Victory column

2025-06-07T15:47:00Z

79.35.4.239: /* Monumental columns */

{{Short description|Monument in the form of a column}}

[[File:Сравнительная высота колонн Александра I, Наполеона, Траяна, Помпея и Антонина,1836г ГИМ.jpg|thumb|19th-century comparison between the [[Alexander Column]], the [[Column of the Grande Armée]], [[Trajan's Column]], the [[Column of Marcus Aurelius]], and "[[Pompey's Pillar (column)|Pompey's Pillar]]"]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}
A '''victory column''', or '''monumental column''' or '''triumphal column''', is a [[monument]] in the form of a [[column]], erected in memory of a heroic commemoration,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WWHhEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA15 |title=Representing the English Renaissance |first=Stephen |last=Greenblatt |author-link=Stephen Greenblatt |publisher=[[Univ of California Press]] |date=15 November 2023 |page=15 |isbn=9780520332201}}</ref> including victorious [[battle]], [[war]], or [[revolution]]. The column typically stands on a base and is crowned with a victory [[symbol]], such as a [[statue]]. The statue may represent the goddess [[Victoria (mythology)|Victoria]]; in [[Germany]], the female embodiment of the nation, [[Germania (personification)|Germania]];<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.dw.com/en/150-years-of-berlins-victory-column-changing-symbolism/a-66623291 |title=150 years of Berlin's Victory Column: Changing symbolism |first=Torsten |last=Landsberg |date=9 February 2023 |access-date=9 January 2024 |work=[[DW.com]]}}</ref> in the [[United States]] either the female embodiment of the nation [[Liberty (personification)|Liberty]] or [[Columbia (personification)|Columbia]];<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_n7pDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA52 |title=Rooted Resistance: Agrarian Myth in Modern America |first1=Norie R. |last1=Singer |first2=Stephanie Houston |last2=Grey |first3=Jeff |last3=Motter |publisher=[[University of Arkansas Press]] |date=1 September 2020 |page=52 |isbn=9781682261439}}</ref> in the [[United Kingdom]], the female embodiment [[Britannia]], an [[eagle]],<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DzhKAQAAMAAJ&q=Britannia+represented+as+an+eagle+for+Victory |title=Medallic Illustrations of the History of Great Britain and Ireland to the Death of George II |volume=7-8 |author=British Museum Department of Coins and Medals |author-link=British Museum Department of Coins and Medals |publisher=[[Trustees of the British Museum]] |year=1907}}</ref> or a naval war hero depicted as a helmeted woman, wielding a trident, shield and olive branch.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/blog/library-archive/triumph-britannia-naval-victory-urban-entertainment-mid-eighteenth |title=The Triumph of Britannia |date=26 April 2019 |access-date=9 January 2019 |first=Katherine |last=Gazzard |work=[[Royal Museums Greenwich]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theeastindiacompany.com/blogs/stories/britannia-a-symbolic-journey-through-british-history |title=Britannia: A Symbolic Journey Through British History |date=24 August 2023 |access-date=9 January 2024 |work=[[The East India Company]]}}</ref>

== Monumental columns ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Image
! Date
! Monument
! Country
! City
! Location
! Coordinates
! Height above ground
! Comment
|-
| [[File:Snake column Hippodrome Constantinople 2007.jpg|150px]]
| 478 BC
| [[Serpent Column]]
| Turkey
| [[Istanbul]]
| [[Hippodrome of Constantinople]]
| 41.005651 N 28.975113 E
| 8 m
| Originally part of a tripod at [[Delphi]]
|-
| [[File:Heliodorus pillarVidsha.JPG|150px]]
| 115 BC
| [[Heliodorus pillar|Heliodorus Pillar]]
| India
| [[Vidisha]]
| [[Madhya Pradesh]], Central India
| 23.549508 N 77.800093 E
|
| Erected around 113 BCE in central India in [[Vidisha]] (then known as Besnagar), by [[Heliodorus_(ambassador)|Heliodorus]], a Greek ambassador of the [[Indo-Greek_Kingdom|Indo-Greek]] king [[Antialcidas]] the court of the [[Shunga_Empire|Shunga]] king [[Bhagabhadra]]
|-
| [[File:Jupitersaeule.jpg|150px]]
| c. 65
| [[Jupiter Column]]
| Germany
| [[Mainz]]
| [[Landesmuseum Mainz]]
| 50.005336 N 8.270532 E
| 12.5 m
| Replica displayed in front of the [[Landtag of Rhineland-Palatinate|Landtag]]
|-
| [[File:Trajan's Column HD.jpg|150px|Trajan's Column in Trajan's Forum]]
| 113
| [[Trajan's Column]]
| Italy
| [[Rome]]
| [[Trajan's Forum]]
| 41.895836 N 12.484276 E
| 35.07 m{{sfn|Jones|2000|p=220}}
| Internal spiral staircase, external helical frieze of reliefs. Tomb of the honorand, [[Trajan]]. Archetype of victory column.
|-
| [[File:Musei vaticani - base colonna antonina 01106.JPG|150px|The extant base of the Column of Antoninus Pius]]
| 161
| [[Column of Antoninus Pius]]
| Italy
| [[Rome]]
| [[Campus Martius]]
| 41.901598 N 12.476285 E
| 14.75 m
| Monolithic granite column shaft, c. 14.8 m. Only the base now survives.
|-
| [[File:La Colonna di Marco Aurelio (5966172297).jpg|150px|The Column of Marcus Aurelius in Piazza Colonna]]
| Before 193
| [[Column of Marcus Aurelius]]
| Italy
| [[Rome]]
| [[Piazza Colonna]]
| 41.900855 N 12.479987 E
| 39.72 m{{sfn|Jones|2000|p=220}}
| Internal spiral staircase, external helical frieze of reliefs. Directly modelled on Trajan's Column
|-
| [[File:Le colonne della Via Appia a Brindisi.jpg|150px]]
| c. 200
| Column at the end of the Via Appia
| Italy
| [[Brindisi]]
| Near the port
| 40.641071 N 17.946787 E
| 18.74 m
|
|-
| [[File:GothsColumn1.JPG|150px|The Column of the Goths in Gülhane Park]]
| Between 268 and 337
| [[Column of the Goths]]
| Turkey
| [[Istanbul]]
| [[Gülhane Park]]
| 41.014515 N 28.985470 E
| 18.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Alexandria - Pompey's Pillar - standing alone.JPG|150px|Pompey's Pillar]]
| 298–302
| [[Pompey's Pillar (column)|Pompey's Pillar]]
| Egypt
| [[Alexandria]]
| [[Serapeum of Alexandria]]
| 31.182512 N 29.896426 E
| 26.85 m{{sfn|Adam|1977|pp=50f|loc=refers to base, column shaft plus capital}}
|Entirely unconnected with [[Pompey]]. Dedicated to [[Diocletian]] by Aelius Publius, the [[List of governors of Roman Egypt|governor of Aegyptus]], between 298 and 302. Monolithic granite column shaft, 20.75 m. Corinthian capital. Originally topped with a statue of the ''augustus'' in [[Porphyry (geology)|porphyry]], c. 7 m.

Possibly accompanied by smaller columns honouring of [[Tetrarchy|Diocletian's co-emperors]].
|-
| [[File:Column of Constantine 2.JPG|150px]]
| 11 May 330
| [[Column of Constantine]]
| Turkey
| [[Istanbul]]
| [[Forum of Constantine]], [[Çemberlitaş, Fatih]]
| 41.008530 N 28.971270 E
| 35 m
| Upper portion of the column has not survived.
|-
|[[File:RomaForoRomanoColonnaFoca.JPG|150px|Column of Phocas in the Foro Romano]]
| 330–400
|[[Column of Phocas]]
| Italy
|[[Rome]]
|[[Roman Forum]]
| 41.892474 N 12.484854 E
| 13.6 m
| Column originally fourth century, [[Constantinian dynasty]] or after; imitating the [[Column of Constantine|Column]] and [[Forum of Constantine]] in [[Constantinople]]. Monolithic fluted marble column shaft. Corinthian capital.

Rededicated to [[Phocas]] by [[Smaragdus]], the [[Exarch of Italy]], in 608 with an inscription and gilded statue of that ''[[Augustus (title)|augustus]]''; last addition to the ''Forum Romanum.''
|-
| [[File:Forum Theodosius Istanbul March 2008 (18) detail.JPG|150px]]
| 386–393/'4
| [[Column of Theodosius]]
| Turkey
| [[Istanbul]]
| [[Forum of Theodosius]], [[Fatih]]
|
|c. 50 m
| Largest Roman column monument. Internal spiral staircase, external helical frieze of reliefs. Originally topped in 393/'4 with a statue of [[Theodosius I]] in bronze.

The statue fell in an earthquake in 480. Rededicated to [[Anastasius I Dicorus|Anastasius I]] in 506 with a new bronze statue. Demolished 16th century; precise site in Theodoisus's Forum unknown.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=LSA-2458: Demolished spiral column once crowned by colossal statue of Theodosius I, emperor; later used for statue of Anastasius, emperor. Constantinople, Forum of Theodosius (Tauros). 386-394 and 506|url=http://laststatues.classics.ox.ac.uk/database/discussion.php?id=2832|last=Gehn|first=Ulrich|date=2012|website=Last Statues of Antiquity|publisher=Oxford University|access-date=2020-05-08}}</ref>
|-
| [[File:QtubIronPillar.JPG|150px]]
| c. 400
| [[Iron pillar of Delhi]]
| India
| [[Delhi]]
| [[Qutb Complex]]
| 28.524718 N 77.185014 E
| 7.12 m
| It was transferred from Udayagiri or Vidisha to Delhi in the 11th century by [[Iltutmish]] the Sultan of Delhi. It was originally erected by the [[Chandragupta II]] of the [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] empire.
|-
| [[File:Cambridge, Trinity College, ms. O.17.2 (11).jpg|50px|Column of Arcadius in the Forum of Arcadius]][[File:Cambridge, Trinity College, ms. O.17.2 (12).jpg|50px|Column of Arcadius in the Forum of Arcadius]][[File:Cambridge, Trinity College, ms. O.17.2 (13).jpg|50px|Column of Arcadius in the Forum of Arcadius]]
| 401–421
| [[Column of Arcadius]]
| Turkey
| [[Istanbul]]
| [[Forum of Arcadius]], [[Fatih]]
| 41.007736 N 28.943071 E
|c. 46.1 m
| Internal spiral staircase, external helical frieze of reliefs. 21 monolithic column drums. Doric capital. Originally topped with a statue of [[Arcadius]], c. 8.5 m, similar to the statue on the [[Column of Theodosius]].

The statue fell in an earthquake in 740. Demolished 1719; only the base, c. 10.5 m, survives.<ref name=":03">{{Cite web|title=LSA-2459: Demolished spiral column once crowned by colossal statue of Arcadius, emperor. Constantinople, Forum of Arcadius. 401-21|url=http://laststatues.classics.ox.ac.uk/database/discussion.php?id=2833|last=Gehn|first=Ulrich|date=2012|website=Last Statues of Antiquity|publisher=Oxford University|access-date=2020-03-13}}</ref>
|-
| [[File:ColumnOfMarcianInIstanbulApril2007.jpg|150px|The Column of Marcian in 2007]]
| 450–452
| [[Column of Marcian]]
| Turkey
| [[Istanbul]]
| ''Forum of Marcian'', [[Fatih]]
| 41.015410 N 28.950292 E
|c. 16.5 m

(present)
|Dedicated to [[Marcian]] by Tatianus, [[prefect of Constantinople]] between 450 and 452. Monolithic granite column shaft, 8.74 m. Corinthian capital. Originally topped with a statue of the ''augustus'', referred to in the inscription and lost at an unknown date.
|-
| [[File:Second_Court_Topkapi_2007_80.JPG|150px|Column drum from the Column of Leo in 2007]]
| 457–474
| [[Column of Leo]]
| Turkey
| [[Istanbul]]
| ''Forum of Leo'' [[Fatih]]
| 41.013313 N 28.984836 E
|21–26 m
| Built in the reign of [[Leo I the Thracian|Leo I]]. Eight marble column drums, decorated with wreaths. Corinthian capital. Originally topped with a statue of the ''augustus''.

Destroyed before the 1540s; fragments remain in the grounds of the [[Topkapı Palace]]. The imperial statue on top may survive in Italy as the [[Colossus of Barletta]].
|-
| [[File:Gurlitt Justinian column.jpg|90px|Reconstruction of the column, after Cornelius Gurlitt, 1912. The depiction of a helical narrative frieze around the column, after the fashion of Trajan's Column, is erroneous.]]
| 543
| [[Column of Justinian]]
| Turkey
| [[Istanbul]]
| ''[[Augustaeum]]'', [[Fatih]]
|
|
| Masonry column shaft decorated with wreaths next to [[Hagia Sophia]]. Colossal equestrian statue in bronze reused from a [[Theodosian dynasty|Theodosian]] monument. c. 7 m statue.

Column's bronze sheath removed after the [[Fourth Crusade|Fourth Crusade's]] 1204 [[Sack of Constantinople]]. Statue removed soon after 1453 [[Fall of Constantinople]]. Toppled by [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] in 1515. [[Socle (architecture)|Socle]] and statue destroyed in 1529.
|-
|
| 595
| [[Mahakuta Pillar]]
| India
| [[Mahakuta]]
|
| 15.932953 N 75.722656 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Pillar of Eliseg.jpg|150px]]
| c. 850
| [[Pillar of Eliseg]]
| United Kingdom
|
| Near [[Valle Crucis Abbey]]
| 52.992123 N 3.189321 W
|
|
|-
|[[File:Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar at Shravanabelagola.jpg|150px]]
| 983
| [[Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar]]
| India
| [[Shravanabelagola]]
|
|
| 2.3 m
|
|-
| [[File:Hildesheim-Christussaeule-Hildesia.jpg|150px]]
| c. 1000
| [[Bernward Column]]
| Germany
| [[Hildesheim]]
| [[Hildesheim Cathedral]]
| 52.148929 N 9.947179 E
| 3.79 m
|
|-
|[[File:Qutb Minar, Delhi - views near Qutb Minar (2).JPG|505x505px]]
|c. 1190
|[[Qutb Minar]]
| India
|[[Delhi]]
|[[Qutb Minar complex|Qutb Complex]]
| 28.524387 N 77.185518 E
|73 m
|The Qutb Minar, also spelled as Qutub Minar and Qutab Minar, is a [[minaret]] and "victory tower" that forms part of the [[Qutb complex]]. It is usually thought that the tower is named for [[Qutb al-Din Aibak|Qutb-ud-din Aibak]], who began construction of the Minar.
|-
| [[File:Heunensaule-02.jpg|150px]]
| 11th century
| [[Heunensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Mainz]]
| [[Markt, Mainz|Markt]]
| 49.999550 N 8.273614 E
| 6.4 m
|
|-
| [[File:Colonna di Santa Felicita.JPG|150px]]
| after 1244
| [[Colonna di Santa Felicita]]
| Italy
| [[Florence]]
| In front of [[Santa Felicita, Florence|Santa Felicita]]
| 43.767114 N 11.252293 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:7312 - Venezia - Piazzetta San Marco - Colonne - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto, 6-Aug-2007.jpg|150px]]
| 1268<ref>San Marco, Byzantium and the Myths of Venice p.79 and note 10 on p.10</ref>
| [[Columns of San Marco and San Todaro]]
| Italy
| [[Venice]]
| [[Piazza San Marco]]
| 45.433289 N 12.339657 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Colonna di san zanobi2.JPG|150px]]
| Before 1333
| [[Colonna di San Zanobi]]
| Italy
| [[Florence]]
| [[Piazza San Giovanni, Florence|Piazza San Giovanni]]
| 43.773378 N 11.254912 E
|
|
|-
|
| 1338
| [[Colonna della Croce al Trebbio]]
| Italy
| [[Florence]]
|
| 43.773132 N 11.250434 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Colonna dell'abbondanza 11.JPG|150px]]
| 1431
| [[Colonna dell'Abbondanza, Florence|Colonna dell'Abbondanza]]
| Italy
| [[Florence]]
| [[Piazza della Repubblica, Florence|Piazza della Repubblica]]
| 43.771579 N 11.254314 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Colonna del Portogallo, Siena (2).jpg|150px]]
| 1 March 1467
|
| Italy
| [[Siena]]
| Viale Vittorio Emanuele II
| 43.3286349 N 11.3224004 E
|
|
|-
|[[File:Vijay stambh,Chittorgarh fort.JPG|150px]]
|1448
|[[Vijaya Stambha]]
| India
|[[Chittorgarh|Chittor]]
|[[Chittor Fort]]
| 24.887884 N 74.645171 E
|37.19m
|The tower was constructed by the [[Mewar]] king, [[Kumbha of Mewar|Rana Kumbha]], in 1448 to commemorate his victory over the combined armies of [[Malwa]] and [[Gujarat]] led by [[Mahmud Khalji|Mahmud Khilji]]. The tower is dedicated to [[Hindus|Hindu]] god [[Vishnu]].
|-
|
| 1548?
| [[Pestsäule, Eching am Ammersee|Pestsäule]]
| Germany
| [[Eching am Ammersee]]
|
| 48.079032 N 11.112875 E
| 2 m
|
|-
| [[File:9794 - Firenze - Colonna di S. Trinita - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto, 28-Oct-2007.jpg|150px]]
| 1565
| [[Colonna della Giustizia]]
| Italy
| [[Florence]]
| [[Piazza Santa Trinita]]
| 43.770126 N 11.251267 E
|
| [[Spolia]] from the 3rd century AD [[Baths of Caracalla]] in Rome
|-
| [[File:Colonna di san felice 10.JPG|150px]]
| 1572
| [[Colonna di San Felice]]
| Italy
| [[Florence]]
| In front of [[San Felice, Florence|San Felice]]
| 43.765163 N 11.248104 E
|
|
|-
|
| 1572
| [[Colonna di San Marco]]
| Italy
| [[Florence]]
| In front of [[San Marco, Florence|San Marco]]
| 43.778768 N 11.259366 E
| 12.9 m
|
|-
| [[File:Alameda Hercules 06.jpg|150px]]
| 1574
| [[Alameda Hércules column]]. Roman columns with statues of [[Hercules]] (inspired by the [[Farnese Hercules]]) and [[Julius Caesar]]
| Spain
| [[Seville]]
| In front of [[La Alameda, Seville]]
| 37.400246 N 5.993597 W
| 10 m
|
|-
| [[File:P1060303 Paris Ier colonne Medicis rwk.JPG|150px]]
| 1574
| [[Medici column]]
| France
| [[Paris]]
| In front of [[Paris Bourse]]
| 48.862525 N 2.342993 E
| 28 m
|
|-
| [[File:Colonna di Carlo Maderno.JPG|150px]]
| 1614
| Column of Peace
| Italy
| [[Rome]]
| Piazza del Esqualino, in front of [[Santa Maria Maggiore]]
| 41.897038 N 12.499385 E
| 42 m
|Spolia from the 4th century AD [[Basilica of Maxentius]]
|-
| [[File:San Domenico01.jpg|150px]]
| 1627
| [[Basilica of San Domenico|Colonna di San Domenico]]
| Italy
| [[Bologna]]
| [[Basilica of San Domenico|San Domenico]]
| 44.489900 N 11.343722 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Colonna infame 02.JPG|150px]]
| 31 May 1628
| [[Column of Infamy]]
| Italy
| [[Genoa]]
| Piazza Vacchero
| 44.412562 N 8.928214 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:6211 - Bologna - Colonna dell'Immacolata (1628) - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto, 9-Feb-2008.jpg|150px]]
| 1628
| [[Colonna dell'Immacolata, Bologna|Colonna dell'Immacolata]]
| Italy
| [[Bologna]]
|
| 44.494342 N 11.336446 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Muenchen-Marienplatz-bjs-2.jpg|150px]]
| 7 November 1638
| [[Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Munich]]
| [[Marienplatz]]
| 48.137232 N 11.575510 E
| 14 m
|
|-
| [[File:Kolumna Zygmunta 2006.jpg|150px]]
| 1644
| [[Sigismund's Column]]
| Poland
| [[Warsaw]]
| [[Castle Square, Warsaw|Castle Square]]
| 52.247260 N 21.013375 E
| 22 m
|
|-
| [[File:Mariensaeule Wernstein am Inn.jpg|150px]]
| 1647
| [[Mariensäule, Wernstein am Inn|Mariensäule]]
| Austria
| [[Wernstein am Inn]]
|
| 48.505547 N 13.454414 E
| 17 m
| Transferred from original site in [[Vienna]] in 1667.
|-
| [[File:Praha Staromestske namesti c1841.jpg|150px]]
| 1650
| [[Mary Column, Prague|Mary Column]]
| Czech
| [[Prague]]
| [[Old Town Square (Prague)|Old Town Square]]
|
| 16 m
| Destroyed in 1918
|-
| [[File:Pestsäule_in_Fulda.jpg|150px]]
| 1651
| [[Pestsäule, Fulda|Pestsäule]]
| Germany
| [[Fulda]]
|
| 50.559691 N 9.671735 E
| 15 m
|
|-
| [[File:Kronach - Melchior-Otto-Platz - Ehrensäule.jpg|150px]]
| 1654
| Victory Column
| Germany
| [[Kronach]]
|
| 50.240462 N 11.324268 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:The Countess's Pillar - geograph.org.uk - 3873876.jpg|150px]]
| 1656
| [[Countess Pillar]]
| United Kingdom
| Near [[Brougham, Cumbria|Brougham]]
| 54.653682 N 2.704906 W
|
|
|
|-
| [[File:Colonna Sant'Oronzo.jpg|150px]]
| 1666
| [[Colonna di Sant'Oronzo]]
| Italy
| [[Lecce]]
|
| 40.352927 N 18.172767 E
|
| Originally one of the columns at the end of the [[Via Appia]] in [[Brindisi]]
|-
| [[File:0762 - Milano - Colonna del Verziere - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto 5-May-2007.jpg|150px]]
| 1673
| [[Verziere Column]]
| Italy
| [[Milan]]
| [[Verziere]]
| 45.463150 N 9.197222 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Freising mariensaeule.jpg|150px]]
| 1674
| [[Mariensäule, Freising|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Freising]]
| [[Marienplatz, Freising|Marienplatz]]
| 48.400841 N 11.744036 E
| 15 m
|
|-
| [[File:Ludovico Ariosto monument Ferrara.jpg|150px]]
| 1675
| [[Monument to Ludovico Ariosto]]
| Italy
| [[Ferrara]]
| [[Piazza Ariostea]]
| 44.841359 N 11.626514 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:The Monument to the Great Fire of London.JPG|150px]]
| 1677
| [[Monument to the Great Fire of London|The Monument]]
| United Kingdom
| [[London]]
| Corner of Monument Street and Fish Street Hill
| 51.510157 N 0.085947 W
| 62 m
|
|-
| [[File:Favoritenstraße 50.JPG|150px]]
| 1679
| [[Beschornerkreuz]]
| Austria
| [[Vienna]]
| [[Favoritenstraße]]
| 48.167107 N 16.381275 E
|
| Badly damaged in [[World War II]] and replaced in 1979.
|-
| [[File:Klagenfurt Pestsäule.JPG|150px]]
| 1680
| [[Dreifaltigkeitssäule, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee|Dreifaltigkeitssäule]]
| Austria
| [[Klagenfurt am Wörthersee]]
| In front of the [[Church of the Holy Spirit, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee|Church of the Holy Spirit]]
| 46.625283 N 14.307690 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Kolumna z figurą Matki Boskiej 1.JPG|150px]]
| 1681
| [[Column of the Blessed Virgin Mary]]
| Poland
| [[Kłodzko]]
|
| 50.438680 N 16.654002 E
| 11.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Wienerrettung.jpg|150px]]
| 1683
| [[Dreifaltigkeitssäule, Vienna|Dreifaltigkeitssäule]]
| Austria
| [[Vienna]]
| [[Landstraße]]
| 48.211383 N 16.385724 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Wien - Dreifaltigkeits- bzw. Pestsäule.JPG|150px]]
| 1693
| [[Pestsäule, Vienna|Pestsäule]]
| Austria
| [[Vienna]]
| [[Graben, Vienna|Graben]]
| 48.208719 N 16.369807 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Marian column Prudnik Neustadt.JPG|150px]]
| 1694
| [[Kolumna Maryjna, Prudnik|Kolumna Maryjna]]
| Poland
| [[Prudnik]]
| Town Square
| 50.321899 N 17.580060 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:2018 Kolumna maryjna w Międzylesiu 1.jpg|150px]]
| 1698
| [[Kolumna Maryjna, Międzylesie|Kolumna Maryjna]]
| Poland
| [[Międzylesie]]
|
| 50.321899 N 17.580058 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Innsbruck Annasäule from c.N.jpg|150px]]
| 26 July 1706
| [[St Anna's Column, Innsbruck|St Anna's Column]]
| Austria
| [[Innsbruck]]
| Maria-Theresien-Straße
| 47.265679 N 11.394209 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Mariensaeule_Duderstadt.jpg|150px]]
| 1711
| [[Mariensäule, Duderstadt|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Duderstadt]]
| Gropenmarkt
| 51.512342 N 10.261748 E
| 12.15 m
|
|-
| [[File:Mödling - Pestsäule (2).JPG|150px]]
| 1714
| Austria
| [[Pestsäule, Mödling|Pestsäule]]
| [[Mödling]]
|
| 48.085981 N 16.284512 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Kutna Hora CZ Plague column 02.jpg|150px]]
| 1715
| [[Column of the Virgin Mary Immaculate in Kutná Hora|Column of the Virgin Mary Immaculate]]
| Poland
| [[Kutná Hora]]
| Šultysova street
| 49.949416 N 15.266857 E
|
|-
| [[File:Poysdorf 4897.jpg|150px]]
| 1715?
| [[Dreifaltigkeitssäule, Poysdorf|Dreifaltigkeitssäule]]
| Austria
| [[Poysdorf]]
|
| 48.667918 N 16.629299 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Ochsenhausen Mariensäule.jpg|150px]]
| 2 December 1717
| [[Mariensäule, Ochsenhausen|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Ochsenhausen]]
| [[Ochsenhausen Abbey]]
| 48.064497 N 9.949413 E
| 8.3 m
|
|-
| [[File:Blenheim Column of Victory.JPG|150px]]
|
| [[Blenheim Palace|Blenheim Column of Victory]]
| United Kingdom
|
| [[Blenheim Palace]]
| 51.849888 N 1.369576 W
| 41 m
|
|-
| [[File:Dreifaltigkeitssäule in Linz.jpg|150px]]
| 1723
| [[Dreifaltigkeitssäule]]
| Austria
| [[Linz]]
| [[Hauptplatz, Linz|Hauptplatz]]
| 48.305861 N 14.286432 E
| 20 m
|
|-
| [[File:Immaculata1.jpg|150px]]
| 1723
| [[Plague Pillar (Košice)|Immaculata]]
| Slovakia
| [[Košice]]
| Hlavná ulica
| 48.722838 N 21.256810 E
| 14 m
|
|-
| [[File:Bleiburg - Pestsäule.jpg|150px]]
| 1724
| Pestsäule
| Austria
| [[Bleiburg]]
|
| 46.590166 N 14.798726 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Racibórz Kolumna Maryjna 6345.jpg|150px]]
| 1727
| [[Kolumna Maryjna, Racibórz|Kolumna Maryjna]]
| Poland
| [[Racibórz]]
| Town Square
| 50.092009 N 18.219817 E
| 14 m
|
|-
| [[File:Palermo-Colonna-Immacolata-bjs2007-01.jpg|150px]]
| 1728
| [[Colonna dell'Immacolata, Palermo|Colonna dell'Immacolata]]
| Italy
| [[Palermo]]
| [[Piazza San Domenico, Palermo|Piazza San Domenico]]
| 38.118739 N 13.362882 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Timisoara - Figure near Dome.JPG|150px]]
| 23 November 1730
| [[Coloana Ciumei]]
| Romania
| [[Timișoara]]
| [[Piața Unirii]]
| 45.757950 N 21.229082 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Aub, Marktplatz, Mariensäule-002.jpg|150px]]
| 1732
| [[Mariensäule, Aub|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Aub]]
| Marktplatz
| 49.552507 N 10.065376 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Monument Piata Libertatii Timisoara.jpg|150px]]
| 1739
| [[Statue of St Nepomuk and Mary]]
| Romania
| [[Timișoara]]
| [[Piața Libertății, Timișoara|Piața Libertății]]
| 45.755766 N 21.227206 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Pomnik Trojcy Swietej w Ladku Zdroju.jpg|150px]]
| 9 March 1742
| [[Pomnik Trójcy Świętej, Lądku-Zdroju|Pomnik Trójcy Świętej]]
| Poland
| [[Lądku-Zdroju]]
|
| 50.345854 N 16.871856 E
| 7 m
|
|-
| [[File:Bystrzyca Kłodzka, Plac Wolności, Kolumna św. Trójcy.JPG|150px]]
| After 1746
| [[Kolumna Trójcy Świętej, Bystrzyca Kłodzka|Kolumna Trójcy Świętej]]
| Poland
| [[Bystrzyca Kłodzka]]
|
| 50.296831 N 16.651757 E
| 10 m
|
|-
| [[File:Stowe Park Buckinghamshire rostral column.jpg|150px]]
| 1749
| [[Stowe Gardens#The Grenville Column|The Grenville Column]]
| United Kingdom
|
| [[Stowe House]]
| 52.030677 N 1.014969 W
|
|
|-
| [[File:Holy Trinity Column-2.jpg|150px]]
| 1754
| [[Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc]]
| Czech
| [[Olomouc]]
|
| 49.593935 N 17.250445 E
| 35 m
|
|-
| [[File:Burton Pynsent Monument.jpg|150px]]
| 1767
| [[Burton Pynsent Monument]]
| United Kingdom
| Curry Rivel
| Troy Hill
| 51.022421 N 2.889986 W
| 43 m
|
|-
| [[File:Kolonna Orla.JPG|150px]]
| 1770
| Eagle Column
| Russia
| [[Gatchina]]
|
| 59.566958 N 30.095930 E
| 6.4 m
|
|-
| [[File:Mariensäule, Vorderseite, Nordheim.JPG|150px]]
| 1778
| Germany
| [[Mariensäule, Nordheim am Main|Mariensäule]]
| [[Nordheim am Main]]
|
| 49.859600 N 10.182864 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:RUS-2016-Pushkin-Catherine Park-Chesme Column.jpg|150px]]
| 1778
| [[Chesme Column]]
| Russia
| [[Tsarskoye Selo]]
| [[Catharine Palace]]
| 59.710054 N 30.393685 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Keppels Column.jpg|150px]]
| After 1778
| [[Keppel's Column]]
| United Kingdom
|
| Near [[Wentworth, South Yorkshire|Wentworth]] and [[Kimberworth]]
| 53.447944 N 1.415152 W
| 35 m
|
|-
| [[File:Residenzplatz_Marienbrunnen_Eichstaett-3.jpg|150px]]
| 1780
| [[Mariensäule, Eichstätt|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Eichstätt]]
|
| 48.891157 N 11.183213 E
| 24 m
|
|-
| [[File:Пам'ятник Магдебурзькому праву в Києві (1).jpg|150px]]
| 15 August 1802
| [[Monument to the Magdeburg Rights (Kyiv)|Monument to the Magdeburg Rights]]
| Ukraine
| [[Kyiv]]
| [[Podil Raion]]
| 50.456003 N 30.529509 E
| 23 m
|
|-
| [[File:Nelson Pillar, 1830.jpg|150px]]
| August 1809
| [[Nelson's Pillar]]
| Ireland
| [[Dublin]]
| [[O'Connell Street]]
| 53.349812 N 6.260257 W
| 40.8 m
| Destroyed in 1966 by [[Irish Republicanism|Irish Republicans]]
|-
| [[File:Nelson Column, Montreal 2005-10-21.JPG|150px]]
| 1809
| [[Nelson's Column, Montreal|Nelson's Column]]
| Canada
| [[Montreal]]
| [[Place Jacques-Cartier]]
| 45.508202 N 73.553866 W
| 19 m
|
|-
| [[File:Paris Colonne Vendôme 2012 1.jpg|150px]]
| 15 August 1810
| [[Colonne Vendôme]]
| France
| [[Paris]]
| [[Place Vendôme]]
| 48.867476 N 2.329450 E
| 44.3 m
|
|-
| [[File:Ростральные колонны556.JPG|File:Ростральные колонны556.JPG|150px]]
| 1811
| [[Old Saint Petersburg Stock Exchange and Rostral Columns|Rostral Columns]]
| Russia
| [[Saint Petersburg]]
| [[Old Saint Petersburg Stock Exchange and Rostral Columns|Old Saint Petersburg Stock Exchange]]
| 59.943094 N 30.306795 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Полтава, пам’ятник Слави.jpg|150px]]
| 27 June 1811
| [[Glory Monument, Poltava|Glory Monument]]
| Russia
| [[Poltava]]
|
| 49.589575 N 34.551197 E
| 10.35 m
|
|-
| [[File:Camphill Column, Alnwick - 2011-09-12.jpg|150px]]
| 1814
| [[Camphill Column, Alnwick|Camphill Column]]
| United Kingdom
| [[Alnwick]]
|
| 55.404882 N 1.715109 W
|
|
|-
|[[File:Battle_Monument_MD1.jpg|150px]]
|1815
|[[Battle Monument]]
| United States
|[[Baltimore]]
|Battle Monument Square
| 39.290687 N 76.612412 W
|11.88 m
|
|-
|[[File:Ang_col3.JPG|150px]]
| 1816
| [[:fr:Colonne_de_la_duchesse_d'Angoulême_(Angoulême)|Column of the Duchess of Angoulême]]
| France
| [[Angoulême]]
| Avenue Wilson
| 45.652651 N 0.146832 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Tenantry Column, Alnwick.jpg|150px]]
| 1816
| [[Tenantry Column]]
| United Kingdom
| [[Alnwick]]
|
| 55.410898 N 1.699185 W
| 25 m
|
|-
| [[File:Shrewsbury Column.jpg|150px]]
| 18 June 1816
| [[Lord Hill's Column]]
| United Kingdom
| [[Shrewsbury]]
| Outside the [[Shirehall, Shrewsbury|Shirehall]]
| 52.704168 N 2.731822 W
| 40.7 m
|
|-
| [[File:Britannia Monument.jpg|150px]]
| 1819
| [[Britannia Monument]]
| United Kingdom
| [[Great Yarmouth]]
|
| 52.588479 N 1.733627 E
| 44 m
|
|-
| [[File:Boulogne Colonne 01.JPG|150px]]
| 1821
| [[Column of the Grande Armée]]
| France
| [[Wimille]]
| Rue Napoleon
| 50.741269 N 1.617428 E
| 53 m
|
|-
| [[File:Nantes - colonne Louis XVI.jpg|150px]]
| 1823
| [[Column of Louis XVI]]
| France
| [[Nantes]]
| [[Place Maréchal-Foch]]
| 47.219519 N 1.549839 W
| 28 m
|
|-
| [[File:Colonne de la Duchesse d'Angoulême au Montglonne 1.jpg|150px]]
| 1823
| Column of the Duchess of Angoulême
| France
| [[Saint-Florent-le-Vieil]]
|
| 47.363987 N 1.021578 W
| 15 m
|
|-
| [[File:Colonne du pape 01.jpg|150px]]
| 4 September 1823
| [[Column of the Pope]]
| France
| [[Nice]]
|
| 43.696307 N 7.262657 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Colonne Charles Félix.jpg|150px]]
| 1826
| Column of Charles Felix
| France
| [[Bonneville, Haute-Savoie|Bonneville]]
|
| 46.075445 N 6.405684 E
| 21.44 m
|
|-
| [[File:Konstitutionssäule_bei_Gaibach,_2.jpg|150px]]
| 22 August 1828
| [[Constitution Column (Gaibach)|Constitution Column]]
| Germany
| [[Volkach]]
|
| 49.897877 N 10.224168 E
| 32 m
|
|-
| [[File:Demid Pillar, Yaroslavl.jpg|150px]]
| 6 March 1829
| [[Demidovsky Pillar, Yaroslavl|Demidovsky Pillar]]
| Russia
| [[Yaroslavl]]
|
| 57.625015 N 39.897312 E
| 12 m
| Dismantled 1935, rebuilt 2004.
|-
| [[File:Washington Monument (Baltimore).png|150px]]
| 1829
| [[Washington Monument (Baltimore)|Washington Monument]]
| United States
| [[Baltimore]]
| [[Mount Vernon, Baltimore|Mount Vernon]]
| 39.297554 N 76.615670 W
| 54 m
|
|-
| [[File:Duke Of York Monument.jpg|150px]]
| 1831
| [[Duke of York Column]]
| United Kingdom
| [[London]]
| Corner of [[Regent Street]] and [[The Mall, London|The Mall]]
| 51.506342 N 0.131727 W
| 41.99 m
|
|-
| [[File:Waterloosäule 2009.jpg|150px]]
| 18 June 1832
| [[Waterloo Column]]
| Germany
| [[Hanover]]
| Waterlooplatz
| 52.366517 N 9.727602 E
| 46.31 m
|
|-
| [[File:La Consulaire 2012.JPG|150px]]
| 1833
| [[La Consulaire]]
| France
| [[Brest, France|Brest]]
| [[Brest Arsenal|Arsenal]]
| 48.386071 N 4.495170 W
| 7 m
| Transformed from a captured Barbary cannon.
|-
| [[File:Александрийский столб.jpg|150px]]
| 30 August 1834
| [[Alexander Column]]
| Russia
| [[Saint Petersburg]]
| [[Palace Square]]
| 59.939018 N 30.315734 E
| 47.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Hoodmonument.jpg|150px]]
| 1835
| [[Admiral Hood Monument]]
| United Kingdom
| [[Compton Dundon]]
|
| 51.101358 N 2.721318 W
| 33.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Colonne de Juillet 01.jpg|150px]]
| 28 July 1840
| [[July Column]]
| France
| [[Paris]]
| [[Place de la Bastille]]
| 48.853169 N 2.369139 E
| 47 m
|
|-
| [[File:Denkmal_Mehringplatz_(Kreuz)_Friedenssäule.jpg|150px]]
| 1843
| [[Berlin Peace Column]]
| Germany
| [[Berlin]]
| Mehringplatz
| 52.498981 N 13.391776 E
| 19 m
|
|-
| [[File:Nelson's Column, Trafalgar Square, London.JPG|150px]]
| November 1843
| [[Nelson's Column]]
| United Kingdom
| [[London]]
| [[Trafalgar Square]]
| 51.507776 N 0.127911 W
| 51.6 m
|
|-
| [[File:Ludwigsmonument-3.jpg|150px]]
| 25 August 1844
| [[Column of Louis I of Hesse]]
| Germany
| [[Darmstadt]]
| Luisenplatz
| 49.872852 N 8.651196 E
| 39.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Lille gd place colonne.jpg|150px]]
| 1845
| [[Column of the Goddess]]
| France
| [[Lille]]
| Grand Place
| 50.636921 N 3.063437 E
| 15.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Trento-memorial column for the third centenary of the Council of Trent.jpg|150px]]
| 1845
| Monument to the Third Council of Trent
| Italy
| [[Trento]]
| North of Santa Maria Maggiore
| 46.068780 N 11.119453 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Jubiläumssäule_Schloßplatz_Stuttgart_2010.jpg|150px]]
| 1846
| Anniversary Column
| Germany
| [[Stuttgart]]
| Schlossplatz
| 48.778585 N 9.179862 E
| 32.6 m [https://www.baden-wuerttemberg.de/de/service/presse/pressemitteilung/pid/rueckkehr-der-concordia-auf-die-jubilaeumssaeule-1]
| Concordia statue was put up on top of Jubilee Column in 1863
|-
| [[File:Column of Liberty.JPG|150px]]
| 22 December 1851
| [[Columna de la Libertad de los Esclavos]]
| Colombia
| [[Ocaña, Norte de Santander|Ocaña]]
|
| 8.235417 N 73.353872 W
|
|
|-
| [[File:PS Neukamp 1989-07.jpg|150px]]
| 15 October 1854 & 1855
| [[Prussia Columns]]
| Germany
| [[Rügen]]
| Neukamp and Groß Stresow
| 54.318950 N 13.461795 E; 54.356866 N 13.571766 E
| 15 m
| Dismantled for repair in 1991 and never rebuilt.
|-
| [[File:Brock's Monument in 2010, Queenston, Ontario.jpg|150px]]
| 1856
| [[Brock's Monument]]
| Canada
| [[Queenston, Ontario|Queenston]]
|
| 43.160164 N 79.053044 W
| 56 m
|
|-
| [[File:Colonna dell'Immacolata, Rome - view to Northwest.jpg|150px]]
| 8 December 1857
| [[Column of the Immaculate Conception, Rome|Column of the Immaculate Conception]]
| Italy
| [[Rome]]
| [[Piazza di Spagna]]
| 41.905003 N 12.482962 E
| 11.81 m
|
|-
| [[File:Mariensäule (Köln) - Gesamtansicht 1.jpg|70px]]
| September 1858
| [[Mariensäule, Cologne|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Cologne]]
|
| 50.942751 N 6.946597 E
| 13.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Belgique - Bruxelles - Colonne du Congrès - 01.jpg|150px]]
| 26 September 1859
| [[Congress Column]]
| Belgium
| [[Brussels]]
| Place du Congrès
| 50.850115 N 4.363457 E
| 47 m
|
|-
| [[File:Crimean War and Indian Mutiny Memorial.jpg|150px]]
| 1861
| [[Westminster Scholars War Memorial]]
| United Kingdom
| [[London]]
| In front of [[Westminster Abbey]]
| 51.499515 N 0.129142 W
|
|
|-
| [[File:Wellington Column.jpg|150px]]
| 1865
| [[Wellington's Column]]
| United Kingdom
| [[Liverpool]]
| Corner of [[William Brown Street]] and [[Lime Street, Liverpool|Lime Street]]
| 53.409629 N 2.978844 W
| 40.2 m
|
|-
| [[File:Trier Mariensaeule.jpg|150px]]
| 8 October 1866
| [[Mariensäule, Trier|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Trier]]
| Markusberg
| 49.760305 N 6.619894 E
| 40 m
|
|-
| [[File:At Montevideo 2023 341.jpg|225x225px]]
| 20 February 1867
| [[Columna de la Paz]]
| Uruguay
| [[Montevideo]]
| [[Plaza de Cagancha]]
| 34.905913 S 56.191363 W
|17 m
|First monument in the city of Montevideo. Its statue was made of molten cannons from the [[Uruguayan Civil War|uruguayan civil war]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=La Columna de la Paz a través del tiempo {{!}} Centro de Fotografía de Montevideo |url=https://cdf.montevideo.gub.uy/fotografias/la-columna-de-la-paz-traves-del-tiempo |access-date=2024-11-12 |website=cdf.montevideo.gub.uy}}</ref>
|-
| [[File:Rapperswil - Freiheitssäule - Schloss - Lindenhof 2010-06-11 18-50-04.JPG|150px]]
| 1868
| [[Polnische Freiheitssäule]]
| Switzerland
| [[Rapperswil]]
| [[Rapperswil Castle]]
| 47.227352 N 8.815227 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Solnatmon gettysburg.jpg|150px]]
| 1 June 1869
| [[Soldiers' National Monument]]
| United States
|
| [[Gettysburg Battlefield]]
| 39.819793 N 77.231215 W
| 18 m
|
|-
| [[File:Cimitero_monumentale_Vantiniano_faro_Brescia.jpg|150px]]
| 1870
| [[Monumental Cemetery of Brescia|Vantiano Lighthouse]]
| Italy
| [[Brescia]]
|
| 45.540223 N 10.201846 E
| 60 m
|
|-
| [[File:Adrian Civil War Memorial.jpg|150px]]
| 4 July 1870
| [[Civil War Memorial (Adrian, Michigan)|Civil War Memorial]]
| United States
| [[Adrian, Michigan|Adrian]]
| Memorial Park
| 41.896476 N 84.029312 W
|
| Recycled from the [[Bank of Pennsylvania]]
|-
| [[File:Düsseldorf - Maxplatz - Mariensäule 03 ies.jpg|150px]]
| 1873
| [[Mariensäule, Dusseldorf|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Düsseldorf]]
| Maxplatz
| 51.222439 N 6.771259 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Berliner Siegessäule 2012-04.jpg|150px]]
| 2 September 1873
| [[Berlin victory column]]
| Germany
| [[Berlin]]
| Großer Stern
| 52.514554 N 13.350100 E
| 66.89 m
|
|-
| [[File:Estátua de D. Pedro IV no Rossio - Jul 2008.jpg|150px]]
| 1874
| [[Column of Pedro IV]]
| Portugal
| [[Lisbon]]
| [[Rossio Square]]
| 38.713807 N 9.139362 W
| 27.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Lancaster Soldiers and Sailors Monument.jpg|150px]]
| 4 July 1874
| [[Soldiers and Sailors Monument (Lancaster, Pennsylvania)|Soldiers and Sailors Monument]]
| United States
| [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania|Lancaster]], [[Pennsylvania]]
| Penn Square
| 40.037964 N 76.305703 W
| 13 m
|
|-
| [[File:Siegessaeule Schwerin.jpg|150px]]
| 2 December 1874
| [[Victory Column, Schwerin|Victory Column]]
| Germany
| [[Schwerin]]
|
| 53.625653 N 11.416119 E
| 23 m
|
|-
| [[File:Siegessäule-Altmarkt.jpeg|150px]]
| 1876
| Oberhausen Victory Column
| Germany
| [[Oberhausen]]
| Altmarkt
| 51.468826 N 6.849969 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Siegburg_Siegessaeule.jpg|150px]]
| 1877
| Siegburg Victory Column
| Germany
| [[Siegburg]]
| Markt
| 50.797054 N 7.207624 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:SoldiersSailors.JPG|150px]]
| 17 September 1877
| [[Soldiers and Sailors Monument (Boston)|Soldiers and Sailors Monument]]
| United States
| [[Boston]]
| [[Boston Common]]
| 42.355470 N 71.066413 W
| 38 m
|
|-
| [[File:Oldenburg_Friedensplatz.JPG|150px]]
| 1878
| Oldenburg Peace Column
| Germany
| [[Oldenburg (city)|Oldenburg]]
| Peace Place
| 53.141429 N 8.207484 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Siegessauele-Hakenberg.jpg|150px]]
| 2 September 1879
| [[Hakenberg Victory Column]]
| Germany
| [[Hakenberg]]
|
| 52.771053 N 12.828941 E
| 36 m
|
|-
| [[File:Pasingmariensaule.jpg|150px]]
| 1880
| [[Mariensäule, Pasing|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Munich]]
| [[Pasing]]
| 48.146763 N 11.459396 E
| 7.4 m
|
|-
| [[File:Soldier's Monument Davenport, Iowa SW.JPG|150px]]
| 1881
| [[Soldier's Monument (Davenport, Iowa)|Soldier's Monument]]
| United States
| [[Davenport, Iowa|Davenport]]
| [[College Square Historic District]]
| 41.531270 N 90.575540 W
| 15.25 m
|
|-
| [[File:20080310 Soldiers and Sailors edit.JPG|150px]]
| 4 July 1884
| [[Lafayette Square (Buffalo, New York)|Soldiers and Sailors Monument]]
| United States
| [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]]
| [[Lafayette Square (Buffalo, New York)|Lafayette Square]]
| 42.885667 N 78.873834 W
| 33.7 m
|
|-
| [[File:Yorktown_monument1.jpg|150px]]
| 10 October 1884
| [[Yorktown Victory Monument]]
| United States
| [[Yorktown, Virginia|Yorktown]]
| [[Colonial National Historical Park]]
| 37.233416 N 76.504991 W
| 29.87 m
|
|-
| [[File:Kyllburg_(Eifel);_Mariensäule_c.jpg|150px]]
| 1886
| [[Mariensäule, Kyllburg|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Kyllburg]]
|
| 50.043345 N 6.592808 E
| 15 m
|
|-
| [[File:Ivar Hvitfeldt Column.jpg|150px]]
| 1886
| [[Ivar Huitfeldt Column]]
| Denmark
| [[Copenhagen]]
| [[Langelinie]]
| 55.690625 N 12.599159 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Eastrock02.JPG|150px]]
| 1887
| [[Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (New Haven)|Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument]]
| United States
| [[New Haven]]
| [[East Rock]]
| 41.327277 N 72.904666 W
| 34 m
|
|-
| [[File:Monument a Colom, Barcelona, Spain - Jan 07.jpg|100px]]
| 1888
| [[Columbus Monument, Barcelona|Columbus Monument]]
| Spain
| [[Barcelona]]
| [[La Rambla, Barcelona|La Rambla]]
| 41.375821 N 2.177777 E
| 60 m
|
|-
| [[File:Plaza Bolívar de Valencia.jpg|150px]]
| 24 June 1889
| Column of the Plaza Bolivar
| Venezuela
| [[Valencia, Carabobo|Valencia]]
| [[Plaza Bolívar (Valencia)]]
| 10.182815 N 68.003288 W
|
|
|-
| [[File:Одесса. Александровская колонна.jpg|150px]]
| 1891
| [[Alexander II Column in Odesa|Alexander II Column]]
| Ukraine
| [[Odesa]]
| [[Shevchenko Park (Odesa)|Shevchenko Park]]
| 46.478374 N 30.754748 E
| 12.6 m
|
|-
| [[File:Cleveland Soldiers and Sailors Monument.jpg|150px]]
| 4 July 1894
| [[Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (Cleveland)|Cuyahoga County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument]]
| United States
| [[Cleveland]]
| [[Public Square, Cleveland|Public Square]]
| 41.499535 N 81.692925 W
| 38 m
|
|-
| [[File:Александрийская колонна3.jpg|150px]]
| 1894
| [[Alexander Column (Rostov-on-Don)|Column of Alexander II]]
| Ukraine
| [[Rostov-on-Don]]
|
| 47.227747 N 39.749096 E
| 11 m
|
|-
| [[File:02.11.2007._München_-_panoramio.jpg|150px]]
| 1896
| [[Angel of Peace]]
| Germany
| [[Munich]]
| Maximilian Park
| 48.141367 N 11.596993 E
| 38 m
|
|-
| [[File:Seven chieftains of the Magyars and Statue of Gabriel. Millennium Monument. Budapest 029.jpg|150px]]
| 1900
| Millenium Monument
| Hungary
| [[Budapest]]
| [[Hősök tere]]
| 47.515151 N 19.078157 E
| 36 m
|
|-
| [[File:Monument au Girondins (Bordeaux) (1).jpg|150px]]
| 1902
| Monument aux Girondins
| France
| [[Bordeaux]]
| [[Place des Quinconces]]
| 44.845395 N 0.574875 W
| 54 m
|
|-
| [[File:Marienfigur,Appelhülsen,Kirchplatz,A52.JPG|150px]]
| 1904
| [[Mariensäule, Appelhülsen|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Appelhülsen]]
|
| 51.898525 N 7.422997 E
| 5.4 m
|
|-
| [[File:Ukraine-Lviv-Monument to Adam Mickiewicz-2.jpg|150px]]
| 30 October 1904
| [[Column of Adam-Mickiewicz]]
| Ukraine
| [[Lviv]]
| [[Stare Misto]]
| 49.839453 N 24.030012 E
| 21 m
|
|-
| [[File:Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument from southwest.jpg|150px]]
| 15 November 1908
| [[Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument]]
| United States
| [[Brooklyn]]
| [[Fort Greene Park]]
| 40.691803 N 73.975543 W
| 45 m
|
|-
| [[File:Mariensäule (Bozen) mit Goetheschule.jpg|150px]]
| 1909
| [[Mary Column, Bolzano|Mariensäule]]
| Italy
| [[Bolzano]]
|
| 46.501523 N 11.354488 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:Monumento ao Visconde de Mauá.jpg|150px]]
| 1910
| Monument to the [[Irineu Evangelista de Sousa, Viscount of Mauá|Viscount of Mauá]]
| Brazil
| [[Rio de Janeiro]]
| [[Praça Mauá]]
| 22.896219 S 43.180941 W
| 8 m
|
|-
| [[File:Baiyushan_tower_,Lvshun,Dalian.jpg|150px]]
| 1910
| Baiyushan Tower
| China
| [[Dalian]]
| [[Baiyu Mountain]]
| 38.809298 N 121.252039 E
| 66.8 m
|
|-
| [[File:PaseoAngelBicylistsDF.jpg|150px]]
| 16 September 1910
| [[The Angel of Independence|El Ángel]]
| Mexico
| [[Mexico City]]
| [[Paseo de la Reforma]]
| 19.427004 N 99.167680 W
| 45 m
|
|-
| [[File:La India Monument, Caracas.jpg|150px]]
| 1911
| [[India de El Paraíso]]
| Venezuela
| [[Caracas]]
| Intersection of Páez, O'Higgins, Teherán and Principal de La Vega
| 10.475210 N 66.946073 W
|
|
|-
| [[File:Plazadelasbatallas.jpg|150px]]
| 20 October 1912
| [[Monumento a las Batallas de Jaén]]
| Spain
| [[Jaén, Spain|Jaén]]
| [[Parque de la Concordia]]
| 37.772703 N 3.788722 W
| 12 m
|
|-
| [[File:Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial .JPG|150px]]
| 1915
| [[Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial]]
| United States
| [[Put-in-Bay, Ohio|Put-in-Bay]]
|
| 41.654118 N 82.811319 W
| 107 m
| World's tallest [[doric column]]
|-
| [[File:TUNJA25.jpg|150px]]
| 1916
| [[Columna a los Mártires]]
| Colombia
| [[Tunja]]
| Plazoleta de San Laureano
| 5.527128 N 73.363204 W
|
|
|-
|
| 1920
| [[Sanjan Stambh]]
| India
| [[Sanjan (Gujarat)|Sanjan]]
|
| 20.189365 N 72.816668 E
| 15 m
|
|-
|
| 20 March 1921
| [[Bromley Parish Church Memorial]]
| United Kingdom
| [[London]]
| [[Bromley]]
| 51.404999 N 0.012606 E
| 5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Monumento a Colón, Buenos Aires.jpg|150px]]
| 15 June 1921
| [[Monumento a Cristóbal Colón, Buenos Aires|Monumento a Cristóbal Colón]]
| Argentina
| [[Buenos Aires]]
| [[Aeroparque Jorge Newbery|Aeropaque, Costanera Norte]]
| 34.556888 S 58.409768 W
| 26 m
|
|-
| [[File:Mairie-saint-denis.JPG|150px]]
| 1923
| [[Colonne de la Victoire]]
| France
| [[Saint-Denis, Réunion|Saint-Denis]]
| Corner of the Avenue de la Victoire and the Rue de Paris
| 20.878478 S 55.448484 E
|
|
|-
| [[File:(Barcelona) Monument a Jacint Verdaguer - Josep M. Pericas, arquitecte; Joan Borrell i Nicolau, escultor.jpg|150px]]
| 1924
| [[Jacint Verdaguer Monument]]
| Spain
| [[Barcelona]]
| Plaza de Mosén Jacint Verdaguer
| 41.399142 N 2.169941 E
| 21.6 m
|
|-
| [[File:Astoria Column e.jpg|150px]]
| 1926
| [[Astoria Column]]
| United States
| [[Astoria, Oregon|Astoria]]
| City Park
| 46.181327 N 123.817557 W
| 38 m
|
|-
| [[File:Monumento ai Caduti piazza della Vittoria Forlì.JPG|150px]]
| 30 October 1932
| [[Monumento alla Vittoria, Forlì|Monumento alla Vittoria]]
| Italy
| [[Forlì]]
| [[Piazzale della Vittoria, Forlì|Piazzale della Vittoria]]
| 44.218153 N 12.050071 E
| 32 m
|
|-
| [[File:Freedom Monument Company of Guard of Honor, Riga, Latvia - Diliff.jpg|150px]]
| 18 November 1935
| [[Freedom Monument]]
| Latvia
| [[Riga]]
| Freedom Boulevard
| 56.951461 N 24.113295 E
| 42 m
|
|-
| [[File:Butte de Montfaucon (Américains - Argonne 1918).JPG|150px]]
| 1 August 1937
| [[Meuse-Argonne American Memorial]]
| France
| [[Montfaucon-d'Argonne]]
|
| 49.272768 N 5.141671 E
| 71 m
|-
|
| 27 October 1938
| [[Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brâncuși at Târgu Jiu#Endless Column|Endless Column]]
| Romania
| [[Târgu Jiu]]
| [[Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brâncuși at Târgu Jiu|Ensemble]]
| 45.037446 N 23.285378 E
| 29.3 m
|
|-
| [[File:VictoryMonumentBKK.JPG|150px]]
| 24 June 1941
| [[Victory Monument (Thailand)|Victory Monument]]
| Thailand
| [[Bangkok]]
| Traffic circle of Phahonyothin Road, Phaya Thai Road, and Ratchawithi Road
| 13.764921 N 100.538288 E
| 50 m
|
|-
| [[File:Monument to the Heroes of the Restoration1.JPG|150px]]
| 1944
| [[Monumento de Santiago]]
| Dominican Republic
| [[Santiago de los Caballeros]]
|
| 19.450883 N 70.694735 W
| 67 m
|
|-
| [[File:Wrocław - Iglica1.jpg|105px]]
| 1948
| [[Iglica]]
| Poland
| [[Wrocław]]
|
| 51.107536 N 17.075415 E
| 96 m
| Originally 106 m tall
|-
|
| 1948
| [[Mariensäule, Waxweiler|Mariensäule]]
| Germany
| [[Waxweiler]]
|
| 50.095645 N 6.369710 E
| 16 m
|
|-
| [[File:Porto (11815386885).jpg|150px]]
| 1951
| [[Monumento aos Heróis da Guerra Peninsular, Porto|Monumento aos Heróis da Guerra Peninsular]]
| Portugal
| [[Porto]]
| [[Rotunda da Boavista]]
| 41.157945 N 8.629145 W
| 45 m
|
|-
| [[File:Guernsey July 2011 170, Doyle Monument.jpg|150px]]
| 1953
| [[Doyle Monument]]
| United Kingdom
| [[Guernsey]]
| [[Jerbourg Point]]
| 49.426998 N 2.534189 W
|
| Replacing an earlier column demolished during the [[German occupation of the Channel Islands|German occupation]].
|-
|
| 1957
| [[Cenotaph for the Friendship Between China and USSR]]
| China
| [[Lüshunkou District|Lüshun]]
|
| 38.807023 N 121.235220 E
| 22.2 m
|
|-
| [[File:Jakarta Indonesia National-Monument-02.jpg|150px]]
| 12 July 1975
| [[Monas]]
| Indonesia
| [[Jakarta]]
| [[Merdeka Square, Jakarta|Merdeka Square]]
| 6.175402 S 106.827128 E
| 132 m
|
|-
| [[File:National Capitol Columns - Washington, D.C..jpg|150px]]
| 1985
| [[National Capitol Columns]]
| United States
| [[Washington, D.C.]]
| [[United States National Arboretum|National Arboretum]]
| 38.910251 N 76.967537 W
|
| Originally from the portico of the [[United States Capitol]]
|-
|
| 2001
| [[Independence Monument, Kyiv|Independence Monument]]
| Ukraine
| [[Kyiv]]
| [[Maidan Nezalezhnosti]]
| 50.449522 N 30.525314 E
| 63 m
|
|-
| [[File:Dublin S Spire (136254381).jpeg|150px]]
| 21 January 2003
| [[Spire of Dublin]]
| Ireland
| [[Dublin]]
| [[O'Connell Street]]
| 53.349812 N 6.260257 W
| 120 m
| replacement for [[Nelson's Pillar]]
|-
| [[File:Angel chihuahua.jpg|150px]]
| 15 September 2003
| [[Ángel de la Libertad]]
| Mexico
| [[Chihuahua City]]
| Plaza Mayor
| 28.639979 N 106.072550 W
| 35 m
|
|-
| [[File:Trinity Coloumn.JPG|150px]]
| 2004
| [[Column of Glory]]
| Russia
| [[Saint Petersburg]]
| [[Trinity Cathedral, Saint Petersburg|Trinity Cathedral]]
| 59.916475 N 30.307055 E
| 29 m
| Replaces an identical column, destroyed in 1929
|-
| [[File:Luminarea recunostintei, Soroca 2007.jpg|150px]]
| 27 March 2004
| [[Thanksgiving Candle]]
| Moldova
| [[Soroca]]
|
| 48.137139 N 28.304762 E
| 29.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:The History Column at Cocking - geograph.org.uk - 1949812.jpg|150px]]
| 15 April 2005
| Cocking History Column
| United Kingdom
| [[Cocking, West Sussex|Cocking]]
|
| 50.950212 N 0.753411 W
| 4.57 m
|
|-
| [[File:Michael Archangel Sochi.jpg|150px]]
| 10 May 2006
| [[Column of the Archangel Michael]]
| Russia
| [[Sochi]]
|
| 43.582217 N 39.722351 E
| 20 m
|
|-
| [[File:TallinnWarMemorial2009.JPG|150px]]
| 23 June 2009
| [[War of Independence Victory Column]]
| Estonia
| [[Tallinn]]
| [[Freedom Square, Tallinn|Freedom Square]]
| 59.434016 N 24.743070 E
| 23.5 m
|
|-
| [[File:Madrid - Obelisco de Plaza de Castilla.JPG|100px]]
| 2009
| [[Caja Madrid Obelisk]]
| Spain
| [[Madrid]]
| [[Plaza de Castilla]]
| 40.466027 N 3.689346 W
| 92 m
|
|-
| [[File:(Barcelona) Quatre Columnes (Four Columns) by Josep Puig i Cadafalch.jpg|150px]]
| 2010
| [[The Four Columns]]
| Spain
| [[Barcelona]]
| Near the [[Magic Fountain of Montjuïc]]
| 41.370689 N 2.152085 E
| 20 m
| Replace originals, which were demolished in 1928.
|-
|-
| [[File:Memorial_Agostinho_Neto.JPG|150px]]
| 2012
| [[Agostinho Neto Memorial]]
| Angola
| [[Luanda]]
| Praça da República
| 8.823684 S 13.218869 E
| 120 m
|
|}

==List of Roman victory columns==
Of the columns listed above, the following are the Roman columns. [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] [[triumphal column]]s were either [[monolith]]ic [[Column|pillar]]s or composed of column drums; in the later case, these were often hollowed out to accommodate an [[List of ancient spiral stairs|ancient spiral staircase]] leading up to the platform on top.

The earliest triumphal column was [[Trajan's Column]] which, dedicated in 113 AD, defined its architectural form and established its symbolic value as a political monument alongside the older [[Roman triumphal arch]]es, providing a lingering model for its successors to this day. The imperial capitals of [[Rome]] and [[Constantinople]] house the most ancient triumphal columns.

All dimensions are given here in [[Meter|metres]], though it was the [[Ancient Roman units of measurement|Roman foot]] by which ancient architects determined the harmonious proportions of the columns, and which is thus crucial for understanding their design.{{sfn|Jones|1993|pp=23–38}} The list is sorted by date of erection.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! class="unsortable" | Image
! Date
! Monument
! City
! Location
! Height above ground
! Comment
|-
| [[File:Colonnatraiana.jpg|150px|Trajan's Column in Trajan's Forum]]
| AD 113
| [[Trajan's Column]]
| [[Rome]]
| [[Trajan's Forum]]
| 35.07 m{{sfn|Jones|2000|p=220}}
| Archetype of victory column
|-
| [[File:Musei vaticani - base colonna antonina 01106.JPG|150px|The extant base of the Column of Antoninus Pius]]
| AD 161
| [[Column of Antoninus Pius]]
| [[Rome]]
| [[Campus Martius]]
|
|
|-
| [[File:Kolumna Aureliusza.jpg|150px|The Column of Marcus Aurelius in Piazza Colonna]]
| Before AD 193
| [[Column of Marcus Aurelius]]
| [[Rome]]
| [[Piazza Colonna]]
| 39.72 m{{sfn|Jones|2000|p=220}}
| Directly modelled on Trajan's Column
|-
| [[File:GothsColumn1.JPG|150px|The Column of the Goths in Gülhane Park]]
| Between AD 268 and 337
| [[Column of the Goths]]
| [[Istanbul]]
| [[Gülhane Park]]
|
|
|-
| [[File:Alexandria - Pompey's Pillar - standing alone.JPG|150px|Pompey's Pillar]]
| AD 297
| [[Pompey's Pillar (column)|Pompey's Pillar]]
| [[Alexandria]]
|
| 26.85 m{{sfn|Adam|1977|pp=50f|loc=refers to base, column shaft plus capital}}
|
|-
| [[File:Gurlitt Constantine column.jpg|100px|Column of Constantine in 1912]]
| AD 330
| [[Column of Constantine]]
| [[Istanbul]]
| [[Forum of Theodosius]]
|
|
|-
|
|
| [[Column of Theodosius]]
| [[Istanbul]]
| [[Forum of Theodosius]]
|
|
|-
| [[File:Gurlitt Arcadius Column.jpg|100px|Column of Arcadius in the Forum of Arcadius]]
| AD 421
| [[Column of Arcadius]]
| [[Istanbul]]
| [[Forum of Arcadius]]
|
|
|-
| [[File:ColumnOfMarcianInIstanbulApril2007.jpg|150px|The Column of Marcian in 2007]]
| AD 455
| [[Column of Marcian]]
| [[Istanbul]]
|
|
|
|-
| [[File:Gurlitt Justinian column.jpg|150px|Reconstruction of the column, after Cornelius Gurlitt, 1912. The depiction of a helical narrative frieze around the column, after the fashion of Trajan's Column, is erroneous.]]
| AD 543
| [[Column of Justinian]]
| [[Istanbul]]
| Square of the [[Augustaeum]]
|
| Destroyed by earthquake in the 16th century
|-
| [[File:RomaForoRomanoColonnaFoca.JPG|150px|Column of Phocas in the Foro Romano]]
| AD 608
| [[Column of Phocas]]
| [[Rome]]
| [[Roman Forum]]
|
| Last addition to the ''Forum Romanum''
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of ancient architectural records#Columns|Record-holding columns in antiquity]]
* [[List of modern obelisks]]
* [[List of Roman obelisks]]
* [[List of Roman spiral stairs]]
* [[List of Roman triumphal arches]]
* [[Iaat]], near [[Baalbek]], Lebanon
* [[Obelisk]]
* [[Rostral column]]
* [[Triumphal arch]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
Part of this page is based on the article [[:de:Siegessäule|Siegessäule]] in the [[:de:|German-language Wikipedia]].
* {{citation
| last = Adam
| first = Jean-Pierre
| title = À propos du trilithon de Baalbek: Le transport et la mise en oeuvre des mégalithes
| journal = Syria
| volume = 54
| issue = 1/2
| year = 1977
| pages = 31–63 (50f.)
| doi=10.3406/syria.1977.6623
}}
*{{Cite web|title=LSA-2458: Demolished spiral column once crowned by colossal statue of Theodosius I, emperor; later used for statue of Anastasius, emperor. Constantinople, Forum of Theodosius (Tauros). 386-394 and 506|url=http://laststatues.classics.ox.ac.uk/database/discussion.php?id=2832|last=Gehn|first=Ulrich|date=2012|website=Last Statues of Antiquity|publisher=Oxford University|access-date=2020-05-08}}
*{{Cite web|title=LSA-2459: Demolished spiral column once crowned by colossal statue of Arcadius, emperor. Constantinople, Forum of Arcadius. 401-21|url=http://laststatues.classics.ox.ac.uk/database/discussion.php?id=2833|last=Gehn|first=Ulrich|date=2012|website=Last Statues of Antiquity|publisher=Oxford University|access-date=2020-05-08}}
* {{citation
| last = Jones
| first = Mark Wilson
| title = One Hundred Feet and a Spiral Stair: The Problem of Designing Trajan's Column
| journal = Journal of Roman Archaeology
| volume = 6
| year = 1993
| pages = 23–38
| doi = 10.1017/S1047759400011454
| s2cid = 250348951
}}
* {{citation
| last = Jones
| first = Mark Wilson
| title = Principles of Roman Architecture
| publisher = Yale University Press
| year = 2000
| isbn = 0-300-08138-3
}}

== Further reading ==
* {{citation
| last = Beckmann
| first = Martin
| title = The 'Columnae Coc(h)lides' of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius
| journal = Phoenix
| volume = 56
| issue = 3/4
| year = 2002
| pages = 348–357
| doi=10.2307/1192605
| jstor = 1192605
}}

== External links ==
*{{Commonscatinline|Triumph columns}}

{{Ancient Roman architecture lists}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Victory Column}}
[[Category:Roman victory columns| ]]
[[Category:Monumental columns|*]]
[[Category:Ancient Roman architecture|Victory column]]
[[Category:Lists of ancient Roman buildings and structures|Victory columns]]
[[Category:Lists of monuments and memorials|Roman victory columns]]
[[Category:Stone monuments and memorials]]
[[Category:Victory monuments|*]]
[[Category:Types of monuments and memorials]]

wiki143 - User contributions [en]

Victory column