wiki143 - User contributions [en]

Richard Waites

2024-09-13T21:38:39Z

76.158.90.223: /* Professional */

{{short description|American lawyer and social psychologist}}
{{notability|Biographies|date=August 2016}}
'''Richard C. Waites''', J.D., Ph.D., (October 7, 1951-April 25, 2016), a noted board certified trial attorney and social [[psychologist]], is an internationally recognized expert in jury and courtroom decision maker research, a field he helped to develop and that he continues to advance.

Waites is the author of three books and a number of comprehensive articles on [[law]] and [[psychology]] topics, including a well known courtroom psychology treatise entitled [http://www.lawcatalog.com/product_detail.cfm?productID=1857 ''Courtroom Psychology and Trial Advocacy'']. published by [http://www.americanlawyer.com American Lawyer Media].

Between 1973 and 2002, Waites studied, conducted research, and/or practiced as a board certified trial attorney and social psychologist during which time he reviewed thousands of peer reviewed scientific research studies and learned how best to integrate applicable findings into the process of understanding the decision-making processes of judges, jurors, and arbitrators.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}

Along with this understanding, Waites continually experimented and developed techniques and methods of enhancing the persuasive power of courtroom arguments in presentations. His research and practice included elements of [[social psychology]], [[experimental psychology]], [[developmental psychology]], [[communications]], [[organizational psychology]], and other applied fields of psychology.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}

==Jury research==

One of the specific applications of [[experimental psychology]] is in the study of the decision making processes of individual jurors and jury groups in the courtrooms of federal and state courts in the United States. Using quantitative and qualitative social science research techniques, Waites has helped to advance the use of reliable and useful testing techniques in accurately determining the most likely perceptions of jurors to further knowledge of jury decision making in specific litigation matters while at the same time improving the quality of courtroom presentations by trial advocates for the benefit of juries and trial courts.<ref>[http://www.apa.org/science/standards.html American Psychological Association - Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing]; accessed November 28, 2015.</ref>

Waites' work in this highly specialized field is notable for many reasons. His approach to the design and implementation of jury research techniques and development of persuasive courtroom presentations is governed by his achievements as an experienced trial attorney and an experienced doctoral level social scientist.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}

==Publications==
Between 1982 and 2003, he published many of his research findings and discoveries of advanced trial advocacy techniques designed to enhance the effectiveness of courtroom presentations to judges, juries, and arbitration panels. During this time, many books, professional papers, and articles written by Waites appeared in publications of academic institutions, professional societies, and legal associations. Many of his papers and articles have more recently appeared as part of the curriculum in academic and professional training programs.<ref>[http://careercenter.hin.com/cgi-local/careercenter/searchresumes.cgi?flag=view_resume&id_resume=873 Health Management Career Center], careercenter.hin.com; accessed November 28, 2015.</ref>

In each of these works, Waites explored varied applications of jury research findings to the practice of law and trial advocacy in the courtroom. These papers and articles have been published by national, state, and local bar associations and attorney professional groups, such as the American Bar Association, the Defense Research Institute, American Health Lawyers Association, Federation of Defense and Corporate Counsel, and many other professional organizations engaged in professional education of courtroom practitioners.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}

In 2003, editors and publishers with [http://www.americanlawyer.com American Lawyer Media] invited Waites to author a book for trial attorneys and corporate representatives who manage litigation which would merge practically useful knowledge from peer-reviewed social science and psychology research with state-of-the-art trial advocacy practice. This book, entitled [http://lawcatalog.com/product_detail.cfm?productID=1857 Courtroom Psychology and Trial Advocacy], was released in 2004.

After 2004, Waites published many professional papers and articles exploring varied applications of jury research findings to the practice of law and trial advocacy in the courtroom. In 2010, Waites and James E. Lawrence, Director of the Blakely Advocacy Institute at University of Houston Law Center and senior trial consultant with The Advocates, published the first known work examining the application of social science research techniques for use in international arbitration advocacy. (Chapter 4: "Psychological Dynamics in International Arbitration Advocacy" in The Art of Advocacy in International Arbitration, 2nd edition, authored by Doak Bishop and Edward G. Kehoe and published by Juris Publishing, 2010).{{citation needed|date=November 2015}} In this work, Waites and Lawrence examine the merger of experimental social science research techniques used widely in the United States with multi-culturalism for use in the development of persuasive advocacy in the international arbitration context.{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}

Waites’ published articles and presentations continue to be used by academic, legal, and professional organizations as part of their continuing education programs for professionals who practice in the courtroom. e.g. [http://www.seak.com/semjune05EWCfullsched.htm Seak Expert Witness Conference] [https://www.crittendenmedical.com/ Crittenden Medical Insurance Conference - 2007], [http://dri.org/DRI/open/CLE.aspx?sem=20080175 Defense Research Institute – Medical and Health Care Law Conference].

==Awards and affiliations==
As a prominent board certified trial attorney and social psychologist, Waites is the recipient of numerous professional awards and honors. He is a member of the [http://www.abanet.org American Bar Association], [http://www.apa.org American Psychological Association], [http://www.ap-ls.org American Psychology - Law Society], [http://www.astcweb.org American Society of Trial Consultants], [http://www.dri.org Defense Research Institute], [http://www.nita.org National Institute of Trial Advocacy], and the [http://www.texasbar.com State Bar of Texas]. He is board certified as a civil trial attorney by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization and has received a personal 'AV" rating by [http://www.martindale.com Martindale Hubbell].

==Background and education==
He conducted his undergraduate and early graduate work in social science and psychology at the [[University of West Georgia]] in [[Carrollton, Georgia]]. The psychology department at the university is believed to be one of only two university psychology departments in the United States that focus on the study of [[humanistic psychology]].{{citation needed|date=November 2015}}

==Professional==
He obtained his J.D. from the [[University of Houston]] [[University of Houston Law Center|Law Center]] and afterwards practiced law as a trial attorney for 13 years. During this time, Waites represented hundreds of individuals and corporations in litigation matters, including more than 70 jury trials. After a lengthy examination and review process stipulated by the Supreme Court of Texas, he became board certified as a civil trial attorney. At about the same time, Waites continued his education in psychology and received his doctorate (Ph.D.) (summa cum laude) in psychology from [[Walden University]] in [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]].

Waites is one of the founders of Advocacy Sciences, Inc. ([http://www.theadvocates.com The Advocates]), the largest jury and [[trial consulting]] firm in the United States. The Advocates has 23 professional trial consultants and offices in 17 major cities throughout the nation. He serves as The Advocates' CEO/Chief Trial Psychologist.

==See also==
* [[Jury research]]
* [[Legal psychology]]
* [[Scientific jury selection]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Abbott, Walter F. and Batt, John, ''A Handbook of Jury Research'', Published by the American Law Institute - American Bar Association (1999), 798 pp.
* Ballesteros, Sydney G. "Don't Mess With Texas Voir Dire", 39 Houston L. Rev. 202-241.
* Griffith, James D., Hart, Christian L., Kessler, Jill, and Goodling, Morgan L., Trial consultants: Perceptions of eligible jurors, Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research. 2007 Jun Vol 59(2) 148-153.
* Hans, Valerie P., Vidmar, Neil, and Zeisel, Hans, ''Judging the Jury'', Published by Basic Books (2001), 286 pp.
* Jeffreys, B., "Enron Defendant Worked Alongside Attorneys to Win Acquittal", (Texas Lawyer, Nov. 18, 2004).
* Lieberman, Joel D. and Sales, Bruce D. "Additional trial consulting techniques that aid jury selection" in Scientific Jury Selection. (pp. 167–185). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association (2007) ix, 261 pp.
* Posey, Amy J. and Wrightsman, Lawrence S., Trial consulting, American Psychology-Law Society Series. New York, NY, US: Oxford University Press (2005), 272 pp.
* Strier, Franklin, "Whither trial consulting? Issues and projections": Erratum. Law and Human Behavior. 1999 Apr Vol 23(2), 269 (original article: Law and Human Behavior. 1999 Feb Vol 23(1) 93-115.
* Vidmar, Neil and Hans, Valerie P., ''American Juries'', Published by Prometheus Books (2007), 428 pp.
* Waites, Richard C. and Giles, David A., "Are Jurors Equipped to Decide the Outcome of Complex Cases?", 29 Am. J. Trial Advoc. 19 (2005).
* Waites, Richard C. and Lawrence, James E., Chapter 4: "Psychological Dynamics in International Arbitration Advocacy" in The Art of Advocacy in International Arbitration, 2nd edition, Doak Bishop and Edward G. Kehoe Editors, Published by Juris Publishing (2010), 668 pp.
* Waites, Richard C., ''Courtroom Psychology and Trial Advocacy'', Published by American Lawyer Media (2004), 625 pp.
* Waites, Richard C., "Juror Perceptions About Lawsuits and Tort Reform", 5 The Jury Expert, 1 (Published by the American Society of Trial Consultants)(2007).
* Waites, Richard C., "Is Restricting Voir Dire Just Good Court Management or Infringement of Due Process?, THE LEGAL INTELLIGENCER, July 11, 2000, WL 7/11/2000 TLI 7, at 1.

==External links==
* [http://www.abanet.org/ American Bar Association]
* [http://www.apa.org/ American Psychological Association]
* [http://www.ap-ls.org American Psychology - Law Society]
* [http://www.astcweb.org American Society of Trial Consultants]
* [http://www.theadvocates.com The Advocates (Advocacy Sciences, Inc.)]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Waites, Richard}}
[[Category:American lawyers]]
[[Category:American social psychologists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:University of Houston Law Center alumni]]
[[Category:1951 births]]
[[Category:American male writers]]

Bruce Downey

2024-09-13T21:14:21Z

76.158.90.223:

{{Short description|American businessperson and former CEO}}
{{Infobox person
|name = Bruce L. Downey
|birth_date =
|birth_place =
|death_date =
|nationality = American
|citizenship =
|known_for =
|education =
|alma_mater = [[Miami University|Miami]], B.A. <br>[[Moritz College of Law|Ohio State]], J.D.
|employer = New Spring Capital
|years_active =
|title = Partner
|party =
}}

'''Bruce Downey''' is the former chairman and CEO of [[Barr Pharmaceuticals]] (bought by [[Teva Pharmaceuticals]]) and in 2009 became a partner at New Spring Capital, a venture capital firm.<ref name=Bloomberg>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=254293&privcapId=106691&previousCapId=268899196&previousTitle=Synlogic,%20Inc.|title=Bloomberg: Bruce L. Downey J.D. |date= |work=Bloomberg |publisher= |accessdate=20 August 2016 }}</ref>

== Career ==

Downey began his career in the Honors Program of the [[U.S. Department of Justice]]. He later worked as a special litigation counsel at the [[U.S. Department of Energy]] and then became a partner at the law firm of [[Winston & Strawn]].

In January 1993, Downey was appointed president and chief operating officer of [[Barr Pharmaceuticals]]. He became chairman and CEO in 1994 when Barr's founder Edwin A. Cohen stepped down.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/01_40/b3751049.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011115024641/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/01_40/b3751049.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 15, 2001|title=Bruce Downey, Generic-Drug Lord|date=October 1, 2001|work=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|publisher=Business Week Online|accessdate=7 September 2010}}</ref> During Downey's tenure at Barr, the company grew revenue from $60 million to more than $2.5 billion and became the fourth largest global [[generic drug]] company. In 2008, Barr Pharmaceuticals was acquired by Teva Pharmaceutical.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.genengnews.com/gen-news-highlights/teva-coughs-up-7-46b-for-barr-reinforcing-its-number-one-spot-in-the-generics-market/38938670/|title=Teva Coughs Up $7.46B for Barr Reinforcing Its Number One Spot in the Generics Market|date=July 18, 2008|publisher=Genetic, Engineering & Biotechnology News|accessdate=7 September 2010}}</ref> Downey was named [[Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award|Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year]] in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ey.com/US/en/Newsroom/News-releases/Bruce-Downey-EOY-2009-Health-sciences-category|title=Bruce Downey named Ernst & Young Entrepreneur Of The Year 2009 Winner in the Health Sciences category - Ernst & Young - United States|date=15 November 2009|work=[[Ernst & Young]]|publisher=Ernst & Young|accessdate=7 September 2010|location=Palm Springs|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091123172202/http://www.ey.com/US/en/Newsroom/News-releases/Bruce-Downey-EOY-2009-Health-sciences-category|archivedate=23 November 2009}}</ref>

Downey is a member of the board of directors for [[Cardinal Health]] and Momenta Pharmaceuticals. He also served as the chairman of the board of directors of the [[Generic Pharmaceutical Association]] from 2006 to 2008.

==Education==

Downey received a bachelor's degree with honors from [[Miami University]] in [[Oxford, Ohio]]. He then received a [[Juris Doctor]] degree from [[Ohio State University]] [[Moritz College of Law]] in 1973, where he was an editor of the Ohio State Law Journal and graduated [[Order of the Coif]].<ref name=Bloomberg/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Downey, Bruce}}
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{{US-business-bio-stub}}

LeRoy F. Millette Jr.

2024-09-13T03:36:07Z

76.158.90.223:

{{Short description|American judge}}
{{Infobox judge
|name = LeRoy Millette
|office = [[List of justices of the Supreme Court of Virginia|Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia]]
|appointer = [[Tim Kaine]]
|term_start = August 19, 2008
|term_end = July 31, 2015
|predecessor = [[G. Steven Agee]]
|successor = [[Jane Marum Roush]]
|office2 = Judge of the [[Virginia Court of Appeals]]
|appointer2 = Tim Kaine
|term_start2 = November 26, 2007
|term_end2 = August 19, 2008
|preceded2 = [[James Benton]]
|succeeded2 = [[Cleo Powell|Cleo E. Powell]]
|birth_name = LeRoy Francis Millette Jr.
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1949|7|30}}
|birth_place = [[Lewistown, Pennsylvania]], U.S.
|death_date =
|death_place =
|spouse = Mary O'Brien
|education = [[College of William and Mary]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[Juris Doctor|JD]])
}}
'''LeRoy Francis Millette Jr.''' (born July 30, 1949) is a senior justice of the [[Supreme Court of Virginia]]. Millette was appointed to the Court by Virginia Governor [[Tim Kaine]] to fill a vacancy created by the retirement of Justice [[G. Steven Agee]], who had been appointed to the federal [[4th Circuit Court of Appeals]].<ref name="SCVA">{{cite web |title=LeRoy F. Millette, Jr., August 19, 2008-July 31, 2015; Senior Justice, September 1, 2015- |url=https://scvahistory.org/scv/m/millette-jr-francis/ |website=Virginia Appellate Court History |access-date=November 19, 2022 |date=13 May 2014}}</ref> On February 11, 2009, Millette was confirmed for a full 12-year term by the Virginia General Assembly beginning retroactive to February 1, 2009. He entered senior service in 2015. Millette previously served for less than one year on the [[Court of Appeals of Virginia]], also having been appointed by Governor Kaine and then being subsequently confirmed by the General Assembly. Prior to that, he served as a judge of the Circuit Court of Prince William County, Virginia, in which position he presided over the capital murder trial of [[John Allen Muhammad]], the infamous Beltway Sniper.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Morello |first1=Carol |title=Muhammad Trial Judge Keeps Command of Court |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2003/10/26/muhammad-trial-judge-keeps-command-of-court/27e87452-4488-46a2-8458-a67be35a125f/ |access-date=November 19, 2022 |newspaper=Washington Post |date=October 26, 2003}}</ref> Millette confirmed the jury's sentence of death of Muhammad. Millette also was involved in some of the proceedings of the [[John and Lorena Bobbitt|Lorena Bobbitt]] trial in 1993.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Marisa |first1=Kashino |title=The Definitive Oral History of the Bobbitt Case, 25 Years Later |url=https://www.washingtonian.com/2018/06/27/definitive-oral-history-of-the-bobbitt-case-25-years-later/ |access-date=November 19, 2022 |work=Washingtonian |date=June 27, 2018}}</ref> Prior to serving on the Circuit Court, he was a general district court judge, making him one of only three Virginia jurists, along with Justice [[Lawrence L. Koontz Jr.]] and Justice [[Barbara Milano Keenan]], to have served at all four levels of courts in Virginia.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Alan |first1=Cooper |title=Justice Barbara Keenan honored for a litany of first and years of service |url=https://virginia-appeals.com/justice-barbara-keenan-honored-for-a-litany-of-first-and-years-of-service/#.Y3k9PnbMKUl |access-date=November 19, 2022 |date=May 25, 2009}}</ref> He received his undergraduate degree from the [[College of William and Mary]] and his [[Juris Doctor]] degree from the [[Marshall–Wythe School of Law]] at William and Mary. Millette is married to M. Elizabeth O’Brien Millette and they have two children, Lauren Elizabeth Millette and LeRoy F. Millette III.

Governor Kaine appointed Chesterfield Circuit Court Judge [[Cleo Powell|Cleo E. Powell]] to fill Millette's seat on the Court of Appeals. Millette was sworn in as a Supreme Court Justice on September 5, 2008.

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110720121626/http://alumni.wm.edu/magazine/spgsum_2004/alumnews_1.shtml College of William & Mary profile]
*[http://www.governor.virginia.gov/MediaRelations/NewsReleases/viewRelease.cfm?id=548 Official announcement of Millette's appointment] – Office of the Governor of Virginia

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Millette, Leroy F. Jr.}}
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[[Category:20th-century American lawyers]]
[[Category:21st-century American judges]]
[[Category:21st-century American lawyers]]
[[Category:College of William & Mary alumni]]
[[Category:Justices of the Supreme Court of Virginia]]
[[Category:People from Lewistown, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:People from Prince William County, Virginia]]
[[Category:William & Mary Law School alumni]]

Charles Stack (lawyer)

2024-09-12T23:52:47Z

76.158.90.223: /* Early life and education */

{{Refimprove|date=March 2023}}
{{Short description|American lawyer (1935–2022)}}

{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Charles Stack
| birth_name = Charles Rickman Stack
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1935|09|26}}
| birth_place = [[Boston, Massachusetts]], U.S.<ref name="Congressional hearings">[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=pur1.32754067520795&view=1up&seq=61 Confirmation hearings on federal appointments : hearings before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, first session, on confirmation of appointees to the federal judiciary. pt. 3 (1996)]</ref>
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2022|09|20|1935|09|26}}
| death_place =
| other_names = Bud Stack
| citizenship =
| education = [[University of Florida]] ([[Business administration|BSBA]])<br />[[Fredric G. Levin College of Law]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Lawyer
| years_active =
| era =
| employer =
| organization =
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| movement =
| opponents =
| boards =
| spouse = Barbara A. Levine<ref name="Congressional hearings" />
| partner =
| children =
| relatives =
}}
'''Charles Rickman "Bud" Stack'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.floridabar.org/directories/find-mbr/profile/?num=76928|title=Lawyer Directory – the Florida Bar}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.martindale.com/melbourne/florida/charles-rickman-stack-p-a-798442-a/| title = Mr. Charles Rickman Stack Profile {{!}} Melbourne, FL Lawyer {{!}} Martindale.com}}</ref> (September 26, 1935 – September 20, 2022) was a Florida lawyer and a former federal judicial nominee to the [[U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit]] whose nomination became a campaign issue during the 1996 presidential campaign.

== Early life and education ==
Raised in [[Melbourne, Florida]], Stack earned a bachelor's degree in business administration from the [[University of Florida]]. He then earned a [[Juris Doctor]] degree from the [[University of Florida College of Law]].<ref>[http://www.clintonfoundation.org/legacy/102795-president-nominates-stack-to-us-court-of-appeals.htm William J. Clinton Foundation "President Nominates Stack to US Court of Appeals"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070531145612/http://www.clintonfoundation.org/legacy/102795-president-nominates-stack-to-us-court-of-appeals.htm |date=May 31, 2007 }}</ref>

== Professional career ==
Stack was a personal-injury and product liability lawyer for many years, co-founding the High Stack Gordon firm in Melbourne, Florida in 1962. His co-founder of the firm was Miami Mayor [[Robert King High]].<ref>[http://www.clintonfoundation.org/legacy/102795-president-nominates-stack-to-us-court-of-appeals.htm William J. Clinton Foundation "President Nominates Stack to US Court of Appeals"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070531145612/http://www.clintonfoundation.org/legacy/102795-president-nominates-stack-to-us-court-of-appeals.htm |date=May 31, 2007 }}</ref>

== Political involvement ==
In 1991, Stack offered to help [[Bill Clinton]] in his campaign for president after watching Clinton give a speech on [[C-SPAN]], according to an article in the [[Miami Herald]]. Stack then served as the Florida Finance Chairman for the Clinton campaign in 1992, raising $7 million for the campaign.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/23/us/dole-faults-clinton-choice-for-federal-bench.html Dole Faults Clinton Choice for Federal Bench - New York Times]</ref> Shortly after Clinton was elected president, Stack informed the Clinton administration that he was interested in an appeals-court judgeship, although the president's aides had discussed instead offering him an ambassadorship or a seat on a lower court.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/09/us/clinton-judicial-nominee-is-focus-of-gop-attack.html Clinton Judicial Nominee Is Focus of G.O.P. Attack - New York Times]</ref>

== Nomination to the Eleventh Circuit and 1996 presidential campaign controversy ==
On October 27, 1995, President Clinton nominated Stack to a seat on the Eleventh Circuit that had been vacated by [[Peter Thorp Fay]], who had taken senior status the previous year.<ref>[http://www.clintonfoundation.org/legacy/102795-president-nominates-stack-to-us-court-of-appeals.htm William J. Clinton Foundation "President Nominates Stack to US Court of Appeals"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070531145612/http://www.clintonfoundation.org/legacy/102795-president-nominates-stack-to-us-court-of-appeals.htm |date=May 31, 2007 }}</ref> "Ever since I got out of law school, I thought there should be a time when I would be a law school professor or a judge," Stack told the Associated Press in an article that appeared on its wire on April 29, 1996 "I've practiced law for 35 years. I wanted to do something new."

Although the [[U.S. Senate]] at that time was controlled by Republicans, Stack's nomination initially was not necessarily thought to be controversial. Even Republican Sen. [[Orrin Hatch]], then the chairman of the [[U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee]], praised Stack. "I think he's a good nominee," Hatch told the [[St. Petersburg Times]] in an article that appeared on October 28, 1995. "He's a close friend of the president, but I personally do not believe it should be a disqualification." On February 28, 1996, at a hearing on his nomination before the [[U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee]], Stack said he was not familiar with [[Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Peña]], a key Supreme Court ruling on minority set-aside contracts from in 1995, and acknowledged that he had only tried a handful of criminal cases, according to a March 29, 1996 article on the hearing in the St. Petersburg Times.

On April 22, 1996, Republican presidential candidate [[Bob Dole]], as part of an effort to make Clinton's judicial picks a campaign issue, called on the White House to withdraw Stack's nomination, citing what Dole called a lack of knowledge about major legal issues. "Those who seek to sit on the federal bench should be well grounded in basic constitutional law," Dole said from the floor of the [[U.S. Senate]]. Stack "does not meet this standard," Dole said. Three days earlier, Dole had made a speech in which he pledged to make Clinton's judicial picks a major issue during the 1996 presidential race.

On May 9, 1996, Stack asked President Clinton to withdraw his nomination to the Eleventh Circuit.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/10/us/court-nominee-steps-down-in-gain-for-dole.html Court Nominee Steps Down in Gain for Dole - New York Times]</ref> "It was not to be!" Stack wrote in his letter to Clinton requesting that his nomination be withdrawn, according to an article in the St. Petersburg Times that was published on May 10, 1996. "Election-year politics has brought criticism and negative comment, which ordinarily would not have been forthcoming from people who knew little or nothing about me. These unfortunate conditions have resulted in extended delay of any action by the Senate. Moreover, it would be naive of me to believe, under such prevailing conditions, that the Senate would at this time act favorably on my appointment." Stack told the Miami Herald in an article that appeared on May 10, 1996 that "I couldn't get through the Senate on the partisan vote that would have occurred." The withdrawal was formally submitted to the Senate on May 13, 1996.<ref>[http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=52826 William J. Clinton: Nominations Submitted to the Senate]</ref>

In 1997, Clinton nominated [[Stanley Marcus (judge)|Stanley Marcus]] to the seat to which Stack had been nominated. Marcus was confirmed by the [[U.S. Senate]] later that year.

== Personal life ==

Stack died on September 20, 2022.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/legacyremembers/charles-bud-stack-obituary?id=36856887 | title=Charles "Bud" Stack Obituary (1935 - 2022) - Legacy Remembers | website=[[Legacy.com]] }}</ref> He was survived by a wife, his son and two daughters.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160611011126/http://www.highstacklaw.com/Attorneys-Staff/Charles-R-Bud-Stack.aspx High Stack profile]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Stack, Charles Bud}}
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:2022 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Melbourne, Florida]]
[[Category:University of Florida alumni]]
[[Category:Fredric G. Levin College of Law alumni]]
[[Category:Florida lawyers]]

Jim Barrett (winemaker)

2024-09-12T23:49:40Z

76.158.90.223: /* Early life and education */

{{short description|American winery owner}}
{{for|the West Ham United players|Jim Barrett, Sr.|Jim Barrett, Jr.}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Jim Barrett
| honorific_suffix =
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1926|11|8}}<ref name="Obit">{{cite web|title=James L. Barrett dies; pioneering Napa vintner|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-james-barrett-20130319,0,1632780.story?track=rss|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|accessdate=19 March 2013|date=March 19, 2013 |author=Virbila, S. Irene}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Chicago, Illinois]], U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2013|3|14|1926|11|8}}
| death_place = [[San Francisco, California]], U.S.
| death_cause =
| education = [[University of California, Los Angeles]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br>[[Loyola Marymount University]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])
| occupation = Winery owner
| years_active = 1972–1982
| employer =
| organization =
| known_for = Owner/producer at [[Chateau Montelena]] when their 1973 [[Chardonnay]] won the [[Judgment of Paris (wine)|Judgment of Paris]] in 1976.
| spouse =
| partner =
| children = 5, including [[Bo Barrett|Bo]]
}}
'''James L. Barrett''' (November 8, 1926 – March 14, 2013) was an American businessman and the owner of [[Chateau Montelena]] which won the [[Chardonnay]] competition of the 1976 [[Judgment of Paris (wine)|Judgment of Paris]] [[wine tasting]].

== Early life and education ==
Barrett was born November 8, 1926, in Chicago to Irish immigrants John and Margaret Barrett, who moved their family to [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] in the 1930s. He spent his early years selling newspapers in Los Angeles before entering the [[United States Navy]] during [[World War II]].<ref name="Obit"/><ref>{{Cite news|last=Huffman|first=Jennifer|date=October 24, 2007|title=10 Questions for Jim Barrett of Chateau Montelena Winery, Calistoga|url=http://napavalleyregister.com/business/10-questions/questions-for-jim-barrett-of-chateau-montelena-winery-calistoga/article_dc089f74-e0ba-5770-b12c-6e1cabc92271.html|work=[[Napa Valley Register]]|location=Napa, CA|volume=|issue=|pages=|doi=|issn=|id=|accessdate=October 8, 2011}}</ref> He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the [[University of California, Los Angeles]] in 1946 and his [[Juris Doctor]] degree from [[Loyola Law School]] in 1950.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chateau Montelena - James L. Barrett|url=http://www.chateaumontelena.com/show/xmlsite/xml-standard.xml/xsl-bio.xsl/start_id-dghcjkcgicmklbkkamhkolieepgeigbcpapphkkf/|accessdate=2007-07-07|format=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008200714/http://www.chateaumontelena.com/show/xmlsite/xml-standard.xml/xsl-bio.xsl/start_id-dghcjkcgicmklbkkamhkolieepgeigbcpapphkkf/ |archive-date=2007-10-08 }}</ref>

== Career ==
Barrett first purchased [[Chateau Montelena]] winery with Ernie Hahn in 1972 from [[Lee Paschich]], retaining him as a general manager, and hired [[Mike Grgich]] to be his winemaker. Barrett uprooted the [[Chasselas]], [[Alicante Bouschet]], and [[Carignane]] that had been previously planted and replanted his acres with premium [[Cabernet Sauvignon]]. The winery purchased outsource Chardonnay grapes while waiting for the Cabernet vines to be ready.<ref name="Taber">{{cite book |author=Taber, George M.|title=Judgment of Paris: California vs. France and the Historic 1976 Paris Tasting That Revolutionized Wine| page=[https://archive.org/details/judgmentofparisc00tabe/page/142/mode/2up 142]|publisher=Scribner |url=https://archive.org/details/judgmentofparisc00tabe |date=2005-09-13 |isbn=0-7432-4751-5}}</ref> In 1982, he turned over winemaker duties to his son [[Bo Barrett]].

Barrett was portrayed by [[Bill Pullman]] in the 2008 film ''[[Bottle Shock]]''.

==Personal==
Barrett died March 14, 2013, in [[San Francisco]] at age 86. He is survived by his wife of 33 years, Judy; his children from a previous marriage, Stephanie, [[Bo Barrett]], Michael, Kevin and Gabriela; and five grandchildren.<ref name="Obit"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barrett, Jim}}
[[Category:1926 births]]
[[Category:2013 deaths]]
[[Category:United States Navy personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:American people in the wine industry]]
[[Category:American viticulturists]]
[[Category:Loyola Law School alumni]]
[[Category:People from Napa County, California]]
[[Category:History of Napa County, California]]
[[Category:Place of birth missing]]
[[Category:United States Navy sailors]]
[[Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni]]
[[Category:People from Chicago]]
[[Category:20th-century American lawyers]]

{{wine-bio-stub}}

Harold G. Maier

2024-09-12T23:48:59Z

76.158.90.223:

{{short description|American international law scholar}}
{{Infobox academic|birth_place=[[Cincinnati]], [[Ohio]], US|birth_date={{Birth year|1937}}|death_date={{Death date and given age|2014|08|24|77}}|alma_mater={{Plainlist|
* [[University of Cincinnati]]
* [[University of Cincinnati College of Law]] {{Small|([[Juris Doctor|JD]])}}
* [[University of Michigan]] {{Small|([[Master of Laws|LL.M.]])}}
}}|workplaces=[[Vanderbilt University Law School]]}}

'''Harold G. Maier''' (1937 – August 24, 2014)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://law.vanderbilt.edu/news/harold-g-maier-david-daniels-allen-distinguished-professor-of-law-emeritus-has-died/|title=Harold G. Maier, David Daniels Allen Distinguished Professor of Law Emeritus, dead at 77|last=|first=|date=2014-08-26|website=Vanderbilt University|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref> was a noted scholar in the field of [[international law]], international civil litigation, and [[conflict of laws]]. After receiving his undergraduate education at the [[University of Cincinnati]], he obtained his [[Juris Doctor]] degree from the [[University of Cincinnati College of Law]]. He also earned an [[Master of Laws|LL.M.]] from the [[University of Michigan]].<ref name=":0" /> He held the title of David Daniels Allen Professor of Law Emeritus at the [[Vanderbilt University Law School]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://law.vanderbilt.edu/bio/harold-maier|title=Harold Maier 1937-2014|last=|first=|date=|website=Vanderbilt University Law School|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302043637/https://law.vanderbilt.edu/bio/harold-maier|archive-date=2016-03-02|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref>

In addition to being a prolific author, Maier has served as Counselor on International Law to the Legal Adviser at the [[U.S. Department of State]],<ref name="Ammann2009">{{cite book|last=Ammann|first=Daniel|title=[[The King of Oil: The Secret Lives of Marc Rich]]|date=2009-10-13|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-0-312-57074-3|pages=131–}}</ref> as a member of the [[U.S. Secretary of State]]'s Advisory Committee on [[Private International Law]], and as a consultant to the Office of the [[Secretary of the Army]] on the [[Panama Canal Treaty]] Negotiations. Additionally, he has testified before congressional committees on various issues, including emergency presidential controls on international economic transactions. In 1985 he was an expert witness for the U.S. Government in civil litigation resulting from the [[Mariel boatlift]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://obits.tennessean.com/obituaries/tennessean/obituary.aspx?n=harold-g-maier&pid=172234698&fhid=11637|title=Harold G. Maier|last=|first=|date=|website=The Tennessean|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215121049/https://obits.tennessean.com/obituaries/tennessean/obituary.aspx?n=harold-g-maier&pid=172234698&fhid=11637|archive-date=2019-12-15|access-date=2019-04-22|url-status=dead}}</ref>

At Vanderbilt, he established the law school's Transnational Studies Program as well as the ''[[Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law]]''.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://law.pace.edu/News/Sloan01.html|title=Embargo Against Cuba to be Topic of Lecture|last=|first=|date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060104205612/https://law.pace.edu/News/Sloan01.html|archive-date=2006-01-04|access-date=}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060104205612/http://law.pace.edu/News/Sloan01.html Biography from Pace Law School]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Maier, Harold G.}}
[[Category:American legal scholars]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:University of Cincinnati College of Law alumni]]
[[Category:University of Michigan Law School alumni]]
[[Category:Conflict of laws scholars]]
[[Category:Vanderbilt University Law School faculty]]
[[Category:1937 births]]

Michael C. Wholley

2024-09-12T23:48:05Z

76.158.90.223: /* Career */

{{short description|United States Marine Corps general}}

{{Infobox military person
| name = Michael C. Wholley
| image = Michael C. Wholley.jpg
| caption = Wholley in the 1990s
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1944|10|07}}
| allegiance = United States
| branch = [[United States Marine Corps]]
| serviceyears = 1966–1996
| rank = [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier general]]
| commands = [[United States Marine Corps Judge Advocate Division|USMC Judge Advocate Division]]
| battles = [[Vietnam War]]
| awards = [[Bronze Star Medal|Bronze Star]]
| laterwork = [[General Counsel]] for [[NASA]]
}}

'''Michael C. Wholley''' (born October 7, 1944) is a former [[General Counsel]] for [[NASA]] and a retired [[United States Marine Corps]] [[Brigadier general (United States)|Brigadier General]].

==Early life and education==
[[File:NASA General Counsel Michael C. Wholley.jpg|thumb|upright|Wholley as NASA General Counsel]]

Wholley was born on October 7, 1944, in [[Lawrence, Massachusetts|Lawrence]], Massachusetts, attending [[Central Catholic High School (Lawrence, Massachusetts)|Central Catholic High School]]. Wholley was commissioned through the [[Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps]] program at [[Harvard University]] after receiving his [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A. degree]] in History and Literature in 1966. He holds a [[Juris Doctor|J.D. degree]] from the [[University of Virginia Law School]] in 1977; an [[Master of Laws|LL.M degree]] from [[George Washington University]] in Environmental Law and Land Use in 1985; and a master's degree in National Security and Strategic Studies from the [[Naval War College]] in 1989.<ref name=NASA>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/wholley_bio.html|title=NASA - NASA General Counsel Michael C. Wholley|website=www.nasa.gov}}</ref><ref name="USMC">{{cite web|url=https://slsp.manpower.usmc.mil/GOSA/Biographies/rptBiography.asp?PERSON_ID=356&PERSON_TYPE=General|title=Brigadier General Michael C. Wholley - Retired|work=General Officer biographies|publisher=[[United States Marine Corps]]|accessdate=4 December 2009|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304201621/https://slsp.manpower.usmc.mil/GOSA/Biographies/rptBiography.asp?PERSON_ID=356&PERSON_TYPE=General|archivedate=4 March 2012}}</ref>

==Career==
After being commissioned, Wholley attended [[The Basic School]] and competed training to become a [[United States Naval Aviator]] in 1968.<ref name="USMC" /> Trained in the [[F-4 Phantom II]], he flew combat missions in the [[Vietnam War]] with [[VMFA-115]] and [[VMA-542|VMFA-542]] from February 1969 to February 1970, and was promoted to [[Captain (United States)|captain]] in July. Upon returning to the United States, he was assigned to [[VMFA-251]] at [[Marine Corps Air Station Beaufort]] as a pilot, and later, and as the legal officer to Marine Aircraft Groups [[Marine Aircraft Group 31|31]] and [[Marine Aircraft Group 32|32]]. In January 1972, he was ordered to duty with the [[Royal Air Force]] at [[RAF Coningsby]] as an F-4 fighter weapons instructor. At the completion of this tour, he was allowed to attend law school at the University of Virginia, where he received his [[Juris Doctor]] degree in 1977.{{citation needed|date=June 2019}}

After completing [[Naval Justice School]], he was assigned to the [[2nd Marine Division (United States)|2nd Marine Division]] at [[Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune|Camp Lejeune]], where he served as a [[Criminal defense lawyer|defense counsel]], [[Prosecutor|trial counsel]], chief trial counsel, [[military justice]] officer, review officer, and deputy [[United States Marine Corps Judge Advocate Division|staff judge advocate]]. In December 1979, he was reassigned as the [[staff (military)|Staff]] Secretary and served in that position until being transferred to [[Okinawa prefecture|Okinawa]] as a military [[judge]] in July 1981. From 1982 to 1984, he served in the Office of the [[Judge Advocate General of the Navy]] as an advisory attorney. In 1984, he was selected for the Special Education Program and attended the [[George Washington University Law School]] where he received a Master of Law Degree, with highest honors, in [[land use]] management and control ([[environmental law]]).{{citation needed|date=June 2019}}

In July 1985, Wholley was assigned to [[Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point]] as the Staff Judge Advocate. He was reassigned in July 1987 as the Staff Judge Advocate and Director of Legal Services for [[2nd Marine Aircraft Wing]]. He was promoted to [[Colonel (United States)|colonel]] in July 1988 and subsequently attended the [[Naval War College]], [[Newport, Rhode Island|Newport]], Rhode Island, graduating in June 1989. He was then assigned as Staff Judge Advocate for [[Marine Corps Combat Development Command]] at [[Marine Corps Base Quantico]] from July 1989 until July 1992. He was then assigned as the Chief Judge, Navy-Marine Corps Trial Judiciary at [[Washington, D.C.]] On April 15, 1993, he was nominated for promotion to brigadier general and assignment as the Staff Judge Advocate to the [[Commandant of the United States Marine Corps|Commandant of the Marine Corps]] and Director of the [[United States Marine Corps Judge Advocate Division|Judge Advocate Division]], assuming the billet on September 29, promoted on October 7.{{citation needed|date=June 2019}}

===Post-military===
After retiring from the military in 1996, he served as executive director of the [[Marine Corps Scholarship Foundation]]. Wholley later was appointed as the General Counsel for NASA.<ref name=NASA /> He served in this position from June 2004 to June 2014.{{citation needed|date=June 2019}}

==Awards==
Wholley was awarded:
{| style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|-
|colspan="4"|[[File:Naval Aviator Badge.jpg|200px]]
|-
|colspan="4"|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Bronze Star ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=award-star|ribbon=Meritorious Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Air Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Navy and Marine Corps Commendation ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=award-star|ribbon=Combat Action Ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=United States Navy Presidential Unit Citation ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Navy Unit Commendation ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Navy Meritorious Unit Commendation ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=1|type=service-star|ribbon=National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|-
|{{ribbon devices|number=2|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Service Medal ribbon.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam gallantry cross unit award-3d.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=VNCivilActionsRibbon-2.svg|width=106}}
|{{ribbon devices|number=0|type=service-star|ribbon=Vietnam Campaign Medal ribbon with 60- clasp.svg|width=106}}
|-
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|-
|colspan="4"|[[United States Aviator Badge|Naval Aviator Badge]]
|-
|
|colspan="2"|[[Bronze Star Medal|Bronze Star]]
|
|-
|[[Meritorious Service Medal (United States)|Meritorious Service Medal]] w/ 2 [[award star]]s
|[[Air Medal]]
|[[Commendation Medal|Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal]]
|[[Combat Action Ribbon]]
|-
|[[Presidential Unit Citation (United States)|Navy Presidential Unit Citation]]
|[[Navy Unit Commendation]]
|[[Meritorious Unit Commendation|Navy Meritorious Unit Commendation]]
|[[National Defense Service Medal]] w/ 1 [[service star]]
|-
|[[Vietnam Service Medal]] w/ 2 service stars
|[[Vietnam Gallantry Cross|Vietnam Gallantry Cross unit citation]]
|[[Vietnam Civil Actions Medal|Vietnam Civil Actions unit citation]]
|[[Vietnam Campaign Medal]]
|-
|}

Wholley was also awarded the Legion of Merit.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://valor.militarytimes.com/hero/200068|title=Michael Wholley - Recipient - Military Times Hall Of Valor|website=valor.militarytimes.com}}</ref>

==References==

{{Marine Corps}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Wholley, Michael C.}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:George Washington University Law School alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard College alumni]]
[[Category:NASA people]]
[[Category:Naval War College alumni]]
[[Category:People from Lawrence, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:University of Virginia School of Law alumni]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps generals]]
[[Category:1944 births]]
[[Category:United States Naval Aviators]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Air Medal]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps Judge Advocate Division]]

John L. Carroll

2024-09-12T23:38:24Z

76.158.90.223: /* Law career */

{{Short description|American judge (1943–2023)}}
{{Similar names|John Carroll (disambiguation){{!}}John Carroll}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name = John L. Carroll
| honorific-suffix =
| image = Cumberland School of Law - Carroll.JPG
| caption = Carroll in 2006
| alt =
| office = Magistrate Judge of the [[U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama]]
| term_start = 1986
| term_end = 2001
| predecessor = [[Joel Fredrick Dubina]]
| successor = Delores R. Boyd
| prior_term =
| birth_name = John Lawrence Carroll
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1943|10|19}}
| birth_place = Washington, D.C., U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2023|8|14|1943|10|19}}
| death_place = [[Birmingham, Alabama]], U.S.
| spouse = {{marriage|Susan Gaskins|March 1970}}
| children = 1
| education = {{ubl|[[Tufts University]] ([[Bachelor of Economics|BEc]])|[[Cumberland School of Law|Samford University]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])|[[Harvard Law School|Harvard University]] ([[Master of Laws|LLM]])}}
| allegiance = 
| branch = [[United States Marine Corps]]
| serviceyears = 1965–1969
| rank = {{Dodseal|branch=USMC captain}} [[Captain (United States O-3)|Captain]]
| battles = [[Vietnam War]]
}}

'''John Lawrence Carroll''' (October 19, 1943 – August 14, 2023) was an American judge and academic administrator who was a [[United States magistrate judge|U.S. magistrate judge]] for the [[United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama|Middle District of Alabama]] from 1986 to 2001. He was also a member of the [[Judicial Conference of the United States]]'s [[Federal Rules of Civil Procedure]]. He served as the dean of the [[Cumberland School of Law]] in [[Homewood, Alabama]], from 2001 to 2014.

==Early life and military service==
John Lawrence Carroll<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/homewood-al/john-carroll-11413038|title=John Carroll Obituary - Homewood, AL|work=Dignity Memorial|access-date=August 19, 2023}}</ref> was a native of Washington, D.C., born there on October 19, 1943,<ref name="DCC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.almd.uscourts.gov/oral-histories-profiles/judge-john-l-carroll|title=Oral Histories Profiles: Judge John L. Carroll|publisher=U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Alabama|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=July 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701140743/https://www.almd.uscourts.gov/oral-histories-profiles/judge-john-l-carroll|url-status=live}}</ref> into a [[Catholicism|Catholic]] family of [[Irish-Americans|Irish descent]].<ref name="ALLawyer">{{Cite web|url=https://www.alabar.org/assets/2014/08/The_Alabama_Lawyer_03-2014.pdf|title=Dean Carroll Returns to Teaching, Serving|author1=Robert P. Makenzie III|author2=Cathy S. Wright|author3=Edward A. Hosp|author4=Lisa W. Borden|work=The Alabama Lawyer|publisher=Alabama State Bar|date=March 2014|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=December 8, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208160302/https://www.alabar.org/assets/2014/08/The_Alabama_Lawyer_03-2014.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> He graduated from [[Gonzaga College High School]], a [[Jesuits|Jesuit]] academy in the District of Columbia, in 1961.<ref name="ALLawyer" /> He went on to attend [[Tufts University]], attaining a [[bachelor's degree]] in economics in 1965.<ref name="ALLawyer" /> Afterwards, Carroll entered the military and served as a [[United States Marine Corps|Marine]] [[flight officer]] during the [[Vietnam War]], where he flew over 200 combat missions, more than 100 of which were in [[North Vietnam]].<ref name="ALLawyer" /> He received an honorable discharge from the Marine Corps in 1969 at the rank of captain.<ref name="ALLawyer" />

==Law career==
After leaving the Marine Corps, Carroll briefly worked as a furniture salesman, during which he went across the country and found a calling for law after visiting housing projects in Chicago.<ref name="ALLawyer" /> He graduated from the [[Cumberland School of Law]] at [[Samford University]], a [[Baptist Church|Baptist]] college, in 1974,<ref name="ALToday">{{Cite web|url=https://altoday.com/archives/53262-former-cumberland-law-school-dean-john-carroll-has-died|title=Former Cumberland law school dean John Carroll has died|last=Moseley|first=Brandon|work=Alabama Today|date=August 16, 2023|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=August 16, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816165312/https://altoday.com/archives/53262-former-cumberland-law-school-dean-john-carroll-has-died|url-status=live}}</ref> [[magna cum laude]], having served as member of the [[Cumberland Law Review]], on national moot court team and as student bar president.<ref name="ALLawyer" /><ref name="Velasco">{{Cite news|url=https://www.al.com/spotnews/2012/06/birminghams_cumberland_law_dea.html|title=Birmingham's Cumberland Law dean John Carroll will return to teaching|last=Velasco|first=Eric|work=AL.com|date=June 28, 2012|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=August 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818190837/https://www.al.com/spotnews/2012/06/birminghams_cumberland_law_dea.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Upon completing law school, Carroll entered the [[Master of Laws]] program at [[Harvard Law School]], where he studied constitutional law.{{sfn|Greenhaw|2011|p=235}} He also applied for a staff position at the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]], and worked his first case with the SPLC representing an African-American former Marine sergeant accused of a double murder; he and his co-workers were nearly "run off the road" by local residents who were angry that the defendant did not receive the death penalty.<ref name="ALLawyer" /> Carroll mainly worked with the SPLC on civil rights class-action lawsuits,<ref name="Velasco" /> as well as cases like ''Pugh v. Locke'', which challenged Alabama's treatment of imprisoned people.<ref name="ALLawyer" /> ''Pugh v. Locke'' led to a federal takeover of Alabama's prison system, which Carroll credited with security improvements and better access to mental health care in Alabama's prisons, which were notoriously violent and over-crowded in the 1970s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.montgomeryadvertiser.com/story/news/2021/09/24/1976-feds-took-over-alabamas-prison-system-prisons-improved/5829014001/|title=In 1976, the feds took over Alabama's prison system. And Alabama's prisons improved.|last=Lyman|first=Brian|work=Montgomery Advertiser|date=September 24, 2021|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=July 11, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711154952/https://www.montgomeryadvertiser.com/story/news/2021/09/24/1976-feds-took-over-alabamas-prison-system-prisons-improved/5829014001/|url-status=live}}</ref> Carroll became legal director of the Southern Poverty Law Center in 1975, serving for nine years.<ref name="Moore">{{Cite web|url=https://www.montgomeryadvertiser.com/story/news/local/2016/05/26/jic-picks-prosecutor-roy-moore-trial/84981618/|title=Former SPLC director picked for Roy Moore prosecution|last=Yawn|first=Andrew J.|work=Montgomery Advertiser|date=May 26, 2016|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=June 2, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602121633/https://www.montgomeryadvertiser.com/story/news/local/2016/05/26/jic-picks-prosecutor-roy-moore-trial/84981618/|url-status=live}}</ref> Carroll later said of his time with the SPLC that he wanted to commit himself with "both excellence and to making a difference".<ref name="ALLawyer" />

When Carroll stepped down as legal director at the Southern Poverty Law Center, he entered private practice and spent two years on the law faculty at [[Mercer University]]'s [[Walter F. George School of Law]].<ref name="ALLawyer" /><ref name="Velasco" /> He was also a member of the adjunct faculty at the [[University of Alabama School of Law]].<ref name="Nunnelly">{{Cite web|url=https://www.samford.edu/news/2001/Federal-Judge-John-Carroll-Named-Dean-of-Samfords-Cumberland-School-of-Law|title=Federal Judge John Carroll Named Dean of Samford's Cumberland School of Law|last=Nunnelly|first=William|publisher=Samford University|date=April 20, 2001|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=December 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203025225/https://www.samford.edu/news/2001/Federal-Judge-John-Carroll-Named-Dean-of-Samfords-Cumberland-School-of-Law|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1986, he applied for an opening in the [[United States magistrate judge|U.S. magistrate]] position at the [[United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama|Middle District of Alabama]]'s court. He was ultimately selected for the position and served as a federal trial judge until 2001.<ref name="ALLawyer"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.al.com/wire/2013/12/this_man_will_lead_samfords_la.html|title=This former law clerk will lead Samford University's law school when Judge John Carroll steps down|last=Belanger|first=Evan|work=AL.com|date=December 16, 2013|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=August 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818190859/https://www.al.com/wire/2013/12/this_man_will_lead_samfords_la.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Carroll also worked with the [[Federal Judicial Center]], where he chaired the Magistrate Judges' Education Committee, overseeing the training of other magistrate judges.<ref name="ALLawyer" /><ref name="ALR1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.alreporter.com/2014/09/03/carroll-appointed-interim-ethics-commission-director/|title=Carroll Appointed Interim Ethics Commission Director|last=Moseley|first=Brandon|work=Alabama Political Reporter|date=September 3, 2014|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=December 5, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205105726/https://www.alreporter.com/2014/09/03/carroll-appointed-interim-ethics-commission-director/|url-status=live}}</ref> Carroll was appointed by [[United States Chief Justice|chief justice]] [[William Rehnquist]] to serve on the [[Judicial Conference of the United States]]'s [[Federal Rules of Civil Procedure]], which analyzes and makes recommendations to the [[United States Supreme Court]] and the [[United States Congress]] for federal rule changes.<ref name="Nunnelly" />

==Academic career==
In 2001, Carroll retired as U.S. magistrate to accept a nomination as dean of the Cumberland School of Law, his ''alma mater''.<ref name="ALToday" /> Carroll served as dean from 2001 to 2014, one of the longest tenured law school deans in the United States.<ref name="ALToday" /> During his time as dean, the Cumberland School of Law improved its trial advocacy program, which became ranked fourth nationally in 2012.<ref name="Kopl">{{Cite web|url=https://www.al.com/news/birmingham/2023/08/john-carroll-longtime-dean-of-cumberland-school-of-law-and-former-federal-judge-dies.html|title=John Carroll, longtime dean of Cumberland School of Law and former federal judge, dies|last=Koplowitz|first=Howard|work=AL.com|date=August 14, 2023|access-date=August 15, 2023|archive-date=August 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230815072742/https://www.al.com/news/birmingham/2023/08/john-carroll-longtime-dean-of-cumberland-school-of-law-and-former-federal-judge-dies.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Carroll also cited strong alumni participation, teaching practical legal skills and outreach efforts as accomplishments he was proud of during his tenure.<ref name="ALLawyer" />

Carroll resigned as dean to focus on full-time teaching in 2014.<ref name="ALToday" /> As a professor, he taught courses at Cumberland relating to legal mediation, evidence, trial practice, ethics and professionalism, and e-discovery.<ref name="Kopl" /> In October 2014, he became acting director of the Alabama Ethics Commission following the retirement of Jim Sumner.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.al.com/news/2014/09/former_cumberland_school_of_la.html|title=Former Cumberland School of Law Dean John Carroll accepts post as acting director of Alabama Ethics Commission|last=Cason|first=Mike|work=AL.com|date=September 1, 2014|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=November 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111184948/https://www.al.com/news/2014/09/former_cumberland_school_of_la.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He was succeeded in that position by Tom Albritton in April 2015.<ref name="DCC" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.al.com/news/2015/02/alabama_ethics_commission_name.html|title=Alabama Ethics Commission names new director after six-month search|last=Edgemon|first=Erin|work=AL.com|date=February 24, 2015|access-date=August 17, 2023}}</ref> Carroll was also a member of the Alabama Access to Justice Commission and the Alabama Professionalism Commission.<ref name="DCC" />

While at the Cumberland School of Law, Carroll continued to be involved in special legal cases. In 2016, he was selected by the Judicial Inquiry Commission to prosecute former judge [[Roy Moore]] in an ethics trial. Moore's attorney, Mat Staver, attempted to dispute the nomination, citing Carroll's history with the Southern Poverty Law Center, as the SPLC had filed complaints regarding Moore, claiming it was a conflict of interest.<ref name="Moore" /> Rosa Davis, an attorney for the Judicial Inquiry Commission, dismissed Staver's complaint, saying that Carroll had "quite a resume" since his time with the SPLC over 32 years prior.<ref name="Moore" /> Moore was eventually suspended as chief justice of the [[Alabama Supreme Court]] in the case, with Carroll saying that Moore had "continue[d] to defy the law".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/7536965abcef4cf3b7e272769313738d|title=Correction: Alabama Chief Justice story|last=Chandler|first=Kim|work=Associated Press News|date=October 1, 2016|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=November 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106182649/https://apnews.com/article/7536965abcef4cf3b7e272769313738d|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2020, Carroll launched the Cumberland Veterans Legal Assistance Clinic (C-VETS), serving as the veteran organization's supervising attorney.<ref name="ALToday" /> Carroll retired from teaching as a professor in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.samford.edu/law/news/2023/Samford-University-Mourns-the-Death-of-Judge-John-Carroll-Alumnus-and-Former-Dean-of-Cumberland-School-of-Law|title=Samford University Mourns the Death of Judge John Carroll, Alumnus and Former Dean of Cumberland School of Law|last=Black|first=Morgan|publisher=Samford University|date=August 15, 2023|access-date=August 17, 2023|archive-date=August 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230818190837/https://www.samford.edu/law/news/2023/Samford-University-Mourns-the-Death-of-Judge-John-Carroll-Alumnus-and-Former-Dean-of-Cumberland-School-of-Law|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Carroll met his wife Susan Gaskins while serving in the Marine Corps; after leaving Vietnam, he was stationed at [[Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point]] in North Carolina, where he was set up for a blind date with Gaskins. The couple married in 1970, a year after they met, and had one daughter together.<ref name="ALLawyer" />

Outside of his legal career, Carroll was an active cyclist, runner and guitarist. As dean, he annually challenged his students in the Susan G. Komen Cure for Cancer Run, promising to buy dinner for any student who could beat him in the race.<ref name="ALLawyer" /> Carroll died on August 14, 2023; his death was announced by [[Samford University]] the same day. He was 79.<ref name="ALToday" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
* {{Cite book|last1=Greenhaw|first1=Wayne|title=Fighting the Devil in Dixie: How Civil Rights Activists Took on the Ku Klux Klan in Alabama|publisher=Chicago Review Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bI1rzKFsBl4C|year=2011|isbn=9781569768259|language=English}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carroll, John L.}}
[[Category:1943 births]]
[[Category:2023 deaths]]
[[Category:Tufts University alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard Law School alumni]]
[[Category:Mercer University faculty]]
[[Category:American legal scholars]]
[[Category:Lawyers from Birmingham, Alabama]]
[[Category:Deans of law schools in the United States]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Birmingham, Alabama]]
[[Category:American people of Irish descent]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Washington, D.C.]]
[[Category:Cumberland School of Law alumni]]
[[Category:University of Alabama faculty]]
[[Category:Lawyers from Washington, D.C.]]
[[Category:United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War]]