buhi]], [[Bula, Camarines Sur|Bula]], and [[Nabua]]). Tigaon would have been the capital of the proposed province.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 4820 (15th Congress)|url=https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/third_15/hbt4820.pdf|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Congress of the Philippines]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224103717/https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/third_15/hbt4820.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Just three months later, on August 3, 2011, the finalized measure numbered House Bill No. 4820 passed the House of Representatives of the Philippines with 229 votes in favor to one against.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 4820 (15th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4820-15th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224103710/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-4820-15th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Cynthia D. Balana |date=August 5, 2011 |title=House passes bill splitting CamSur |publisher=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/36499/house-passes-bill-splitting-camsur-2 |access-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-date=June 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613141009/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/36499/house-passes-bill-splitting-camsur-2 |url-status=live }}</ref> However, it failed to gain the concurrence of the Senate, which did not take up the controversial bill by the end of 15th Congress, following the opposition of Senators [[Joker Arroyo]], [[Antonio Trillanes|Antonio Trillanes IV]], [[Bongbong Marcos]] and [[Manny Villar]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Juan Escandor, Jr.|date=June 7, 2013|title=Nueva Camarines bill 'buried'|publisher=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]|url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/422437/nueva-camarines-bill-buried|access-date=December 24, 2023|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224103709/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/422437/nueva-camarines-bill-buried|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2015, [[Rappler]] reported: “It is widely believed here that the Fuentebellas want a new province they can rule because they had failed to win the [[Governor of Camarines Sur|governorship of Camarines Sur]] since former Governor [[Luis Villafuerte]] held the position.”<ref>{{Cite news|last=Rhadyz B. Barcia|date=October 6, 2015|title=Political realignments start in Robredo's Camarines Sur|publisher=[[Rappler]]|url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/elections/108219-political-realignments-robredo-camarines-sur/|access-date=December 24, 2023|archive-date=June 13, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613140958/https://www.rappler.com/philippines/elections/108219-political-realignments-robredo-camarines-sur/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Proposed renaming ===
* [[Southern Leyte]] to '''Leyte del Sur''' (2007) {{spaced ndash}} [[Southern Leyte's at-large congressional district|Southern Leyte Lone District]] Rep. Roger Mercado introduced bills to rename the province of [[Southern Leyte]] to Leyte del Sur, citing a desire to “enhance the identity of [the province] as geographically a part of the [[Leyte|Leyte Island]] with a distinct personality of its own” and to have the province alphabetically listed closer to the neighboring province of [[Leyte (province)|Leyte]], from which it was separated in 1959.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 6408 (17th Congress)|url=https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_17/HB06408.pdf|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Congress of the Philippines]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224112038/https://hrep-website.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/legisdocs/basic_17/HB06408.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Mercado first filed the bill in 2007,<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 1602 (14th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-1602-14th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224112038/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-1602-14th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref> and this attempt gained traction during the 14th Congress, as House Bill No. 6650 was passed by the House of Representatives on September 8, 2009, with 170 votes in its favor and none against it. The Senate, however, did not act on the measure.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 6650 (14th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-6650-14th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224112040/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-6650-14th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref> Mercado's second attempt in 2017 did not prosper, as House Bill No. 1602 died in the committee level during the 17th Congress.<ref>{{Cite web|title=House Bill No. 6408(17th Congress)|url=https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-6408-17th-congress-republic|access-date=December 24, 2023|publisher=[[Senate of the Philippines|Senate of the Philippines Legislative Digital Resources]]|archive-date=December 24, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224112039/https://issuances-library.senate.gov.ph/bills/house-bill-no-6408-17th-congress-republic|url-status=live}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of Philippine provinces by population]]
* [[List of Philippine provincial name etymologies|List of Philippine provincial etymologies]]
* [[List of Philippine provinces by Human Development Index]]
* [[List of Philippine provinces and regions by poverty rate|List of Philippine provinces by poverty rate]]
* [[List of demonyms for Philippine provinces]]
* [[ISO 3166-2:PH]]
* [[Sub-provinces of the Philippines]], a defunct group of administrative divisions in the Philippines

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist|3|refs=
<ref name="Act-49">{{Cite web |date=November 23, 1900 |title=Act No. 49 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Benguet |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/15687 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=[[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court E-Library]] |publisher=[[Philippine Commission]] |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217152954/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/15687 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-83">{{Cite web |date=February 6, 1901 |title=Act No. 83 – A General Act for the Organization of Provincial Governments in the Philippine Islands |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/15574 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217143444/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/15574 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-85">{{Cite web |date=February 13, 1901 |title=Act No. 85 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Pampanga |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/13630 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217143446/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/13630 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-86">{{Cite web |date=February 16, 1901 |title=Act No. 86 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Pangasinan |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9400 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217143450/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9400 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-87">{{Cite web |date=February 18, 1901 |title=Act No. 87 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Tarlac |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9401 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217152956/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9401 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-88">{{Cite web |date=February 27, 1901 |title=Act No. 88 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Bulacan |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9401 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217152956/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9401 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-92">{{Cite web |date=March 2, 1901 |title=Act No. 92 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Bataan |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9416 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218072029/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9416 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-103">{{Cite web |date=March 12, 1901 |title=Act No. 103 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Tayabas |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9426 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218072023/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9426 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-104">{{Cite web |date=March 16, 1901 |title=Act No. 104 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Romblon, As Therein Defined |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9427 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218072026/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9427 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-105">{{Cite web |date=March 18, 1901 |title=Act No. 105 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Masbate |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9428 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218072027/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9428 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-113">{{Cite web |date=April 11, 1901 |title=Act No. 113 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Iloilo |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9380 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075412/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9380 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-114">{{Cite web |date=April 13, 1901 |title=Act No. 114 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Antique |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9381 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075256/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9381 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-115">{{Cite web |date=April 15, 1901 |title=Act No. 115 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Capiz |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9372 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075256/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9372 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-116">{{Cite web |date=April 18, 1901 |title=Act No. 116 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act to the Province of Cebu, and Incorporating the Pueblo of San Nicolas in the Municipality of Cebu |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9373 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075303/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9373 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-117">{{Cite web |date=April 20, 1901 |title=Act No. 117 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Bohol |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9374 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075300/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9374 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-119">{{Cite web |date=April 20, 1901 |title=Act No. 119 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and the Municipal Code to the Province of Occidental Negros |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9362 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075252/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9362 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-120">{{Cite web |date=April 20, 1901 |title=Act No. 120 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and the Municipal Code to the Province of Oriental Negros |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9364 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075250/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9364 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-121">{{Cite web |date=April 22, 1901 |title=Act No. 121 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Leyte |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9366 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075247/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9366 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-122">{{Cite web |date=April 26, 1901 |title=Act No. 122 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Albay |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9367 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075302/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9367 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-123">{{Cite web |date=April 27, 1901 |title=Act No. 123 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Ambos Camarines |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9368 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075254/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9368 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-124">{{Cite web |date=April 27, 1901 |title=Act No. 124 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Sorsogon |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9370 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075252/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9370 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-125">{{Cite web |date=May 1, 1901 |title=Act No. 125 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Marinduque |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9371 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075258/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9371 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-126">{{Cite web |date=May 2, 1901 |title=Act No. 126 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Batangas |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9358 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075245/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9358 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-127">{{Cite web |date=May 15, 1901 |title=Act No. 127 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Surigao |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9359 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075305/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9359 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-128">{{Cite web |date=May 15, 1901 |title=Act No. 128 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Misamis |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9360 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218075254/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9360 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-137">{{Cite web |date=June 11, 1901 |title=Act No. 137 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Rizal |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9349 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130355/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9349 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-138">{{Cite web |date=June 11, 1901 |title=Act No. 138 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Cavite |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9347 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=June 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613140958/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9347 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-139">{{Cite web |date=June 11, 1901 |title=Act No. 139 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Civil Government for the Province of Nueva Ecija |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9342 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130357/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/9342 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-169">{{Cite web |date=July 16, 1901 |title=Act No. 169 – An Act Annexing the Island of Catanduanes to the Province of Albay |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35635 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130442/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35635 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-173">{{Cite web |date=July 17, 1901 |title=Act No. 173 – An Act Restoring the Provinces of Batangas, Cebu, and Bohol to the Executive Control of the Military Governor |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35639 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130418/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35639 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-203">{{Cite web |date=August 15, 1901 |title=Act No. 203 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Province of La Union |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21768 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130449/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21768 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-205">{{Cite web |date=August 16, 1901 |title=Act No. 205 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Province of Ilocos Sur |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35702 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130429/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35702 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-206">{{Cite web |date=August 19, 1901 |title=Act No. 206 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Province of Abra |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21771 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130401/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21771 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-207">{{Cite web |date=August 20, 1901 |title=Act No. 207 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Province of Ilocos Norte |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35703 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130404/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35703 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-209">{{Cite web |date=August 22, 1901 |title=Act No. 209 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Province of Cagayan |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21773 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130406/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21773 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-210">{{Cite web |date=August 24, 1901 |title=Act No. 210 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Province of Isabela |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35704 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130409/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/35704 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-211">{{Cite web |date=August 28, 1901 |title=Act No. 211 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Province of Zambales |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21745 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130359/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21745 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-322">{{Cite web |date=December 20, 1901 |title=Act No. 322 – An Act Repealing So Much of Act Numbered One Hundred and Seventy-three as Applies to the Province of Cebu, and Restoring That Province to the Executive Control of the Civil Governor |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36427 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130447/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36427 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-337">{{Cite web |date=January 28, 1902 |title=Act No. 337 – An Act Providing for the Organization of a Provincial Government in the Province of Nueva Viscaya [''sic''] |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/24047 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130405/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/24047 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-365">{{Cite web |date=March 3, 1902 |title=Act No. 365 – An Act Repealing So Much of Act Numbered One Hundred and Seventy-three as Applies to the Province of Bohol, and Restoring That Province to the Executive Control of the Civil Governor |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/19569 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130451/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/19569 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-410">{{Cite web |date=May 28, 1902 |title=Act No. 410 – An Act Providing for the Organization of a Provincial Government in the Territory Comprised in the Comandancias of Lepanto, Bontoc, and Amburayan, and the Territory Lying Between Abra, Cagayan, and Bontoc Not Included Within the Limits of Any Province, and Providing for Justices of the Peace in This Territory and in the Province of Nueva Vizcaya |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/32059 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130410/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/32059 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-417">{{Cite web |date=June 12, 1902 |title=Act No. 417 – An Act Annexing the Districts of Infanta and Principe and the Island of Polillo to the Province of Tayabas |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/32104 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130420/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/32104 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-419">{{Cite web |date=June 17, 1902 |title=Act No. 419 – An Act Providing for the Organization of a Provincial Government in the Province of Samar |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/32115 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130445/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/32115 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-422">{{Cite web |date=June 23, 1902 |title=Act No. 422 – An Act Providing for the Organization of a Provincial Government in the Province of Paragua, and Defining the Limits of That Province |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/14675 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130444/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/14675 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-423">{{Cite web |date=June 23, 1902 |title=Act No. 423 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Island of Mindoro and Incorporating That Island with the Province of Marinduque |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/18716 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130408/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/18716 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-424">{{Cite web |date=July 1, 1902 |title=Act No. 424 – An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Province of La Laguna |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/18723 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130403/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/18723 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-499">{{Cite web |date=November 10, 1902 |title=Act No. 499 – An Act Annexing the Province of Marinduque to the Province of Tayabas, Amending Act Numbered One Hundred and Three, Entitled "An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act to the Province of Tayabas," and Repealing Act Numbered One Hundred and Twenty-five and All Amendments Thereto |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36997 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130411/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36997 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-500">{{Cite web |date=November 10, 1902 |title=Act No. 500 – An Act Providing for the Organization of a Provincial Government in the Island of Mindoro, Defining the Limits of That Province, and Repealing Act Numbered Four Hundred and Twenty-three, Entitled "An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Island of Mindoro and Incorporating That Island with the Province of Marinduque" |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/37001 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130422/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/37001 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-747">{{Cite web |date=May 14, 1903 |title=Act No. 747 – An Act to Amend Act Numbered Pour Hundred and Twenty-two, as Amended, by Defining New Limits for the Province of Paragua, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/34489 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130435/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/34489 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-768">{{Cite web |date=May 26, 1903 |title=Act No. 768 – An Act Fixing the Boundary Line Between the Subprovinces of Amburayan and Lepanto and the Province of Benguet, and Adding the Territory Comprised in the Former Comandancia of Kayapa to the Latter Province |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/34584 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130401/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/34584 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-787">{{Cite web |date=June 1, 1903 |title=Act No. 787 – An Act Providing for the Organization and Government of the Moro Province |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/37265 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130437/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/37265 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1306">{{Cite web |date=February 28, 1905 |title=Act No. 1306 – An Act Annexing the Province of Abra to the Province of Ilocos Sur, Making Appropriation for the Payment of Certain Outstanding Liabilities of the Province of Abra and Providing for the Establishment of Civil Governments in the Settlements of Non-Christian Tribes in the Province of Ilocos Sur |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/17458 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130416/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/17458 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1331">{{Cite web |date=April 19, 1905 |title=Act No. 1331 – An Act to Amend Act Numbered One Hundred and Sixty-nine, Entitled "An Act Annexing the Island of Catanduanes to the Province of Albay," so as to Create the Subprovince of Catanduanes of the Province of Albay |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/17003 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130424/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/17003 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1363">{{Cite web |date=June 28, 1905 |title=Act No. 1363 – An Act Changing the Name of the Province and Island of Paragua to That of Palawan |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/16663 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130414/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/16663 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1413">{{Cite web |date=November 23, 1905 |title=Act No. 1413 – An Act Annexing the Province of Masbate to the Province of Sorsogon, and Amending Act Numbered Seventy-four, as Amended by Making the Provinces of Albay and Sorsogon Separate School Divisions, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/15946 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130424/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/15946 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1642">{{Cite web |date=May 9, 1907 |title=Act No. 1642 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of Two Subprovinoes to Be Known as the Subprovince of Kalinga and the Subprovince of Apayao |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/19423 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130419/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/19423 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1649">{{Cite web |date=May 17, 1907 |title=Act No. 1649 – An Act Declaring All of the Territory Comprised in the Island of Marinduque a Subprovince of Tayabas, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/19423 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130419/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/19423 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1665">{{Cite web |date=July 2, 1907 |title=Act No. 1665 – An Act to Annex the Province of Romblon to the Province of Capiz |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/19046 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130426/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/19046 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1693">{{Cite web |date=August 20, 1907 |title=Act No. 1693 – An Act Creating the Province of Agusan and the Sub-provinces of Butuan, Bukidnon and Batanes, Empowering the Provincial Board of Cagayan to Apply the Provisions of "the Township Government Act" to the Municipalities and Settlements of the Babuyanes Islands, and Providing That the Salaries of the Lieutenant-Governor of the Sub-province of Apayao and of Any Duly Authorized Employees of Said Sub-province Shall Be Payable From Insular Funds |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/17416 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130413/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/17416 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1753">{{Cite web |date=October 8, 1907 |title=Act No. 1753 – An Act Declaring All of the Territory Comprised in the Island of Siquijor a Subprovince of Oriental Negros, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/16057 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130415/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/16057 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1876">{{Cite web |date=August 18, 1908 |title=Act No. 1876 – An Act Providing for the Establishment of a Province to Be Known as the Mountain Province, for the Establishment of a Prison at Bontoc for Non-Christian Criminals, Changing the Boundaries of the Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Amending Act Numbered Eight Hundred and Sixty-seven, as Amended, by Changing the Boundaries of the Mountain Judicial District and the Times and Places of Holding Courts of First Instance in the Said District, Providing for Participation by the Mountain Province in the Distribution of Internal-revenue Collections, and Repealing All Acts or Parts of Acts Inconsistent with This Act |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/13555 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130453/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/13555 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-1952">{{Cite web |date=May 20, 1909 |title=Act No. 1952 – An Act to Provide for the Establishment of the Province of Batanes; to Amend Paragraph Seven of Section Sixty-eight of Act Numbered Eleven Hundred and Eighty-nine in Certain Particulars; to Authorize the Provincial Board of the Province of Batanes, with the Approval of the Governor-General, to Extend the Time for the Payment Without Penalty of Taxes and Licenses; to Amend Section Five of Act Numbered Fifteen Hundred and Eighty-two, Entitled "the Election Law," by Increasing the Number of Delegates to the Philippine Assembly to Eighty-one, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/13145 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=[[Philippine Legislature]] |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130422/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/13145 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-2309">{{Cite web |date=December 20, 1913 |title=Act No. 2309 – An Act Changing the Name of the Moro Province to the Department of Mindanao and Sulu, Placing the Province of Agusan Under the Jurisdiction and Control of the Governor of the Said Department, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/34530 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130412/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/34530 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-2408">{{Cite web |date=July 23, 1914 |title=Act No. 2408 – An Act Providing a Temporary Form of Government for the Territory Known as the Department of Mindanao and Sulu, Making Applicable Thereto, with Certain Exceptions, the Provisions of General Laws Now in Force in the Philippine Islands, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/16926 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Commission |archive-date=June 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613141038/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/16926 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-2683">{{Cite web |date=March 9, 1917 |title=Act No. 2683 – An Act to Authorize the Segregation of the Subprovince of Abra From the Province of Ilocos Sur and the Reestablishment of the Former Province of Abra, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/33305 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Legislature |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130431/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/33305 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-2724">{{Cite web |date=December 7, 1917 |title=Act No. 2724 – An Act Authorizing the Separation of the Subprovince of Romblon From the Province of Capiz and the Reestablishment of the Former Province of Romblon, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/33662 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Legislature |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130420/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/33662 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-2809">{{Cite web |date=March 3, 1919 |title=Act No. 2809 – An Act to Authorize the Segregation of Camarines Norte From the Province of Ambos Camarines and Re-establishment of the Former Province of Camarines Norte, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/34350 |access-date=February 18, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Legislature |archive-date=February 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218130440/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/34350 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-2877">{{Cite web |date=February 4, 1920 |title=Act No. 2877 – An Act to Modify and Establish the Boundary Line Between the Mountain Province and the Provinces of Ilocos Sur and La Union |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36130 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Legislature |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145128/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36130 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-2880">{{Cite web |date=January 21, 1920 |title=Act No. 2880 – An Act Authorizing the Separation of the Subprovince of Marindnaque [''sic''] From the Province of Tayabas and the Reestablishment of the Former Province of Marinduque, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36134 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Legislature |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145124/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36134 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-2934">{{Cite web |date=December 15, 1920 |title=Act No. 2934 – An Act Authorizing the Separation of the Subprovinee [''sic''] of Masbate From the Province of Sorsogon and the Reestablishment of the Former Province of Masbate, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36174 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Legislature |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145124/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/36174 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-3117">{{Cite web |date=March 27, 1923 |title=Act No. 3117 – An Act to Provide for the Division of the Province of Leyte into Two Provinces Independent From Each Other, Fix the Boundaries of Each, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/20768 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Legislature |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145128/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/20768 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-3537">{{Cite web |date=November 2, 1929 |title=Act No. 3537 – An Act to Create the Provinces of Oriental Misamis and Occidental Misamis; Establish the Boundaries Thereof; Assign One Representative to Each Province; and Repeal Act Numbered Thirty-three Hundred and Fifty-four, and for Other Purposes |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/54514 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Legislature |archive-date=April 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417160032/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/54514/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Act-3777">{{Cite web |date=November 28, 1930 |title=Act No. 3777 – An Act to Amend the Second Paragraph of Section One of Act Numbered Thirty-five Hundred and Thirty-seven, Entitled "An Act to Create the Provinces of Oriental Misamis and Occidental Misamis, etc." |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21960 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Philippine Legislature |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145126/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/21960 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="CA-581">{{Cite web |date=June 8, 1940 |title=Commonwealth Act No. 581 – An Act Abolishing the Existing Municipal Governments and the Provincial Government of Romblon, and Cheating Instead Four Special Municipalities |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/29/36613 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=[[National Assembly of the Philippines]] |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145134/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/29/36613 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="EO-400-s-1942">{{Cite web |date=January 1, 1942 |title=Executive Order No. 400 – Creating the City of Greater Manila |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/5/84503 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=[[President of the Philippines]] |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145132/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/5/84503 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="OfficialGazetteVol1">{{Cite journal |year=1942 |title=Official Gazette |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mf4qAQAAMAAJ |journal=Official Gazette - Republic of the Philippines |publisher=[[Philippine Executive Commission]] |publication-place=Manila, Philippines |volume=1 |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Mf4qAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA428 428–430], [https://books.google.com/books?id=Mf4qAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA447 447–448], and [https://books.google.com/books?id=Mf4qAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA753 753] |issn=0115-0421 |access-date=February 21, 2022}}</ref>

<ref name="EO-58-s-1945">{{Cite web |date=July 26, 1945 |title=Executive Order No. 58 – Reducing the Territory of the City of Greater Manila |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/5/76937 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=[[President of the Philippines]] |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145130/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/5/76937 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="CA-687">{{Cite web |date=September 26, 1945 |title=Commonwealth Act No. 687 – An Act Authorizing the Separation of the Subprovince of Catanduanes From the Province of Albay and Its Establishment as an Independent Province |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/29/35350 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=[[Congress of the Philippines]] |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145126/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/29/35350 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-14">{{Cite web |date=September 7, 1946 |title=Republic Act No. 14 – An Act to Change the Name of the Province of Tayabas to Quezon |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/9463 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145130/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/9463 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-38">{{Cite web |date=October 1, 1946 |title=Republic Act No. 38 – An Act Repealing Commonwealth Act Numbered Five Hundred and Eighty-one, Entitled "An Act Abolishing the Existing Municipal Governments and the Provincial Government of Romblon, and Creating Instead Four Special Municipalities," Restoring the Regular Provincial Government and Municipalities of the Province of Romblon, and Creating the Municipality of Santa Fe |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/11421 |access-date=February 21, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=February 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221145132/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/11421 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-505">{{Cite web |date=June 13, 1950 |title=Republic Act No. 505 – An Act to Create the Provinces of Oriental Mindoro and Occidental Mindoro |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/12562 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110121/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/12562 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-648">{{Cite web |date=June 14, 1951 |title=Republic Act No. 648 – An Act Creating the Subprovince of Aurora, Which Shall Comprise the Municipalities of Baler, Casiguran, Dipaculao and Maria Aurora, Province of Quezon |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/14393 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110203/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/14393 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-711">{{Cite web |date=June 6, 1952 |title=Republic Act No. 711 – An Act to Create the Provinces of Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/11711 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110207/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/11711 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-1414">{{Cite web |date=April 25, 1956 |title=Republic Act No. 1414 – An Act to Create the Province of Aklan |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/25561 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110159/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/25561 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-2021">{{Cite web |date=June 22, 1957 |title=Republic Act No. 2021 – An Act Creating the Subprovince of Camiguin in the Province of Misamis Oriental |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/10801 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110117/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/10801 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-2141">{{Cite web |date=April 8, 1959 |title=Republic Act No. 2141 – An Act Creating the Sub-province of Biliran |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/11513 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110123/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/11513 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-2228">{{Cite web |date=May 22, 1959 |title=Republic Act No. 2228 – An Act to Create the Provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/13574 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=June 13, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240613142500/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/13574 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-2227">{{Cite web |date=May 22, 1959 |title=Republic Act No. 2227 – An Act Creating the Province of Southern Leyte |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/13572 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110122/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/13572 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-2786">{{Cite web |date=June 19, 1960 |title=Republic Act No. 2786 – An Act to Create the Provinces of Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/21345 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110205/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/21345 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-4221">{{Cite web |date=June 19, 1965 |title=Republic Act No. 4221 – An Act Creating the Provinces of Northern Samar, Eastern Samar and Western Samar |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/6619 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110158/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/6619 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-4667">{{Cite web |date=June 18, 1966 |title=Republic Act No. 4667 – An Act Creating the Subprovince of Guimaras in the Province of Iloilo |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/1346 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110120/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/1346 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-4669">{{Cite web |date=June 18, 1966 |title=Republic Act No. 4669 – An Act Separating the Subprovince of Camiguin From the Province of Misamis Oriental and Establishing It as an Independent Province |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/6798 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110119/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/6798 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-4695">{{Cite web |date=June 18, 1966 |title=Republic Act No. 4695 – An Act Creating the Provinces of Benguet, Mountain Province, Ifugao and Kalinga-Apayao |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/7121 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110200/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/7121 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-4734">{{Cite web |date=June 18, 1966 |title=Republic Act No. 4734 – An Act Creating the Subprovince of Quirino in the Province of Nueva Vizcaya |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/23005 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110206/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/23005 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-4849">{{Cite web |date=July 18, 1966 |title=Republic Act No. 4849 – An Act Creating the Province of South Cotabato |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getdoc&DocId=15985&Index=%2A9b8c493322d6ea4e01a8b64cca8b398a |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110124/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/dtSearch/dtisapi6.dll?cmd=getdoc&DocId=15985&Index=*9b8c493322d6ea4e01a8b64cca8b398a |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-4867">{{Cite web |date=May 8, 1967 |title=Republic Act No. 4867 – An Act Creating the Provinces of Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur and Davao Oriental |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/6620 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322111330/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/6620 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-4979">{{Cite web |date=June 17, 1967 |title=Republic Act No. 4979 – An Act Creating the Provinces of Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/20546 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110202/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/20546 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-5650">{{Cite web |date=June 21, 1969 |title=Republic Act No. 5650 – An Act Changing the Name of the Province of Western Samar to Samar |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/7606 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220322110204/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/7606 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="RA-5999">{{Cite web |date=August 4, 1969 |title=Republic Act No. 5999 – An Act Creating the Sub-province of Samal in the Province of Davao |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/17899 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |website=Supreme Court E-Library |publisher=Congress of the Philippines |archive-date=September 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902070550/https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/17899 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/default.asp Philippine Standard Geographic Code Interactive], National Statistical Coordination Board
* [https://psa.gov.ph/content/2010-census-population-and-housing-reveals-philippine-population-9234-million The 2010 Census of Population and Housing Reveals the Philippine Population at 92.34 Million], Philippine Statistics Authority, Republic of the Philippines
* [http://www.statoids.com/uph.html Provinces of the Philippines], Gwillim Law, Statoids.com
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110805063848/http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/ph_prov.html Flags of the World{{spaced ndash}}Philippines Provincial Flags]

{{Philippines political divisions}}
{{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries}}
{{Philippines topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Provinces Of The Philippines}}
[[Category:Administrative divisions in Asia|Philippines 2]]
[[Category:First-level administrative divisions by country|Provinces, Philippines]]
[[Category:Lists of provinces of the Philippines| ]]
[[Category:Lists of subdivisions of the Philippines|Provinces]]
[[Category:Provinces of the Philippines| ]]
[[Category:Subdivisions of the Philippines]]