33rd G8 summit

2025-03-09T18:03:58Z

8.9.85.7: /* Leaders at the summit */

{{Short description|2007 international leaders meeting}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox summit
| summit_name = 33rd G8 Summit
| logo = Heiligendamm G8 2007.png
| image = A Group photo of Leaders of G-8, Outreach five countries and Africa Outreach countries at G 8 Summit in Heiligendamm, Germany on June 08, 2007.jpg
| caption = Group photo of the leaders of the G8 and outreach countries
| country = Germany
| dates = 6–8 June 2007
| follows = [[32nd G8 summit]]
| precedes = [[34th G8 summit]]
}}

The '''33rd G8 summit''' was held at [[Grand Hotel Heiligendamm|Kempinski Grand Hotel]], 6–8 June 2007. The summit took place in [[Heiligendamm]] in the Northern German state of [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]] on the Baltic Coast.<ref>Bradley, Kimberly. [http://travel.nytimes.com/2007/06/03/travel/03surfacing.html?scp=1&sq=Heiligendamm%20&st=cse "A Spa Town Reclaims Its Glory,"] ''New York Times.'' 3 June 2007.</ref> The locations of previous G7 / G8 summits to have been hosted by Germany include [[Bonn]] ([[4th G7 summit|1978]], [[11th G7 summit|1985]]), [[Munich]] ([[18th G7 summit|1992]]), and [[Cologne]] ([[25th G8 summit|1999]]).

==Overview==
The [[G8#History|Group of Seven]] (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada starting in 1976. The [[G8]], meeting for the first time in 1997, was formed with the addition of Russia.<ref name="saunders1">Saunders, Doug. [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080704.wG8-analysis05/BNStory/International/columnists "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders,"] ''Globe and Mail'' (Toronto). 5 July 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011063004/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080704.wG8-analysis05/BNStory/International/columnists |date=11 October 2008 }}</ref> In addition, the [[President of the European Commission]] has been formally included in summits since 1981.<ref name="reuters_what">Reuters: [https://web.archive.org/web/20081023185037/http://uk.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUKB26280520080703?sp=true "Factbox: The Group of Eight: what is it?"], 3 July 2008.</ref> The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's president [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]] and West Germany's chancellor [[Helmut Schmidt]] as they conceived the [[1st G6 summit|initial summit]] of the [[G8#History|Group of Six]] (G6) in 1975.<ref name = "reinalda205">{{cite book| author = Bob Reinalda| title = Autonomous policy making by international organizations| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0OFrRrmBBXkC&pg=PA205| year = 1998| publisher = Psychology Press| isbn = 978-0-415-16486-3| page = 205 }}</ref>

The G8 summits during the 21st century have inspired widespread debates, protests and demonstrations; and the two- or three-day event becomes more than the sum of its parts, elevating the participants, the issues and the venue as focal points for activist pressure.<ref name="bond1">[http://www.bond.org.uk/pages/g8.html "Influencing Policy on International Development: G8,"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513215909/http://www.bond.org.uk/pages/g8.html |date=13 May 2012 }} BOND (British Overseas NGOs for Development). 2008.</ref>

==Leaders at the summit==
[[File:Teilnehmer G8 2007.jpg|thumb|G8 leaders sitting in a ''[[Strandkorb]]'' at [[Grand Hotel Heiligendamm]]]]
The G8 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.<ref name="reuters_what"/>

The 33rd G8 summit was the first summit for [[President of France|French President]] [[Nicolas Sarkozy]]. It was also the last for [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] [[Tony Blair]] and [[Prime Minister of Italy|Italian Prime Minister]] [[Romano Prodi]]

===Participants===
These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:<ref>Rieffel, Lex. [http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV),"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx |date=3 June 2010 }} Brookings. 27 March 2009; [http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ "core" members (Muskoka 2010 G-8, official site).] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ |date=3 June 2010 }}</ref><ref name="delegations">[http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2007heiligendamm/delegations.html 2006 St. Petersburgh G-8, delegations.]</ref><ref name="eu">http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2006stpetersburg/delegations.html 2006 St. Petersburgh G-8, delegations;] [http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php "EU and the G8"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070226165606/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php |date=26 February 2007 }}</ref>


{| class="wikitable"
|-
|colspan="4" style="text-align: center; background:Gainsboro" |'''[[G8|Core G8 members]]''' Host state and leader are shown in bold text.
|- style="background:LightSteelBlue; text-align:center;"
! colspan=2 | Member

! Represented by
! Title
|-
! {{flagicon|CAN}}
| [[Canada]]
| [[Stephen Harper]]
| [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]]
|-
! {{flagicon|FRA|1974}}
| [[France]]
| [[Nicolas Sarkozy]]
| [[President of France|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Germany}}
| '''[[Germany]]'''
| '''[[Angela Merkel]]'''
| '''[[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]]'''
|-
! {{flagicon|Italy}}
| [[Italy]]
| [[Romano Prodi]]
| [[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Japan}}
| [[Japan]]
| [[Shinzō Abe]]
| [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Russia}}
| [[Russia]]
| [[Vladimir Putin]]
| [[President of Russia|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|UK}}
| [[United Kingdom]]
| [[Tony Blair]]
| [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]
|-
! {{flagicon|US}}
| [[United States]]
| [[George W. Bush]]
| [[President of the United States|President]]
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|European Union}}
| rowspan="2" | [[European Union]]
| [[José Manuel Barroso]]
| [[President of the European Commission|Commission President]]
|-
| '''Angela Merkel'''
| [[President of the European Council|Council President]]
|-
|colspan="4" style="text-align: center; background:Gainsboro" |'''Guest Invitees (Countries)''' 
|- style="background:LightSteelBlue; text-align:center;"
! colspan=2 | Member
! Represented by
! Title
|-
! {{flagicon|Algeria}}
| [[Algeria]]
| [[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]]
| [[President of Algeria|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Brazil}}
| [[Brazil]]
| [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]]
| [[President of Brazil|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|China}}
| [[China]]
| [[Hu Jintao]]
| [[President of the People's Republic of China|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Ethiopia|1996}}
| [[Ethiopia]]
| [[Meles Zenawi]]
| [[Prime Minister of Ethiopia|Prime Minister]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Ghana}}
| [[Ghana]]
| [[John Kufuor]]
| [[President of Ghana|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|India}}
| [[India]]
| [[Manmohan Singh]]
| [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Mexico}}
| [[Mexico]]
| [[Felipe Calderón]]
| [[President of Mexico|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Nigeria}}
| [[Nigeria]]
| [[Umaru Musa Yar'Adua]]
| [[President of Nigeria|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Senegal}}
| [[Senegal]]
| [[Abdoulaye Wade]]
| [[List of presidents of Senegal|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|South Africa}}
| [[South Africa]]
| [[Thabo Mbeki]]
| [[President of South Africa|President]]
|-
|colspan="4" style="text-align: center; background:Gainsboro" |'''Guest Invitees (International Institutions)''' 
|- style="background:LightSteelBlue; text-align:center;"
! colspan=2 | Member
! Represented by
! Title
|-
! rowspan="2" | {{flagicon image|Flag of the African Union.svg}}
| rowspan="2" | [[African Union]]
| [[John Kufuor]]
| [[Chairperson of the African Union Commission|Commission Chairman]]
|-
| [[Alpha Oumar Konaré]]
| [[Chairperson of the African Union|Chairperson]]
|-
! {{flagicon|CIS}}
| [[Commonwealth of Independent States]]
| [[Nursultan Nazarbayev]]
| [[Commonwealth of Independent States#General Secretary|Executive Secretary]]
|-
! {{flagicon|International Atomic Energy Agency}}
| [[International Atomic Energy Agency]]
| [[Mohamed ElBaradei]]
| [[International Atomic Energy Agency#List of Directors General|Director General]]
|-
! {{flagicon|United Nations}}
| [[United Nations]]
| [[Ban Ki-moon]]
| [[Secretary-General of the United Nations|Secretary-General]]
|-
! {{flagicon|UNESCO}}
| [[UNESCO]]
| [[Kōichirō Matsuura]]
| [[UNESCO#Director-General|Director-General]]
|-
! {{flagicon image|World Bank logo.svg}}
| [[World Bank]]
| [[Paul Wolfowitz]]
| [[World Bank#Leadership|President]]
|-
! {{flagicon|WHO}}
| [[World Health Organization]]
| [[Margaret Chan]]
| [[Director-General of the World Health Organization|Director-General]]
|-
!
| [[World Trade Organization]]
| [[Pascal Lamy]]
| [[Director-General of the World Trade Organization|Director-General]]
|}

==Priorities==
[[File:Heiligendamm Zaun G8 Schleuse.jpg|thumb|right|The Heiligendamm security fence was designed not to fail.]]
Traditionally, the host country of the G8 summit sets the agenda for negotiations, which take place primarily amongst multi-national civil servants in the weeks before the summit itself, leading to a joint declaration which all countries can agree to sign.<ref>G8 Information Centre: [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/evaluations/2007heiligendamm/2007agenda.html Prospective agenda]</ref> In any event, security for the world leaders and for the venue remained a high priority throughout.

==Issues==
The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions.<ref name="reinalda205"/> The G8's traditional focus on macroeconomic issues and trade continued to be important, but this core was augmented by an expanded focus on the environment, meeting Millennium Development Goals and cross-border security issues like terrorism. Trans-national crime also remained in the forefront of summit issues.<ref>McLean, Iain ''et al.'' (2009). {{Google books|KQXLgP6CZBkC|''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics,'' p. 217.|page=217}}</ref>

==Schedule and agenda==
At the end of the [[32nd G8 summit]] in Russia, [[Chancellor of Germany|German Chancellor]] [[Angela Merkel]] reported that the agenda of the G8 summit in 2007 had not been determined, but "the struggle against poverty across the globe will be a priority."<ref name="g8-32-end" />

According to the official German Presidency website, the summit's motto was "Growth and Responsibility", focusing on "Investition, [[Innovation]] und Nachhaltigkeit (Investment, Innovation and [[Sustainability]])", and "Africa: good governance, sustainable investment, peace and security".<ref>[http://www.g-8.de/Webs/G8/EN/Agenda/agenda.html Official Agenda], g-8.de</ref> [[Transparency (market)|Transparency]] of the financial markets, intellectual property and [[Efficient energy use|energy efficiency]] will also be on the agenda, as well as talks about [[climate change]].

On 13 April 2007, [[Oil Change International]] released a reported leaked draft of the economic communique.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://priceofoil.org/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/Draft%20G8%20Feb%202007%20Version.pdf |title=G8 Summit declarations }} {{small|(638 [[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, draft of February 2007</ref> The G8 financial ministers began pre-summit meetings on 30 May 2007.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6703105.stm "Ministers in talks for G8 summit"], ''BBC News'', 30 May 2007</ref>

==Protests and demonstrations==
[[File:G82007LeadersBigheads.jpg|thumb|left|Campaign stunt before the summit by [[Oxfam|Oxfam International]]]]
[[File:Boarded up shops, Rostock, Germany, before G8 summit 2007.jpg|thumb|Expecting violent protests, shop owners in [[Rostock]] boarded up their shops.]]
[[File:SSL13116.JPG|thumb|left|Watercannon in operation during the 2 June protests in [[Rostock]]]]
As with all recent G8 summits, the event drew large protests, part of the [[anti-globalization movement]]. The main demonstration took place 2 June 2007 in the nearby city of [[Rostock]] and was the starting event for a week of protests and blockades. Organizers spoke of up to 80,000 participants, while police put the figure at an estimated 25,000.<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,486307,00.html "An Orgy of Violence as G8 Approaches; German City Rocked by Violent Riots,"] ''Der Spiegel.'' 2 June 2007.</ref> Towards the end of the 2 June protest, violent clashes occurred between protesters and the police, essentially limited to a small area at the harbor. Initially, these drew wide media overstatement, with initial reports claiming nearly 1000 people injured (433 German police officers, 30–33 of them requiring hospitalisation,<ref>[http://de.news.yahoo.com/03062007/286/politik-zahl-verletzten-polizisten-rostock-433-gestiegen.html Yahoo.de News: ''Zahl der verletzten Polizisten in Rostock auf 433 gestiegen''] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515071346/http://de.news.yahoo.com/03062007/286/politik-zahl-verletzten-polizisten-rostock-433-gestiegen.html |date=15 May 2011 }}</ref> and 520 protesters, 20 requiring hospitalisation<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://de.news.yahoo.com/03062007/3/organisatoren-zaehlen-520-verletzte-demonstranten-krawallen.html |title=Yahoo.de News: ''Organisatoren zählen 520 verletzte Demonstranten nach Krawallen'' |access-date=4 June 2007 |archive-date=9 June 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609193803/http://de.news.yahoo.com/03062007/3/organisatoren-zaehlen-520-verletzte-demonstranten-krawallen.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>). Later, these figures were disputed.<ref>[http://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/g8-gipfel/rostock-krawalle_aid_62405.html Focus online: ''Rostock-Krawalle: Zahl der Verletzten zweifelhaft'']</ref> According to police estimates, 2,000 [[Autonomism|autonomists]] led the riots, setting fire to a total of 3 cars and setting up makeshift barricades; many peaceful protesters fled the action and ensuing police response in panic.<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,486307,00.html German city rocked by violent riots – SPIEGEL.de international edition]</ref> Over 1,000 protesters were detained, and nine of them were tried and condemned during the summit.<ref name="EDL">[[European Democratic Lawyers]] (EDL): [http://www.statewatch.org/news/2007/jun/g8-edl-statement.pdf Press statement (in English)]</ref> Hundreds were expelled.<ref name=EDL/> According to the [[European Democratic Lawyers]] NGO:
<blockquote>The evidence collected in this manner was absolutely inconsistent and as previously noted everybody detained was released after brief periods of time. In fact it all amounts to an illegal system of mass-indexing and psychological terrorism. The police were aware that the judicial authority would not have confirmed these arrests but proceeded equally with a different objective. The aim was not to arrest presumed offenders but the indexing of a great number of demonstrators, the psychological intimidation of the protesters and the creation of false records to be used in other occasions.<ref name=EDL/></blockquote>

A protest also occurred on 2 June 2007 on the river bank opposite the [[Palace of Westminster|Houses of Parliament]] in London, principally a reminder of the G8's previous (and, as the protestors saw them, unfulfilled) promises on debt relief, entitled "G8 – The World Can't Wait" and "Wake Up To Poverty". It was a static protest, with small marches converging on in from [[Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Lambeth|Lambeth Park]] and [[Methodist Central Hall, Westminster|Methodist Central Hall]], on a route starting at the foot of [[Victoria Tower]], along the riverbank of [[Victoria Tower Gardens]], the north side of [[Lambeth Bridge]], and the southern riverbank opposite Parliament as far as (but not including) [[Westminster Bridge]]. This principally involved the protesters setting off alarm clocks at 2 pm as a "wakeup call" to the G8, and passed without incident.<ref>[http://www.yourvoiceagainstpoverty.org.uk/come-to-london "Wakeup call" demonstration] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070604191639/http://www.yourvoiceagainstpoverty.org.uk/come-to-london |date=4 June 2007 }}</ref>

==Accomplishments==
[[File:33rdG8Leaders.jpg|thumb|300px|G8 "family photo" at the Heiligendamm summit. Left to right: Prime Minister [[Stephen Harper]] of Canada; Prime Minister [[Tony Blair]] of the United Kingdom; [[José Manuel Barroso|José Manuel Durão Barroso]], President of the European Commission; President [[Nicolas Sarkozy]] of France; President [[Vladimir Putin]] of Russia; Prime Minister [[Shinzo Abe]] of Japan; Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]] of Germany; Prime Minister [[Romano Prodi]] of Italy, and President [[George W. Bush]] of the United States]]
The G8 summit is an international event which is observed and reported by news media, but the G8's continuing relevance after more than 30 years is somewhat unclear.<ref>Lee, Don. [http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/asection/la-fg-summit6-2008jul06,0,2282497.story "On eve of summit, G-8's relevance is unclear,"] ''Los Angeles Times.'' 6 July 2008. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803055425/http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/asection/la-fg-summit6-2008jul06%2C0%2C2282497.story |date=3 August 2008 }}</ref> More than one analyst suggests that a G8 summit is not the place to flesh out the details of any difficult or controversial policy issue in the context of a three-day event. Rather, the meeting offers an opportunity to bring a range of complex and sometimes inter-related issues. The G8 summit brings leaders together "not so they can dream up quick fixes, but to talk and think about them together."<ref name="g8-32-end">
{{cite web|url=http://en.g8russia.ru/news/20060717/1250596.html|title=German Chancellor holds news conference on results of G8 summit|date=17 July 2006|access-date=19 July 2006|publisher=G8Russia}}
</ref><ref name="feldman1">Feldman, Adam. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080803031809/http://www.forbes.com/opinions/2008/07/05/problems-unity-progress-oped-cx_af_summit08_0707feldman.html "What's Wrong With The G-8,"] ''Forbes'' (New York). 7 July 2008. </ref>

===Global warming===
{{See also|Post–Kyoto Protocol negotiations on greenhouse gas emissions}}
In a non-binding [[Press release|communiqué]] issued on Thursday 7 June, it was announced that the G8 nations would 'aim to at least halve global [[Greenhouse gas emissions|CO2 emissions]] by 2050'. The details which would enable this salutatory goal to be achieved were left to be negotiated.<ref>[[Mark Landler]] and [[Judy Dempsey]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/08/world/europe/08climate.html?scp=3&sq=Heiligendamm%20&st=cse "U.S. Compromise on Global Warming Plan Averts Impasse at Group of 8 Meeting,"] ''New York Times.'' 8 June 2007.</ref>

It was anticipated that the G8 Environment ministers would work together within the [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]] in a process that would also include the major [[Emerging market|emerging economies]]. Groups of countries would also be able to reach additional agreements on achieving the goal outside and in parallel with the United Nations process.<ref name="G8ClimateProtection">[http://www.g-8.de/nn_92160/Content/EN/Artikel/__g8-summit/2007-06-07-g8-klimaschutz__en.html Breakthrough on climate protection], '' G8 Summit 2007 Heiligendamm'', published 7 June 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2007.</ref>

The G8 also announced their desire to use the proceeds from the [[Emissions trading|auction of emission rights]] and other financial tools to support [[Mitigation of global warming|climate protection projects]] in [[Developing country|developing countries]].<ref name="G8ClimateProtection"/>

The agreement was welcomed by British Prime Minister [[Tony Blair]] as 'a major, major step forward'.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070611212444/http://www.guardian.co.uk/uklatest/story/0%2C%2C-6691506%2C00.html PM hails G8 climate change step] ''[[The Guardian|Guardian Unlimited]]'', published 7 June 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2015.</ref> French President [[Nicolas Sarkozy]] would have preferred a binding figure for emissions reduction to have been set.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070610224513/http://www.forbes.com/markets/feeds/afx/2007/06/07/afx3799654.html Sarkozy says would have preferred climate change target to be binding], ''[[Forbes]]'', published 7 June 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2015.</ref> This was apparently blocked by US President [[George W. Bush]] until the other major [[List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions|greenhouse gas emitting countries]], like India and China, make similar commitments.<ref>[http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L07182869.htm G8 leaders agree "substantial" greenhouse gas cuts], ''[[Reuters]]'', published 7 June 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2007.</ref>

===Missile defence system===
[[File:Bush Merkel G8 summit 2007 white house.jpg|thumb|left|130px|US president [[George W. Bush]] and German chancellor [[Angela Merkel]] at the summit.]]
En route to the summit, Bush attempted to assuage Russian concerns over US plans to construct a [[United States missile defense complex in Poland|missile defense complex in Poland]] and the Czech Republic with remarks appearing to invite Russian participation in the project. At the summit, Russian President Vladimir Putin responded by suggesting that the [[radar|radar installments]] for the proposed missile defence system be placed in [[Azerbaijan]]. Bush, in turn, responded by describing Putin's ideas as "an interesting suggestion".

===G8+5 institutionalisation===
Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]] announced the establishment of the "[[Heiligendamm Process]]" through which the full institutionalisation of the permanent dialogue between the G8 countries and the 5 greatest emerging economies will be implemented.

This process puts an end to the enlargement debate of the G8 into a hypothetical G9, G11, etc. since Merkel declared "The objective is the cohesion of all these countries into a single group which will be called [[G8+5]]".

===Infrastructure Consortium for Africa===
The [[Infrastructure Consortium for Africa]] (ICA) was established at the [[31st G8 summit]] at [[:Gleneagles, Scotland]] in the United Kingdom in 2005. Since that time, the ICA's annual meeting is traditionally hosted by the country holding the Presidency of the G8—in Russia in 2007.<ref name="afrol1">[http://www.afrol.com/articles/32569 "Meeting to Discuss Crisis Impact in Africa's Infrastructure Development,"] ''Afrol News.'' 2 March 2009.</ref>

===Controversial video of Sarkozy===
Contrary to French TV, the Belgian TV network diffused a video of Sarkozy who appeared to be drunk after a chat with Putin.<ref>[http://www.lemonde.fr/web/recherche_breve/1,13-0,37-993348,0.html The Controversial Video of Sarkozy in the G8] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716073325/http://www.lemonde.fr/web/recherche_breve/1,13-0,37-993348,0.html |date=16 July 2007 }}, ''[[Le Monde]]'', 10 June 2007 (with links to the video)</ref>

===Possible poisoning of American delegation===
In her written memoirs, former US First Lady [[Laura Bush]] suggests that members of the United States delegation, including President and Mrs. Bush, may have been poisoned while at the summit.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/apr/28/laura-bush-memoir-poison-plot Laura Bush memoir claims president was poisoned at G8 summit], ''[[The Guardian]]'', 28 April 2010</ref> Later reports suggested the President and First Lady may have been victims of [[Havana syndrome]].<ref>[https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/was-george-w-bush-a-2007-victim-of-russia-induced-havana-syndrome], ''[[Washington Examiner]]'', 7 December 2021</ref>

==Location==
[[File:Heiligendamm May 2007 020.jpg|thumb|right|Kempinski Grand Hotel Heiligendamm]]
[[Heiligendamm]] is situated on the [[Baltic Sea|Baltic]] near the city Rostock, and is the oldest seaside resort in Germany,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.heiligendamm.de/modules.php?op=modload&name=seiten&file=index&pagename=heiligendamm-eng|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928000026/http://www.heiligendamm.de/modules.php?op=modload&name=seiten&file=index&pagename=heiligendamm-eng|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 September 2007|title=Heiligendamm – First German Seaside Resort|access-date=19 July 2006}}</ref> developed in 1793 as the seaside meeting place of nobility and high society close to [[Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Frederick Francis I, Duke of Mecklenburg]]. It was selected as the location for the G8 summit due to its isolated location, in anticipation of protests such as those in [[31st G8 summit#Activism|Gleneagles]] and [[32nd G8 summit|St Petersburg]]. The summit site was fenced off by 12 km long barrier, costing an approximate EUR 12.4 million.<ref name="dw">[http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,2346773,00.html Heiligendamm Prepares for the G8 Summit]. Deutsche Welle, 17 February 2007. Retrieved 9 May 2007.</ref>

Heiligendamm used to be the summer getaway of the Russian imperial family, who were related to the Dukes of Mecklenburg. For the occasion of the G8 summit, a former summer residence of the imperial family was demolished to make space for a media centre,<ref name="dw"/> however it was reconstructed in 2010.

==Business opportunity==
For some, the G8 summit became a profit-generating event; as for example, the official ''G8 Summit'' magazines which have been published under the auspices of the host nations for distribution to all attendees since 1998.<ref>[http://www.prestigemediausa.com/press.htm Prestige Media:] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519000002/http://www.prestigemediausa.com/press.htm |date=19 May 2009 }} [http://www.prestigemediausa.com/g8summit.htm "official" ''G8 Summit'' magazine] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090518235917/http://www.prestigemediausa.com/g8summit.htm |date=18 May 2009 }}</ref>

Security precautions included a $17 million, 8-foot-high, 7.5-mile-long fence topped with barbed and razor wire, which encompassed the landward access to the resort;<ref name="nytimes.com">Landler, Mark. [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/07/world/europe/07protests.html?scp=7&sq=Heiligendamm%20&st=cse "Thousands of Protesters Foil Some German Security Measures and Clash With the Police,"] ''New York Times.'' 7 June 2007.</ref> but no protests were reported from the suppliers of the fencing materials.

==Gallery of participating leaders==
===Core G8 participants===
<gallery class="center" widths="120">
File:Stephen Harper by Remy Steinegger Infobox.jpg|{{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Canada]]'''{{Clear}}[[Stephen Harper]], [[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]]<ref name="utoronto">[[G8 Research Group]]: [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2007heiligendamm/delegations.html delegations]</ref>
File:Nicolas Sarkozy in 2010.jpg|{{flagicon|France|1974}} '''[[France]]'''{{Clear}}[[Nicolas Sarkozy]], [[President of France|President]]<ref name="delegations"/>
File:Angela Merkel 2019 cropped.jpg|{{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Germany]]'''{{Clear}}[[Angela Merkel]], [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Chancellor]] (Host)<ref name="delegations"/>
File:Romani Prodi daticamera.jpg|{{flagicon|Italy}} '''[[Italy]]'''{{Clear}}[[Romano Prodi]], [[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]<ref name="delegations"/>
File:Shinzō Abe 20060926.jpg|{{flagicon|Japan}} '''[[Japan]]'''{{Clear}}[[Shinzō Abe]], [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]<ref name="delegations"/>
File:Vladimir Putin official portrait (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|Russia}} '''[[Russia]]'''{{Clear}}[[Vladimir Putin]], [[President of Russia|President]]<ref name="delegations"/>
File:Tony Blair 1997.jpg|{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[United Kingdom]]'''{{Clear}}[[Tony Blair]], [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]<ref name="delegations"/>
File:George-W-Bush.jpeg|{{flagicon|USA}} '''[[United States]]'''{{Clear}} [[George W. Bush]], [[President of the United States|President]]<ref name="delegations"/>
</gallery>
<gallery class="center" widths="90px">
File:José Manuel Barroso (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|EU}} '''[[European Union]]'''{{Clear}}[[Jose Manuel Barroso]], [[President of the European Commission|Commission President]]<ref name="european">G8 Research Group: [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2007heiligendamm/delegations.html delegations]; [[European Union]]: [http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php "EU and the G8"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070226165606/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php |date=26 February 2007 }}</ref>
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]]
* [[Kyoto Protocol]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==General references==
* {{cite book| author = Iain McLean|author2= Alistair McMillan| title = The concise Oxford dictionary of politics| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ah9CPgAACAAJ| year = 2009| publisher = Oxford University Press, USA| isbn = 978-0-19-920780-0 }}
* {{cite book| author = Bob Reinalda| title = Autonomous policy making by international organizations| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0OFrRrmBBXkC| year = 1998| publisher = Psychology Press| isbn = 978-0-415-16486-3 }}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* Official G8 website: [http://www.g-8.de/Webs/G8/EN/Homepage/home.html Heiligendamm summit, 2007]; n.b., no official website is created for any G7 summit prior to 1995 – ''see'' the [[21st G7 summit#Accomplishments|21st G7 summit]].
* [[University of Toronto]]: [[G8 Research Group]], [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca G8 Information Centre]
** [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/2007heiligendamm/index.html G8 2007, delegations & documents]

'''General'''{{Clear}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070601234928/http://www.heiligendamm2007.de/ Official website of the related anti G8 demonstration] / [https://web.archive.org/web/20070605030351/http://www.heiligendamm2007.de/Demo_en/index_demo_en.html English version (less extensive)]
* [http://www.g8youth.org MODEL G8 YOUTH SUMMIT 2007, G8-Simulation, Berlin – May 2007] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709064201/http://g8youth.org/ |date=9 July 2019 }}
* [http://priceofoil.org/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/Draft%20G8%20Feb%202007%20Version.pdf Reported "leaked draft" of Economic Communique]
* [http://weblog.greenpeace.org/makingwaves/G8%20Summit%20Declaration%20-%20US%20comments%20May%2014-1.pdf Reported "leaked draft" of Global Warming Communique (with US Government redlining)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201130720/http://weblog.greenpeace.org/makingwaves/G8%20Summit%20Declaration%20-%20US%20comments%20May%2014-1.pdf |date=1 December 2007 }}
* [http://g8-tv.org/ G8 TV – daily video stream from the G8]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6721639.stm 33rd G8 summit: Issues and controversies (BBC)]
* [http://www.intreview.com/dossier.php?id=23 Internationalist Review: The Presence of the Past – How German fear of terrorism in the 1970s might restrict criticism of the G8 today]

'''Security'''{{Clear}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070213063633/http://www.polizei.mvnet.de/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=3089&Itemid=273 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern police force]

'''In the media'''{{Clear}}
* 31 May 2007, ''[[Agence France-Presse]]'': [http://www.afp.com/english/news/stories/070531201424.rb387ox0.html Bush pushes new climate change plan]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* 14 May 2007, ''[[BBC]]'': [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6651295.stm US seeks G8 climate text changes]

'''Movie'''{{Clear}}
* Trigger Happy Production: [http://trouble-der-film.de/ ''Trouble – Teatime in Heiligendamm''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090705054709/http://trouble-der-film.de/ |date=5 July 2009 }}.

{{G8 summits}}
{{Presidency of George W. Bush}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:33rd G8 Summit}}
[[Category:2000s in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania]]
[[Category:2007 conferences|G8 summit]]
[[Category:2007 in Germany|G8 summit]]
[[Category:2007 in international relations|G8 summit]]
[[Category:2007 in politics|G8 summit]]
[[Category:21st-century diplomatic conferences|G8 summit 2007]]
[[Category:Bad Doberan]]
[[Category:Diplomatic conferences in Germany|G8 summit 2007]]
[[Category:Events in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania]]
[[Category:G7 summits|2007]]
[[Category:June 2007 in Germany]]
[[Category:Premiership of Stephen Harper|G8 summit 2007]]
[[Category:Premiership of Tony Blair|G8 summit 2007]]
[[Category:Presidency of George W. Bush|G8 summit 2007]]

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33rd G8 summit