wiki143 - User contributions [en]

West Pullman, Chicago

2025-10-11T17:27:09Z

75.149.78.53: /* Transportation */

{{Short description|Community area in Chicago, Illinois}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement

|name = West Pullman
|official_name = Community Area 53 - West Pullman
|other_name =
|nickname =
|settlement_type = {{nowrap|[[Community areas of Chicago|Community area]]}}
|motto =

|image_skyline = St._Salomea_Church.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = St. Salomea Church (now Salem Baptist Church)
|image_map = US-IL-Chicago-CA53.svg
|mapsize =
|map_caption = Location within the city of Chicago
|image_map1 =
|mapsize1 =
|map_caption1 =
|pushpin_map =
|pushpin_label_position =
|pushpin_map_caption =
|pushpin_mapsize =

|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = United States
|subdivision_type1 = State
|subdivision_name1 = Illinois
|subdivision_type2 = County
|subdivision_name2 = [[Cook County, Illinois|Cook]]
|subdivision_type3 = City
|subdivision_name3 = Chicago
|parts_type = Neighborhoods
|parts_style =
|parts = list
|p1 = West Pullman
|p2 = Kensington

|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 =9.27
|population_as_of = 2020
|population_footnotes =
|population_total = 26,104
|population_note =
|population_density_km2 = auto
|demographics_type1 =[[Demographics of the United States|Demographics]] 2015<ref name="cmap">{{cite web|title=Community Data Snapshot - West Pullman|url=http://www.cmap.illinois.gov/documents/10180/126764/West+Pullman.pdf|website=cmap.illinois.gov|publisher=MetroPulse|access-date=December 4, 2017}}</ref>
|demographics1_footnotes =
|demographics1_title1 =[[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|White]]
|demographics1_info1 = 1.00%
|demographics1_title2 =Black
|demographics1_info2 = 93.39%
|demographics1_title3 =Hispanic
|demographics1_info3 = 4.83%
|demographics1_title4 =Asian
|demographics1_info4 = 0.24%
|demographics1_title5 =Other
|demographics1_info5 = 0.54%

|timezone = [[Central Time Zone (North America)|CST]]
|utc_offset = −6
|timezone_DST = [[Central Time Zone (North America)|CDT]]
|utc_offset_DST = −5
|coordinates = {{coord|41|40.8|N|87|37.8|W|region:US|display=inline,title}}

|postal_code_type = [[ZIP Code]]s
|postal_code = parts of 60628 and 60643
|area_code =
|blank_name = [[Household income in the United States|Median income]]
|blank_info = $33,898<ref name="cmap" />
|website =
|footnotes = Source: U.S. Census, Record Information Services
}}

'''West Pullman''' is a neighborhood located on the far south side of the [[city of Chicago]], [[Illinois]]. It is one of the 77 [[Community areas of Chicago|official community areas]] of Chicago. The neighborhood was initially inhabited by workers of the [[Pullman Company|Pullman Train Company]] looking to escape the grip of [[Pullman, Chicago|the company town]], but soon swelled with industrial workers of all stripes. The commercial corridor of Kensington/115th Street was one of many Italian communities within Chicago, and now hosts a Hispanic enclave.

It is bounded on the north by 115th Street, on the east by the former [[Illinois Central Railroad]], on the south by the [[Calumet River]] and [[Riverdale, Chicago|Riverdale]], on the west by [[Calumet Park, Illinois|Calumet Park]], [[Blue Island]] and Ashland Avenue.


==Demographics==
[[File:West Pullman School postcard.jpg|thumb|West Pullman School]]

According to a June 2017 analysis by the [[Chicago Metropolitan Agency for Planning]], there were 27,982 people and 9,058 households in West Pullman. From 2000 to 2015, the area lost more than 20% of its residents. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2010 census|racial makeup]] of the area was 1% White, 93.39% African American, 0.24% Asian, 0.54% from other races. Residents who identify as Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.83% of the population. The age distribution was 29.7% under the age of 19, 19.3% from 20 to 34, 17.7% from 35 to 49, 18.5% from 50 to 64, and 14.8% 65 or older. The median age was 35 years. The median income is $33,898. <ref name="cmap" />

{{US Census population
|1930=28474
|1940=27834
|1950=29265
|1960=35397
|1970=40278
|1980=44904
|1990=39846
|2000=36649
|2010=34759
|2020=26104
|footnote=<ref name="cmap" /><ref>{{cite web|last=Paral |first=Rob |title=Chicago Community Areas Historical Data |url=http://www.robparal.com/downloads/ACS0509/HistoricalData/Chicago%20Community%20Areas%20Historical%20Data.htm |access-date=August 30, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318055428/http://www.robparal.com/downloads/ACS0509/HistoricalData/Chicago%20Community%20Areas%20Historical%20Data.htm |archive-date=18 March 2013 }}</ref>
}}

==History==
[[File:St.-Anthony.jpg|thumb|St. Anthony Catholic Church Erected in 1903 - "Old Italian Community of Kensington."]]
[[File:Church of Saint Catherine of Genoa (West Pullman, Chicago).jpg|thumb|St. Catherine of Genoa Erected in 1893 - W 118th and S. Lowe]]
After the expulsion of the [[Potawatomi]] as part of the [[1833 Treaty of Chicago]], the area that is now West Pullman was settled by [[American pioneer|westbound settlers]]. In the 1880s, real estate speculators created the West Pullman Land Association to develop land between Wentworth and Ashland Avenues. The Association was successful in industrial development, and later residential development before the [[Panic of 1893]], the [[Pullman Strike|Pullman Strike of 1894]] dealt an economic blow that resulted in bankruptcy.<ref name="Handbook">{{cite book|last=Zangs|first=Mary|title=The Chicago 77: A Community Area Handbook|pages=276–279|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]]|location=[[Charleston, South Carolina]]|year=2014|isbn=9781625851468|access-date=January 6, 2021
|url=https://archive.org/details/chicago77communi0000zang}}</ref>

Like many of Chicago's community areas, West Pullman consists of multiple smaller communities. The oldest of these was [[Kensington, Chicago|Kensington]], founded in 1852 at the junction of the Illinois Central and Michigan Central railroads. Nicknamed "Bumtown", the commercial district around Kensington station was frequented by residents of neighboring Pullman, a dry town. The second of these communities was the village of Gano. The area of Gano was populated by Pullman workers who desired to own their own homes and escape from the corporate control of George Pullman's company town. Many ethnic groups called the area home, including Italians, Poles, Hungarians, Lithuanians, Ukrainians, Armenians, many of whom built houses of worship and cultural centers, like [[St. Michael Eastern Catholic Church, West Pullman|St. Michael Ukrainian Catholic Church]].<ref>{{cite web |title=West Pullman |url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1340.html |website=The Encyclopedia of Chicago |publisher=Chicago Historical Society |access-date=19 January 2024}}</ref>

The Pullman Company shut down in 1968, dealing a major blow to the entire area. Further deindustrialization, combined with suburban development, led to a similar racial turnover in West Pullman as occurred in much of the South Side; the neighborhood was 99.8% white in 1960 and 94% black in 1980.

==Economy==
Located along several major railways and the Calumet Sag Channel, West Pullman was and remains a mostly blue collar community. Much of the heavy industry the area relied on disappeared in the late 20th century, and it lags behind the rest of Chicago economically. West Pullman has an unemployment rate of 19.9%, compared to a city-wide rate of 8.4%. Habitat for Humanity has built and is continuing to build homes in the community.

West Pullman has worked to clean up and rehabilitate old industrial sites. With the help of the EPA, community organizers managed to turn a brownfield into a community garden. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Pullman Residents Turn Former Toxic Waste Site Into Community Garden|url=https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/20130819/pullman/pullman-residents-turn-former-toxic-waste-site-into-community-garden|access-date=2020-07-02|website=DNAinfo Chicago|archive-date=July 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702063114/https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/20130819/pullman/pullman-residents-turn-former-toxic-waste-site-into-community-garden/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

West Pullman is also home to the largest urban [[photovoltaic]] solar plant in the United States. The 10 MW plant utilizes 32,800 [[SunPower]] solar panels, spans {{convert|39|acre|m2}}, and generates enough power to supply energy to approximately 1500 homes in the Midwest. It is owned and operated by [[Exelon]] and came online in early 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.exeloncorp.com/PowerPlants/exeloncitysolar/Pages/Profile.aspx|title=Chicago Exelon City Solar Plant}}</ref>

==Parks==
West Pullman Park<ref>{{Cite web|title=West Pullman Park {{!}} Chicago Park District|url=https://www.chicagoparkdistrict.com/parks-facilities/west-pullman-park|access-date=2020-09-21|website=www.chicagoparkdistrict.com}}</ref> - Indoor Pool

Kensington Park<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kensington Park {{!}} Chicago Park District|url=https://www.chicagoparkdistrict.com/parks-facilities/kensington-park|access-date=2020-09-21|website=www.chicagoparkdistrict.com}}</ref> - Basketball Court with Seating. Playground equipment.
[[File:West Pullman Major Taylor Mural .jpg|thumb|Major Taylor Trail Bridge Over the River Crossing from West Pullman to Riverdale.]]
Major Taylor Trail<ref>{{Cite web|title=Major Taylor Trail {{!}} Illinois Trails {{!}} TrailLink|url=https://www.traillink.com/trail/major-taylor-trail/|access-date=2020-09-21|website=www.traillink.com}}</ref> - 6 Miles

Gano Park

Morgan Field Park

Cooper Park (Jack Leroy)

==Sports / Community Facilities==
Salvation Army Ray & Joan Kroc Community Center Corps<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kroc Center Chicago {{!}} Let Your Kroc Adventure Begin|url=http://www.kroccenterchicago.com/|access-date=2021-01-26|website=www.kroccenterchicago.com|language=en-US}}</ref>

Lion's Field Kroc Community Center

==Healthcare==
According to the [[Pritzker School of Medicine]], fourteen percent (14%) of the West Pullman population is uninsured, though ninety-two percent (92%) report having a consistent primary care provider. The obesity rate is fifty-three percent (53%).<ref name="UChicago Healthcare Report">{{cite web|author=|title=Community Profile: West Pullman|publisher=[[Pritzker School of Medicine]]|access-date=April 12, 2020|url=https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/-/media/pdfs/adult-pdfs/community/chna-community-profiles/west-pullman-community-profile.pdf}}</ref>

==Politics==
West Pullman is a stronghold of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]. In the [[United States presidential election in Illinois, 2016|2016 presidential election]], West Pullman cast 12,473 votes for [[Hillary Clinton]] and cast 217 votes [[Donald Trump]]. It was Clinton's 11th largest margin of victory in the 76 community areas she won.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ali|first=Tanveer|title=How Every Chicago Neighborhood Voted In The 2016 Presidential Election|url=https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/numbers/president-vice-president-every-neighborhood-map-election-results-voting-general-primary-illinois|date=November 9, 2016|publisher=[[DNAinfo.com]]|location=[[Chicago, Illinois]]|access-date=March 16, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317144802/https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/numbers/president-vice-president-every-neighborhood-map-election-results-voting-general-primary-illinois|archive-date=March 17, 2017}}</ref> In the [[United States presidential election in Illinois, 2012|2012 presidential election]], West Pullman cast 14,496 votes for [[Barack Obama]] and 86 votes for [[Mitt Romney]]. It was Obama's 8th largest margin of victory in the 76 community areas he won.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ali|first=Tanveer|title=How Every Chicago Neighborhood Voted In The 2012 Presidential Election|url=https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/numbers/obama-romney-president-vice-president-every-neighborhood-map-2012-election-results-voting-general-primary-illinois|date=November 7, 2012|publisher=[[DNAinfo.com]]|location=[[Chicago, Illinois]]|access-date=March 16, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317233235/https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/numbers/obama-romney-president-vice-president-every-neighborhood-map-2012-election-results-voting-general-primary-illinois|archive-date=March 17, 2017}}</ref>

At the local level, West Pullman is located in Chicago's 9th and 34th wards represented by Democrats [[Anthony Beale]] and [[Carrie Austin]] respectively.<ref>{{cite web|last=Connolly|first=Colleen|title=Get to Know Your Ward: 9th Ward|date=February 6, 2015|work=Ward Room|publisher=[[WMAQ-TV]]|access-date=December 25, 2017|url=https://www.nbcchicago.com/blogs/ward-room/Get-to-Know-Your-Ward-9th-Ward-290605071.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Connolly|first=Colleen|title=Get to Know Your Ward: 34th Ward|date=February 6, 2015|work=Ward Room|publisher=[[WMAQ-TV]]|access-date=December 25, 2017|url=https://www.nbcchicago.com/blogs/ward-room/Get-to-Know-Your-Ward-34th-Ward-291076691.html}}</ref>

==Transportation==
West Pullman is home to four stations on the [[Metra Electric District|Metra Electric District's]] Blue Island branch; [[Racine Avenue station|Racine]], [[State Street station (Illinois)|State Street]], [[Stewart Ridge station|Stewart Ridge]], and [[West Pullman station|West Pullman]]. Main line Electric District trains stop at [[Kensington/115th Street station|Kensington station]], just across the community's northern boundary. <ref>{{cite news|last=Lane|first=Laura|title= Map: South Shore Line, Metra Electric Line|date=January 19, 2014|newspaper=[[The Times of Northwest Indiana]]|access-date=June 11, 2020|url=https://www.nwitimes.com/digital/graphics/map-south-shore-line-metra-electric-line/html_43aede00-23f1-57d5-b9b0-b4441bee1bbf.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611220749/https://www.nwitimes.com/digital/graphics/map-south-shore-line-metra-electric-line/html_43aede00-23f1-57d5-b9b0-b4441bee1bbf.html|archive-date=June 11, 2020}}</ref> [[Red Ahead]], a program to extend the Red Line south to 130th Street, would result in a new station at Michigan Avenue in West Pullman. In 2025, it was estimated that this project would begin construction in 2026 and will be completed in 2030.<ref>https://www.transitchicago.com/-imagining-the-new-red-line-extension-rle-stations-cta-to-hold-community-meetings-to-allow-residents--riders-to-share-ideas-for-future-red-line-station-plaza-features/</ref>

==Improvement Projects==
Habitat For Humanity is interjecting single-family homes throughout the neighborhood for improvement.

Cottage Grove Ave is being extended Southbound from E 115th St. to E 130th St. with light and visual improvements.

E 115th St. and S. Cottage Grove Ave will see train station improvements along with retail improvements.

==Notable people==
* [[Robert A. Clifford]] (born {{birth based on age as of date|61|2012|12|01|noage=1}}), trial lawyer notable for representing [[Rachel Barton Pine]] in her lawsuit against [[Metra]] and representing the families of the victims of the respective [[Alaska Airlines Flight 261]] and [[American Eagle Flight 4184]] crashes. He was raised in West Pullman near 121st Street and South Laflin Street.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Clements|first=Bill|title=Chicago's Most Feared Attorney|url=https://www.superlawyers.com/illinois/article/chicagos-most-feared-attorney/3e82f33a-75c0-448e-81ed-20a6d17c8eaf.html|magazine=Illinois Super Lawyers|location=[[Eagan, Minnesota]]|date=May 2005|access-date=September 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005062259/https://www.superlawyers.com/articles/illinois/chicagos-most-feared-attorney/|archive-date=October 5, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Strom|first=Roy|title=Chicago Lawyer's 2012 Person of the Year: Robert A. Clifford|newspaper=Chicago Lawyer Magazine|date=December 1, 2012|access-date=January 8, 2022|url=https://www.chicagolawyermagazine.com/elements/pages/print.aspx?printpath=/Archives/2012/12/Person-of-the-Year-Bob-Clifford&classname=tera.gn3article}}</ref>
* [[Ed Derwinski]] (1926–2012), 1st [[United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs]]. He resided at 12109 South Parnell Avenue during his time as a Congressman.<ref>{{cite book|title=Illinois Blue Book 1959-1960|page=94|access-date=March 23, 2023|url=http://www.idaillinois.org/digital/collection/bb/id/11896}}</ref>
* [[Arthur Swanson]] (1926–2010), member of the [[Illinois Senate]] from 1963 to 1971. He resided at 12556 South Harvard Avenue while serving as a legislator.<ref>[http://www.idaillinois.org/cdm/ref/collection/bb/id/16489 ''Illinois Blue Book 1965-1966''] page 164</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.cityofchicago.org/content/dam/city/depts/doit/general/GIS/Chicago_Maps/Community_Areas/CA_WEST_PULLMAN.pdf Official City of Chicago West Pullman Community Map]
* [http://www.renewable-energy-sources.com/2009/04/22/exelon-and-sunpower-together-in-us-largest-urban-solar-power-plant/ Exelon and SunPower together In US Largest Solar Power Plant]
* [http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1340.html Encyclopaedia Chicago: West Pullman]

{{Geographic Location 2
| Center = West Pullman, Chicago
| North = [[Roseland, Chicago]]
| Northeast = [[Pullman, Chicago]]
| ESE = [[Riverdale, Chicago]]
| South = [[Riverdale, Illinois]]
| Southwest = [[Calumet Park, Illinois]]
| West = [[Blue Island, Illinois]]
| Northwest = [[Morgan Park, Chicago]]
}}
{{Chicago}}
{{Community areas of Chicago}}
{{Neighborhoods in Chicago}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Community areas of Chicago]]
[[Category:South Side, Chicago]]

2001 MTV Movie Awards

2025-06-28T18:22:23Z

75.149.78.53: Undid revision 1297810103 by 75.149.78.53 (talk)

{{Short description|American film awards ceremony}}
{{infobox award
| name = 2001 MTV Movie Awards
| image = 2001-mtv-movie-awards-logo.jpg
| caption =
| date = Saturday, June 2, 2001
| location = [[Shrine Auditorium]], [[Los Angeles]], [[California]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/mtv-movie-awards-add-categories-weezer-to-lineup-79664/ |title= MTV Movie Awards Add Categories, Weezer To Lineup |author= Billboard Staff |work= [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date= May 22, 2001 |access-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231122225933/https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/mtv-movie-awards-add-categories-weezer-to-lineup-79664/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
| country = United States
| host = [[Jimmy Fallon]] [[Kirsten Dunst]]
| network = [[MTV]]
| previous = [[2000 MTV Movie Awards|2000]]
| main = {{nowrap|[[MTV Movie & TV Awards|MTV Movie Awards]]}}
| next = [[2002 MTV Movie Awards|2002]]
}}

The '''2001 MTV Movie Awards''' were held on June 2, 2001,<ref>{{cite web|url= https://ew.com/article/2001/06/08/mtv-movie-awards-dont-mellow-age/ |title= The MTV Movie Awards don't mellow with age |first= Trey |last= Alexander |work= [[Entertainment Weekly]] |date= June 8, 2001 |access-date= November 23, 2023 |archive-date= November 23, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231123032908/https://ew.com/article/2001/06/08/mtv-movie-awards-dont-mellow-age/ |url-status=live}}</ref> and were hosted by [[Jimmy Fallon]] and [[Kirsten Dunst]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.avclub.com/film/reviews/2001-mtv-movie-awards-2001 |title= 2001 MTV Movie Awards |work= [[The A.V. Club]] |access-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231122224219/https://www.avclub.com/film/reviews/2001-mtv-movie-awards-2001 |url-status=live}}</ref> The program featured performances from [[Christina Aguilera]], [[Lil' Kim]], [[Mýa]] and [[Pink (singer)|Pink]] (''[[Moulin Rouge!]]''), [[Dave Matthews Band]] and [[Weezer]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/billboard-bits-mtv-movie-awards-frampton-and-more-79762/ |title= Billboard Bits: MTV Movie Awards, Frampton and more |author= Billboard Staff |work= [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date= May 11, 2001 |access-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231122225758/https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/billboard-bits-mtv-movie-awards-frampton-and-more-79762/ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Sofia Coppola]] was presented with an award for Best New Filmmaker.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://observer.com/2017/05/flashback-mtv-movie-awards-2001/ |title= Here’s What the MTV Movie Awards Looked Like 16 Years Ago |first= Lamar |last= Dawson |work= [[The New York Observer]] |date= May 2, 2017 |access-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231122231933/https://observer.com/2017/05/flashback-mtv-movie-awards-2001/ |url-status=live}}</ref> This was [[Aaliyah]]'s last awards show appearance before her death two months later.

== Performers ==
*[[Christina Aguilera]], [[Lil' Kim]], [[Mýa]], and [[Pink (singer)|Pink]] — "[[Lady Marmalade]]"
*[[Dave Matthews Band]] — "[[The Space Between]]"
*[[Weezer]] — "[[Hash Pipe]]"

== Presenters ==
*[[Shannon Elizabeth]], [[Alyson Hannigan]], [[Tara Reid]] and [[Mena Suvari]] — presented Best On-Screen Team
*[[Ziyi Zhang]] and [[David Spade]] — presented Breakthrough Male
*[[Nicole Kidman]] — introduced Christina Aguilera, Lil' Kim, Mýa, and Pink
*[[Brendan Fraser]] and [[Dwayne Johnson|The Rock]] — presented Best Action Sequence
*[[Samuel L. Jackson]] — presented Best Villain
*[[Destiny's Child]] — presented Breakthrough Female
*Kirsten Dunst — introduced [[Dave Matthews Band]]
*[[Aaliyah]] and [[P. Diddy]] — presented Best Dance Sequence
*[[Marlon Wayans|Marlon]] and [[Shawn Wayans]] — presented Best Female Performance
*[[George Lucas]] — presented Best New Filmmaker
*[[Jackie Chan]] and [[Chris Tucker]] — presented Best Fight
*[[Johnny Knoxville]] and [[Julia Stiles]] — presented Best Comedic Performance
*[[Drea de Matteo]], [[Chris Klein (actor)|Chris Klein]] and [[Seann William Scott]] — introduced Weezer
*[[Ashton Kutcher]] and [[Christina Ricci]] — presented Best Kiss
*[[Cameron Diaz]] and [[Mike Myers]] — presented Best Male Performance
*[[Halle Berry]], [[Hugh Jackman]] and [[John Travolta]] — presented Best Movie

== Awards ==
Below are the list of nominations.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.mtv.com/ontv/movieawards/2001/ |title= 2001 MTV Movie Awards |work= [[MTV]] |access-date= November 7, 2012 |archive-date= November 7, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121107150253/http://www.mtv.com/ontv/movieawards/2001/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://hitsdailydouble.com/news&id=275310&title=MTV-GOES-TO-THE-MOVIES |title= MTV Goes To The Movies |work= [[Hits (magazine)|Hits]] |date= April 24, 2001 |access-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231122224724/https://hitsdailydouble.com/news&id=275310&title=MTV-GOES-TO-THE-MOVIES |url-status=live}}</ref> Winners are listed at the top of each list in '''bold'''.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://theenvelope.latimes.com/extras/lostmind/year/2000/2000mtv.htm |title= 2000 10th MTV Movie Awards |work= [[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-date= January 6, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070106130435/http://theenvelope.latimes.com/extras/lostmind/year/2000/2000mtv.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.hollywood.com/tv/2001-mtv-movie-awards-57180046 |title= 2001 MTV Movie Awards |work= [[Hollywood.com]] |access-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231122224728/https://www.hollywood.com/tv/2001-mtv-movie-awards-57180046 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://variety.com/2001/scene/vpage/mtv-s-feast-for-eyes-1117800526/ |title= MTV’s feast for eyes |first= Bill |last= Higgins |work= [[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date= June 3, 2001 |access-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231122225608/https://variety.com/2001/scene/vpage/mtv-s-feast-for-eyes-1117800526/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{col-begin}}
{{col 2}}
=== Best Movie ===
'''''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]'''''
*''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]''
*''[[Erin Brockovich (film)|Erin Brockovich]]''
*''[[Hannibal (2001 film)|Hannibal]]''
*''[[X-Men (film)|X-Men]]''

=== Best Male Performance ===
'''[[Tom Cruise]] – ''[[Mission: Impossible 2]]'''''
*[[Russell Crowe]] – ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
*[[Omar Epps]] – ''[[Love & Basketball]]''
*[[Mel Gibson]] – ''[[The Patriot (2000 film)|The Patriot]]''
*[[Tom Hanks]] – ''[[Cast Away]]''

=== Best Female Performance ===
'''[[Julia Roberts]] - ''[[Erin Brockovich (film)|Erin Brockovich]]'''''
*[[Aaliyah]] – ''[[Romeo Must Die]]''
*[[Kate Hudson]] – ''[[Almost Famous]]''
*[[Jennifer Lopez]] – ''[[The Cell (film)|The Cell]]''
*[[Julia Stiles]] – ''[[Save the Last Dance]]''

=== Breakthrough Male ===
'''[[Sean Patrick Thomas]] – ''[[Save the Last Dance]]'''''
*[[Jack Black (actor)|Jack Black]] – ''[[High Fidelity (film)|High Fidelity]]''
*[[Patrick Fugit]] – ''[[Almost Famous]]''
*[[Tom Green]] – ''[[Road Trip (2000 film)|Road Trip]]''
*[[Hugh Jackman]] – ''[[X-Men (film)|X-Men]]''
*[[Ashton Kutcher]] – ''[[Dude, Where's My Car?]]''

=== Breakthrough Female ===
'''[[Erika Christensen]] – ''[[Traffic (2000 film)|Traffic]]'''''
*[[Aaliyah]] – ''[[Romeo Must Die]]''
*[[Anna Faris]] – ''[[Scary Movie]]''
*[[Piper Perabo]] – ''[[Coyote Ugly (film)|Coyote Ugly]]''
*[[Zhang Ziyi]] – ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]''

=== Best On-Screen Team ===
'''[[Drew Barrymore]], [[Cameron Diaz]] and [[Lucy Liu]] (Charlie's Angels) – ''[[Charlie's Angels (2000 film)|Charlie's Angels]]'''''
*[[Ben Stiller]] and [[Robert De Niro]] – ''[[Meet the Parents]]''
*[[George Clooney]], [[John Turturro]] and [[Tim Blake Nelson]] (The Soggy Bottom Boys) – ''[[O Brother, Where Art Thou?]]''
*[[Tom Hanks]] and [[Cast Away#Wilson the volleyball|Wilson]] – ''[[Cast Away]]''
*[[Halle Berry]], [[Hugh Jackman]], [[James Marsden]] and [[Anna Paquin]] (the X-Men) – ''[[X-Men (film)|X-Men]]''

=== Best Villain ===
'''[[Jim Carrey]] – ''[[Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film)|Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas]]'''''
*[[Kevin Bacon]] – ''[[Hollow Man]]''
*[[Vincent D'Onofrio]] – ''[[The Cell (film)|The Cell]]''
*[[Anthony Hopkins]] – ''[[Hannibal (2001 film)|Hannibal]]''
*[[Joaquin Phoenix]] – ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''

=== Best Comedic Performance ===
'''[[Ben Stiller]] – ''[[Meet the Parents]]'''''
*[[Jim Carrey]] – ''[[Me, Myself & Irene]]''
*[[Martin Lawrence]] – ''[[Big Momma's House]]''
*[[Eddie Murphy]] – ''[[Nutty Professor II: The Klumps]]''
*[[Tom Green]] – ''[[Road Trip (2000 film)|Road Trip]]''

=== Best Kiss ===
'''[[Julia Stiles]] and [[Sean Patrick Thomas]] – ''[[Save the Last Dance]]'''''
*[[Jon Abrahams]] and [[Anna Faris]] – ''[[Scary Movie]]''
*[[Ben Affleck]] and [[Gwyneth Paltrow]] – ''[[Bounce (film)|Bounce]]''
*[[Tom Hanks]] and [[Helen Hunt]] – ''[[Cast Away]]''
*[[Anthony Hopkins]] and [[Julianne Moore]] – ''[[Hannibal (2001 film)|Hannibal]]''
{{col 2}}
=== Best Action Sequence ===
'''Motorcycle Chase – ''[[Mission: Impossible 2]]'''''
*Car Chase Through Construction Site – ''[[Gone in 60 Seconds (2000 film)|Gone in 60 Seconds]]''
*Roman Army vs. Germanic Horde – ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
*Plane Crash – ''[[Cast Away]]''

=== Best Dance Sequence ===
'''[[Cameron Diaz]] — "[[Heaven Must Be Missing an Angel]]" (from ''[[Charlie's Angels (2000 film)|Charlie's Angels]]'')'''
*[[Kirsten Dunst]], [[Lindsay Sloane]], [[Clare Kramer]], [[Nicole Bilderback]], [[Tsianina Joelson]], [[Rini Bell]], [[Bianca Kajlich]], [[Nathan West]] and Huntley Ritter (The Cheerleaders from Bring It On) — "I'm Sexy, I'm Cute" (from ''[[Bring It On (film)|Bring It On]]'')
*[[Jamie Bell]] and [[Julie Walters]] — "Royal Ballet School" (from ''[[Billy Elliot]]'')
*[[Julia Stiles]] and [[Sean Patrick Thomas]] — "[[You Can Do It]]" (from ''[[Save the Last Dance]]'')

=== Best Musical Sequence ===
'''[[Piper Perabo]] — "[[One Way or Another]]" (from ''[[Coyote Ugly (film)|Coyote Ugly]]'')'''
*[[Jack Black (actor)|Jack Black]] — "[[Let's Get It On (song)|Let's Get It On]]" (from ''[[High Fidelity (film)|High Fidelity]]'')
*[[George Clooney]], [[Tim Blake Nelson]] and [[John Turturro]] — "[[Man of Constant Sorrow]]" (from ''[[O Brother, Where Art Thou?]]'')
*[[Breckin Meyer]], [[Seann William Scott]], [[Paulo Costanzo]] and [[DJ Qualls]] — "[[I Wanna Rock]]" (from ''[[Road Trip (2000 film)|Road Trip]]'')
*[[Patrick Fugit]], [[Kate Hudson]], [[Billy Crudup]], [[Jason Lee (actor)|Jason Lee]] and [[Anna Paquin]] — "[[Tiny Dancer]]" (from ''[[Almost Famous]]'')

=== Best Fight ===
'''[[Zhang Ziyi]] vs. Entire Bar – ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]'''''
*[[Drew Barrymore]] vs. Attackers – ''[[Charlie's Angels (2000 film)|Charlie's Angels]]''
*[[Russell Crowe]] vs. Masked Opponent and Tiger – ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]''
*[[Jet Li]] vs. Attackers – ''[[Romeo Must Die]]''

=== Best Line ===
'''"Are You a Pothead, Focker?" — [[Robert De Niro]] (from ''[[Meet the Parents]]'')'''
*"I Am a Golden God!" — [[Billy Crudup]] (from ''[[Almost Famous]]'')
*"It Vexes Me, I Am Terribly Vexed" — [[Joaquin Phoenix]] (from ''[[Gladiator (2000 film)|Gladiator]]'')
*"I Signed That Release Wavier, So You Can Just Feel Free to Stick Things in My Slot" — [[Cameron Diaz]] (from ''[[Charlie's Angels (2000 film)|Charlie's Angels]]'')
*"Bite My Ass, Krispy Kreme" — [[Julia Roberts]] (from ''[[Erin Brockovich (film)|Erin Brockovich]]'')

=== Best Cameo ===
'''[[James Van Der Beek]] – ''[[Scary Movie]]'''''
*[[Andy Dick]] – ''[[Road Trip (2000 film)|Road Trip]]''
*[[Tom Green]] – ''[[Charlie's Angels (2000 film)|Charlie's Angels]]''
*[[Ozzy Osbourne]] – ''[[Little Nicky]]''
*[[Bruce Springsteen]] – ''[[High Fidelity (film)|High Fidelity]]''

=== Best Dressed ===
'''[[Jennifer Lopez]] – ''[[The Cell (film)|The Cell]]'''''
*[[Kate Hudson]] – ''[[Almost Famous]]''
*[[Elizabeth Hurley]] – ''[[Bedazzled (2000 film)|Bedazzled]]''
*[[Samuel L. Jackson]] – ''[[Shaft (2000 film)|Shaft]]''
*[[Lucy Liu]] – ''[[Charlie's Angels (2000 film)|Charlie's Angels]]''

=== Best New Filmmaker ===
*'''[[Sofia Coppola]] – ''[[The Virgin Suicides (film)|The Virgin Suicides]]'''''
{{col-end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web|url= https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000453/2001/1/ |title= 2001 Awards |work= [[IMDb]] |access-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-date= November 22, 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231122223013/https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000453/2001/1/ |url-status=dead}}

{{MTV Movie Awards}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2001 Mtv Movie Awards}}
[[Category:MTV Movie & TV Awards]]
[[Category:2001 film awards|Mtv Movie Awards]]
[[Category:2001 in Los Angeles]]
[[Category:2001 in American cinema]]
[[Category:June 2001 in the United States|MTV Movie Awards]]

LaWanda Page

2025-06-28T17:41:50Z

75.149.78.53: /* Sanford and Son (1973–1977) */

{{Short description|American actress and comedian (1920–2002)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox comedian
| name = LaWanda Page
| image = LaWanda Page 1977.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Page as Aunt Esther in ''[[Sanford Arms]]'', 1977
| birth_name = Alberta Richmond<ref name=BLU/>
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1920|10|19}}<ref name="BLK">{{Cite book|last=Littleton|first=Darryl|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hvl299p1Yg4C&q=lawanda+page&pg=PA117|title=Black Comedians on Black Comedy: How African-Americans Taught Us to Laugh - La Wanda Page|year=2008|isbn=9781557837301|pages=87, 116–117|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation }}</ref><ref name=COM/>
| birth_place = [[Cleveland, Ohio]], U.S.<ref name="myrna" />
| death_date = {{death date and age|2002|9|14|1920|10|19}}<ref name="JET">{{Cite web |date=October 7, 2002 |title=JET Magazine - LaWanda Page, 81, Of 'Sanford And Son' Fame Succumbs In Los Angeles - October 7, 2002 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BsMDAAAAMBAJ&q=lawanda+page&pg=PA55 |website=books.google.com |publisher=Johnson Publishing Company}}</ref>
| death_place = [[Hollywood, California]], U.S.
| resting_place = [[Inglewood Park Cemetery]]
| medium = {{hlist|[[Stand-up comedy|Stand-up]]|[[television]]|[[film]]}}
| years_active = 1935–1996
| genre = {{hlist|[[Word play]]|[[observational comedy]]|[[Black comedy]]|[[Off-color humor|blue comedy]]}}
| subject = {{hlist|[[Human sexuality]]|[[race relations]]|[[African-American culture]]}}

| notable_works = [[Esther Anderson (fictional character)|Esther (Aunt Esther) Anderson]] – ''[[Sanford and Son]]'', ''[[Sanford Arms]]'' and ''[[Sanford (TV series)|Sanford]]''
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''LaWanda Page''' (born '''Alberta Richmond'''; October 19, 1920<ref name= BLK/>{{spaced ndash}}September 14, 2002)<ref name=JET/> was an [[Americans|American]] actress, [[comedian]] and dancer whose career spanned six decades. Crowned "The Queen of Comedy" or "The Black Queen of Comedy",<ref name="COM">{{Cite book|last1=Littleton|first1=Darryl J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Iz_S7n9bWW8C&q=lawanda+page&pg=PT69|title=Comediennes: Laugh Be a Lady - LaWanda Page|last2=Littleton|first2=Tuezdae|date=September 2012|publisher=[[Applause Theatre & Cinema Books]]|isbn=9781480329744|pages=82–84}}</ref> Page melded [[Ribaldry|blue humor]], [[signifyin']] and [[observational comedy]] with jokes about [[Human sexuality|sexuality]], [[race relations]], [[African-American culture]] and [[religion]]. She released five solo albums, including the 1977 gold-selling ''[[Watch It, Sucker!]]'', and collaborated on two albums with the comedy group Skillet, Leroy & Co. As an actress, Page is best known for portraying the Bible-toting and sharp-tongued [[Esther Anderson (fictional character)|Esther Anderson]] on the popular television sitcom ''[[Sanford and Son]]'', which aired from 1972 until 1977.<ref name=COM/> Page reprised the role in the short-lived television shows ''[[Sanford Arms]]'' (1976–1977) and ''[[Sanford (TV series)|Sanford]]'' (1980–1981). She also costarred in the 1979 short-lived series ''[[Detective School]]''.<ref name="NYT obit">{{Cite news|last=Watkins|first=Mel|author-link=Mel Watkins (American writer)|date=September 18, 2002|title=LaWanda Page, 81, the Aunt On TV's 'Sanford and Son'|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/18/obituaries/18PAGE.html|access-date=November 5, 2017}}</ref> Throughout her career, Page advocated for fair pay and equal opportunities for black performers.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lanier|first=Warren|date=March 27, 1891|title=LaWanda Page Wants More Pay for TV Roles|work=[[Philadelphia Tribune]]}}</ref><ref name="NYT obit" />

==Early life==
Page was born Alberta Richmond<ref name="BLU">{{Cite book|last=Starr|first=Michael Seth|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a7vcX2uNPK4C&q=lawanda+page&pg=PA147|title=Black and Blue: The Redd Foxx Story|date=September 2011|publisher=[[Applause Theatre & Cinema Books]]|isbn=9781557838520|pages=5, 47, 145–148, 235}}</ref> on October 19, 1920 in [[Cleveland]].<ref name="myrna" /> She was the daughter of Willie Richmond and Estella Small. She had an older sister, Anna (born 1912). She also had a younger sister named Lynn.

Page knew from a young age that she wanted to work in show business. In her youth, Page danced at the Friendly Inn Settlement in Cleveland, a community center run by the [[Woman's Christian Temperance Union|Women's Christian Temperance Union]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Lynn |first=Mary |date=October 18, 1975 |title=Aunt Esther, Queen for Day |access-date= |work=[[Call and Post]]}}</ref> Her family moved to [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], and she attended Banneker Elementary School, where she met [[Redd Foxx]], two years her junior. Eventually, both entered the field of comedy separately and performed their own stage acts, working alongside each other on the [[Chitlin' Circuit]] and Foxx's TV [[sitcom]] ''Sanford and Son''.<ref name="BLU" />

== Career ==

=== Dancing ===
Page began her career as a performer at age 15 in St. Louis, where she learned to [[fire dance]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Winfrey|first=Lee|date=August 28, 1979|title=LaWanda's Tribulations|work=[[Boston Globe]]}}</ref> Her array of tricks included [[Fire eating|swallowing fire]], lighting matches and cigarettes with her fingertips and walking over flames.<ref name="COM" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=January 1, 1974|title=By Bronze Goddess of Fire: 'Sanford and Son' Aunt Esther-Ized|work=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> She burned herself frequently in her early days, although never badly.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Vashti|first=McKenzie|date=September 17, 1977|title=The McKenzie Report: New TV Season|work=[[Baltimore Afro-American]]}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite news|last=Vernon|first=Scott|date=May 23, 1976|title='Sanford and Son's' Ms. Page Under Contract to Redd Foxx|work=[[Atlanta Daily World]]}}</ref> However, she said that "if I had to burn to make a living, I was willing to burn".<ref name=":2" /> Billed as "The Bronze Goddess of Fire" or "LaWanda, the Flame Goddess", Page entertained in small St. Louis nightclubs. She later described one East St. Louis club where she worked as "the kind of place where if you ain’t home by nine o’clock at night you can be declared ''legally'' dead. [Everybody] walked around with knives in there. You better had one, too—knife or gun or something!"<ref>{{Cite book|last=Watkins|first=Mel|title=On the Real Side: Lying, Laughing, and Signifying: The Underground Tradition of African-American Humor that Transformed American Culture, from Slavery to Richard Pryor|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1995|isbn=0-671-68982-7|location=New York|pages=518}}</ref> At some point, Page moved to [[Los Angeles|Los Angeles, California]], likely in the 1950s.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|last=Wright|first=Barnett|date=June 7, 1991|title='Aunt Esther' Just Can't Hang It Up|work=[[Philadelphia Tribune]]}}</ref> Once there, Page took a gig dancing and waiting tables at the Brass Rail Club, where she remained for 15 years.<ref name=":0" /> She also toured her fire-dancing act and made appearances at nightclubs across the country<ref>{{Cite news|date=October 18, 1974|title=She's Unspoiled by TV Success|work=[[Atlanta Constitution]]}}</ref> and world, including [[Canada]], [[Brazil]] and [[Japan]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=McGee|first=Paul|date=November 15, 1962|title=Theatricals|work=[[Los Angeles Sentinel]]}}</ref>

=== Stand-up comedy ===
It is unknown when and where Page began stand-up comedy. She may have been introduced to stand-up while dancing at the Brass Rail Club. She stated that she did not like comedy at first, but a fellow Brass Rail Club employee and member of the comedy duo [[Sanford and Son#Leroy & Skillet|Skillet & Leroy]] saw Page's potential, telling her: "you can do comedy. As a matter of fact, if you don’t do comedy you can’t work here."<ref name=":4" /> Page may have also been introduced to stand-up while touring the [[Chitlin' Circuit]], where she shared stages with noted comedians such as [[Redd Foxx]] and [[Richard Pryor]].<ref name="NYT obit" />

In Los Angeles, Page developed the feisty approach to comedy that would make her famous.<ref name="NYT obit" /> In the mid-1960s, she became a member of the comedy group [[Sanford and Son#Leroy & Skillet|Skillet, Leroy & Co.]] (before Page joined, the group was a duo known as Skillet & Leroy). Skillet was Ernest "Skillet" Mayhand (1916–2007) and Leroy was Wilbert LeRoy Daniel (1928–1993).<ref name=":4" /> During her tenure as a stand-up comic, a career she continued into the 1990s, Page often was billed as "The Queen of Comedy" or "The Black Queen of Comedy."<ref name="COM" />

Page recorded five live solo comedy albums for the [[Laff Records]] label and several other collaborative live comedy albums with Skillet, Leroy & Co. in the late 1960s and early 1970s<ref name="BLK" /> under her LaWanda Page stage name (although she was often billed by her first name only, sometimes styled as La Wanda).<ref>{{Cite news|date=March 6, 1969|title=Display Ad 138 -- No Title|work=[[Los Angeles Sentinel]]}}</ref> Other than the relatively clean ''[[Sane Advice]]'' album, released two years after the run of ''[[Sanford and Son]]'', Page's albums and stand-up material were raunchy [[blue comedy]] in nature. One release, a [[gold album|gold-selling]] album titled ''[[Watch It, Sucker!]]'', was titled after one of her Aunt Esther character's [[catchphrase]]s in order to capitalize on her newfound television fame.<ref name="BLU" />

Page used the catchphrase again for the title of her 1982 stand-up tour named "The Watch It Sucker Review." When the ''[[New Pittsburgh Courier]]'' wondered why "'Aunt Esther' might do a show like this", Page explained that she was on tour because she needed the money and because she wanted to meet Aunt Esther's fans and perform her own stand up. The show was reviewed as "full of laughter and enjoyed by the large group who attended".<ref>{{Cite news|date=October 23, 1982|title='Aunt Esther' Makes Rare Appearance|work=[[New Pittsburgh Courier]]}}</ref>

Page also performed as herself after her ''Sanford and Son'' fame. Between 1976 and 1978, Page appeared as a stand-up comedian on the ''[[The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast|Dean Martin Celebrity Roast]]'', on which she roasted celebrities such as [[Frank Sinatra]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Starlights|date=September 6, 2020|title=LaWanda Page Roasts Frank Sinatra|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MghCsPltz1Q&ab_channel=Starlights |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/MghCsPltz1Q |archive-date=2021-12-13|url-status=live|website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> [[Betty White]] and [[Jimmy Stewart]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=LaWanda Page|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0656250/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1|access-date=February 26, 2021|website=[[IMDb]]}}</ref>

In 1985, Page performed a raunchy set during the all-female stand-up special ''[[Women Tell the Dirtiest Jokes]]''. Also included in the film were sets by, among others, [[Lois Bromfield]], [[Marsha Warfield]], [[Patty Rosborough]], [[Carole Montgomery]], and [[Judy Tenuta]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=December 28, 1985|title=New Releases: Home Video|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]}}</ref>

=== Acting ===

====''Sanford and Son'' (1973–1977)====
Page had been performing her comedy routine in nightclubs in [[St. Louis]] and [[Los Angeles]] for several years, but had planned to leave show business to return to St. Louis to care for her ailing mother. However, a phone call from [[Redd Foxx]] in 1972 changed Page's mind. Earlier that year, the sitcom ''Sanford and Son'', starring Foxx as [[Fred G. Sanford|Fred Sanford]], had premiered on NBC. A man known for his generosity,<ref name="BLU" /> Foxx brought Page to the attention of one of the show's producers, who was already familiar with Page and her act.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=February 1, 1973|title=Cinderella Story of LaWanda Page|work=[[Atlanta Daily World]]}}</ref> Foxx then asked her to read for the role of [[Esther Anderson (Sanford and Son)|Esther Anderson]] ("Aunt Esther"), the sister of Fred Sanford's late wife Elizabeth, and she was offered the role. However, prior to taping, producers became concerned when Page, whose experience was limited primarily to nightclub stages, seemed to have difficulty working in a sitcom format. When one of the show's producers told Foxx that Page must be fired before the show could begin taping. Foxx insisted that Page keep the role, threatening to abandon the show if Page were fired.<ref name="BLU" /> Foxx said that "you never heard of the lady, but the night that first show of LaWanda's goes on the air, there'll be dancing in the streets in every ghetto in the United States."<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|last=Acham|first=Christine|title=Revolution Televised: Prime Time and the Struggle for Black Power|publisher=[[University of Minnesota Press]]|year=2004|isbn=0-8166-4431-4|pages=100, 108–109}}</ref> The producers relented and, after joining the series for the second season, Page's character of Aunt Esther became one of the most popular TV sitcom characters of the 1970s.<ref>TV Guide, March 17–23, 1973.</ref> ''[[Atlanta Daily World]]'' celebrated Page's success as a "Cinderella story come true",<ref name=":6" /> and the ''[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]'' described Page's Aunt Esther as "a key ingredient” on ''Sanford and Son'' who "isn’t afraid of heathen Fred. She browbeats him at every turn in the tradition of God-fearing sisters who have seen the light and seek to quench the devil in a fun-loving man."<ref name=":1" />

Page's Aunt Esther character was a devout churchgoer with a sharp tongue and verbally sparred with Foxx's character Fred Sanford. The devoutly religious Esther character contrasted sharply with the raunchy, expletive-filled material of Page's live act and records.<ref name=":1" />

''Sanford and Son'' ran for six seasons. After the sixth season, Foxx and his co-star [[Demond Wilson]] left the show over unfair treatment and pay disputes with the network, leading to ''Sanford and Son''’s cancellation in 1977.<ref name=":7" />

==== ''Sanford Arms'' (1977) and ''Sanford'' (1981) ====
Page continued her role as Aunt Esther on ''Sanford and Son'' spinoff series ‘’[[Grady (American TV series)|Grady]]’’ and then ''[[Sanford Arms]]'', which followed a new lead character, Phil Wheeler ([[Theodore Wilson]]). Without Foxx or Wilson, ''Sanford Arms'' received low ratings and was canceled after four episodes.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Margulies|first=Lee|date=October 5, 1977|title=NBC Gives the Ax to Sanford Arms|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> A review in ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' noted that Page "is a genuinely funny lady, but she looked considerably better when she had Foxx to work with and against. Restraint is not her stock in trade, and [Theodore] Wilson is an inadequate counterbalance”.<ref>{{Cite news|date=September 21, 1977|title=Television Reviews: Sanford Arms|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref> In 1980, [[NBC]] ran another spinoff of ''Sanford and Son'' called ''[[Sanford (TV series)|Sanford]]'' that entirely ignored the events of ''Sanford Arms''. Foxx returned to play Fred Sanford, but Wilson did not return to portray Lamont Sanford. Page joined the series in 1981 for its second season to reprise her role as Aunt Esther. However, ''Sanford'' was plagued with low viewership and ratings, and NBC canceled the series during the 1981 season.<ref name="BLU" />

====Other film, television, and recording appearances====
In 1977, Page appeared in an episode of ''[[The Love Boat]]'' titled "A Tasteful Affair; Oh, Dale!; The Main Event" alongside [[Sherman Hemsley]]. Page also appeared on several episodes of ''[[The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast]]s'', and over the next two decades occasionally guest-starred on other popular television shows, including ''[[Amen (TV series)|Amen]]'', ''[[Martin (TV series)|Martin]]'', ''[[227 (TV series)|227]]'', ''[[Family Matters]]'' and ''[[Diff'rent Strokes]]''. Page costarred as Charlene Jenkins in the short-lived 1979 series ''[[Detective School]].'' She appeared on ''Circus of the Stars'' as a [[fire eater]]. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, she appeared in a series of comical [[Church's Chicken]] television commercials featuring the catchphrase "Gotta love it!".<ref>{{Cite web |title=LaWanda Page - Church's Commercial |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PmRzcHal_Xg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228085839/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PmRzcHal_Xg |archive-date=2013-12-28 |url-status=dead|access-date=July 2, 2020 |publisher=YouTube.com}}</ref> She appeared on several songs on the debut album by [[RuPaul]] titled ''[[Supermodel of the World]]'' released in 1993, most notably the dance chart hit song "[[Supermodel (You Better Work)]]" where she delivered spoken word. She also appeared in several music videos from the album. She had a recurring role as Ms. Porter during the first season of the 1990s sitcom ''[[Martin (TV series)|Martin]]''.<ref name=":5" />

Among Page's film credits are appearances in ''[[Zapped!]]'' (1982), ''[[Good-bye, Cruel World]]'' (1983), ''[[Mausoleum (film)|Mausoleum]]'' (1983), ''[[My Blue Heaven (1990 American film)|My Blue Heaven]]'' (1990), ''[[Shakes the Clown]]'', (1991), ''[[CB4]]'' (1993), ''[[Friday (1995 film)|Friday]]'' (1995) and ''[[Don't Be a Menace to South Central While Drinking Your Juice in the Hood]]'' (1996).<ref name=":5" />

== Comedic style ==
Page used [[Ribaldry|blue comedy]], [[Observational comedy|observational humor]], [[character comedy]] and [[physical comedy]] to share [[Vignette (literature)|vignettes]] about sexuality and religion that drew howling laughter from her audiences.<ref name=":8">Finley, J. (2013). ''Firespitters: Performance, Power, and Payoff in African American Women's Humor, 1968-Present'' (PhD). University of California, Berkeley. pp. 32</ref> She was one of the few women who performed extended spoken word pieces in the [[Signifyin'|black signifying or toasting]] tradition.<ref name=":9">{{Cite book|last=Stallings|first=L. H.|title=Mutha Is Half a Word: Intersections of Folklore, Vernacular, Myth, and Queerness in Black Female Culture|publisher=[[Ohio State University Press]]|year=2007|isbn=978-0-8142-1056-7|pages=113–149}}</ref> Scholar L. H. Stallings argues that through blue comedy, a genre often associated with men, Page and other black female comics in the genre "continue a Black female [[trickster]] tradition dedicated to creating oral cultures, divergent language practices, and initiatives to change definitions and boundaries of gender and sexuality in society”.<ref name=":9" /> In addition, Stallings writes that by speaking openly about her own sexual desires and pleasure, Page broke taboos and challenged dominant ideologies of black women's performances of gender and sexuality.<ref name=":9" /> Page's delivery and cadence was based in black folklore traditions, working-class vocabulary, speech patterns<ref name=":9" /> and black church sermons.<ref name=":8" /> The black church, argues scholar J. Finley, at times uplifted women's voices less than men's, so Page "dealt with women's silence in the church by transforming the sermon into a radical secular form via BWCL [Black women’s comic literacy] and blues idioms."<ref name=":8" /> Page infused jokes like "Whores in Church” from ''[[Watch It, Sucker!]]'' with lilting and rhythmic gospel vocals that, when coupled with her salacious humor, played with divisions between the sacred, secular, and lewd.<ref name=":9" /> Page employed slight impressions to distinguish the characters in her stories, but primarily relayed her tales as an [[omniscient narrator]]. She riffed off her audience, riling them up as she escalated her jokes. She also used physical comedy. At one rowdy 1989 performance in [[Richmond, Virginia]], Page removed her underwear while on stage and auctioned it to the highest bidder in the increasingly rambunctious crowd.<ref>{{Cite web|last=LAMovieBuff1|date=May 22, 2015|title=LaWanda Page Auctions Off Her Underwear!!! Scandals, Richmond, VA, 1989|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EQ125DcIRa4&ab_channel=LAMovieBuff1 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/EQ125DcIRa4 |archive-date=2021-12-13|url-status=live|access-date=May 8, 2021|website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

== Filmography ==

=== Film ===

* ''[[Zapped!]]'' (1982) as Mrs. Jones
* [[Good-bye, Cruel World|''Good-bye, Cruel World'']] (1983) as Wilma
* ''[[Mausoleum (film)|Mausoleum]]'' (1983) as Elsie, the maid
* [[My Blue Heaven (1990 American film)|''My Blue Heaven'']] (1990) as Hotel Maid
* [[Talkin' Dirty After Dark|''Talking Dirty After Dark'']] (1991) as Angel/Devil
* ''[[Shakes the Clown]]'' (1991) as Female Clown Barfly
* ''[[CB4]]'' (1993) as Grandma
* [[The Meteor Man (film)|''The Meteor Man'']] (1993) as Old Nurse
* ''[[Friday (1995 film)|Friday]]'' (1995) as Old Lady
* [[Don't Be a Menace to South Central While Drinking Your Juice in the Hood|Don't Be a Menace to South Central While Drinking your Juice in the Hood]] (1996) as Old School's Mom
* ''West from North Goes South'' (2004) as Mrs. Potter/Gertrude Potter (final film role; released posthumously)

=== Television ===

* [[Sanford and Son|''Sanford and Son'']] (1973 – 1977; 48 episodes) as Aunt Esther Anderson
* ''[[Grady (American TV series)|Grady]]'' (1975; 1 episode) as Aunt Esther Anderson
* [[Stonestreet: Who Killed the Centerfold Model?|''Stonestreet: Who Killed the Centerfold Model?'']] (1977; TV movie) as Erna
* [[The Love Boat|''The Love Boat'']] (1977; 1 episode) as Stella Marshall
* [[Sanford Arms|''Sanford Arms'']] (1977; 1 episode) as Aunt Esther Anderson)
* [[Starsky & Hutch|''Starsky and Hutch'']] (1977 – 1979; 4 episodes) as Mrs. Swayder/Minnie/Lady Bessie
* ''[[Brothers and Sisters (1979 TV series)|Brothers and Sisters]]'' (1979; 1 episode) as Hattie
* [[Diff'rent Strokes|''Diff’rent Strokes'']] (1979; 1 episode) as Myrtle Waters
* ''[[Detective School]]'' (1979; 12 episodes) as Charlene Jenkins
* [[B.A.D. Cats|''B.A.D. Cats'']] (1980; 1 episode) as Ma
* ''[[Sanford (TV series)|Sanford]]'' (1981; 7 episodes) as Aunt Esther Anderson
* [[Hill Street Blues|''Hill Street Blues'']] (1983; 1 episode) as Apartment Fire Victim (uncredited)
* [[1st & Ten (1984 TV series)|1st & Ten]] (1985; 1 episode) as Earlene's Mother
* [[Amazing Stories (1985 TV series)|''Amazing Stories'']] (1985; 1 episode) as Aunt Esther Anderson
* ''[[227 (TV series)|227]]'' (1986; 1 episode) as Ethel
* ''[[Amen (TV series)|Amen]]'' (1991; 3 episodes) as Darla
* [[Family Matters|''Family Matters'']] (1992; 1 episode) as Elmerita Puckerwood
* ''CBS Schoolbreak Special'' (1992; 1 episode) as Mrs. Wicker
* [[Martin (TV series)|''Martin'']] (1992 – 1993; 4 episodes) as Evelyn Porter
* ''[[The Sinbad Show]]'' (1994; 1 episode) as Aunt Lula Mae
* ''[[The Parent 'Hood]]'' (1995; 1 episode) as LaWanda
* [[Dream On (TV series)|''Dream On'']] (1995 – 1996; 2 episodes) as Eddie's Grandmother (final television role)

==Personal life==
Page was married and widowed three times. She married her first husband, John Peal, in 1934 at the age of 14, and before he died when she was 19, they had a son, who died in infancy in 1935, and a daughter, Clara.<ref name="ODR">{{Cite news|last=Scott|first=Vernon|date=May 24, 1976|title=LaWanda Page lives in Beverly Watts|publisher=Ontario Daily Report|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/anonymous-celebrity-clipping-may-24-1976-405726/|access-date=November 16, 2017}}</ref> After her third husband died when Page was in her thirties, she decided to never remarry.<ref name=":3" /> Page was religious<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bobbie Wygant Archive|date=January 17, 2021|title=LaWanda Page 'Sanford and Son' 1975 - Bobbie Wygant Archive|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qkl4X8qEyNs&ab_channel=TheBobbieWygantArchive |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/Qkl4X8qEyNs |archive-date=2021-12-13|url-status=live|access-date=February 26, 2021|website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and affiliated with the Landmark Community Church during her first years in Los Angeles.<ref name="BLU" /> In 1981, she became an [[Evangelism|evangelist]] in the Holiness Church. Her daughter, Clara, was an evangelist preacher.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Anderson|first=Nancy|date=July 24, 1981|title=Former Goddess, Now Evangelist, Stars in 'Wiz Kid'|work=[[The Tennessean]]}}</ref>

== Death ==
Page died of a heart attack following complications from [[diabetes]] on September 14, 2002, at age 81.<ref name="JET" /><ref name="NYT obit" /> She is interred in an outdoor crypt at [[Inglewood Park Cemetery]] in [[Inglewood, California]]. Page's daughter, evangelist Clara Estella Roberta Johnson, died on June 4, 2006, in [[Los Angeles, California]], at the age of 69.

== Legacy ==
Page followed in the footsteps of comic [[Moms Mabley]] along with carving her own path, making room for generations of future comics. Comedian and actress [[Thea Vidale]] called Page "a trailblazer who was never given the respect she deserved."<ref name="BLK" /> Actress Myra J. recalled that Page was "the nicest woman; gave me great advice," and Tony Spires noted that Page "was underrated. A warm woman, nice and endearing with a lot of history from back in the day. Very cool and down to earth."<ref name="BLK" /> Director Donald Welch remarked: "LaWanda lived the life she loved, and loved the life she lived."<ref name="myrna">{{Cite news|last=Oliver|first=Myrna|date=September 17, 2002|title=LaWanda Page, 81; Actress Played Aunt Esther in 'Sanford and Son'|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-sep-17-me-page17-story.html|access-date=May 8, 2021}}</ref>

==Discography==
*''[[Mutha Is Half a Word]]'' (1971)
*''The Goodly Soul'' (1971; with Skillet & Leroy)
*''Back Door Daddy'' (1972; with Skillet & Leroy)
*''[[Preach On Sister, Preach On!]]'' (1973)
*''[[Pipe Layin' Dan]]'' (1973)
*''[[Watch It, Sucker!]]'' (1977)
*''[[Sane Advice]]'' (1979)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb name|0656250}}
*{{Discogs artist|La Wanda Page}}
*{{Find a Grave|6783219}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Page, Lawanda}}
[[Category:1920 births]]
[[Category:2002 deaths]]
[[Category:African-American female comedians]]
[[Category:African-American comedians]]
[[Category:Burials at Inglewood Park Cemetery]]
[[Category:Deaths from diabetes in California]]
[[Category:Actresses from St. Louis]]
[[Category:Actresses from Cleveland]]
[[Category:American women comedians]]
[[Category:American television actresses]]
[[Category:American film actresses]]
[[Category:Comedians from Missouri]]
[[Category:20th-century American comedians]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American actresses]]
[[Category:20th-century American actresses]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American people]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American people]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American women]]
[[Category:Comedians from Cleveland]]

Harlem station (CTA Blue Line O'Hare branch)

2025-06-28T17:19:24Z

75.149.78.53: /* Bus connections */ route 209 no longer operates to the Harlem Blue Line station

{{Short description|Chicago "L" station}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox station
| custom_header= {{Infobox station/Header CTA|name=Harlem|line1=Blue|grid=7200W 5600N|size=.9}}
| image=Platform at Harlem (O'Hare branch) looking outbound (51212705230).jpg
| image_caption=
| address=5550 North [[Illinois Route 43|Harlem Avenue]] Chicago, Illinois 60656
| coordinates={{coord|41.982456|-87.80705|type:railwaystation_region:US-IL|display=inline, title}}
| style=CTA
| line=[[O'Hare Branch]]
| other='''[[Chicago Transit Authority|CTA]]''' and '''[[Pace (transit)|Pace Buses]]'''
| structure=Expressway median
| platform=1 [[Island platform]]
| depth=
| levels=
| tracks=2
| parking=[[Image:Aiga parking inv.svg|20px]] 53 Spaces
| bicycle=Yes
| baggage_check=
| opened={{Start date and age|1983|02|27}}
| closed=
| rebuilt= 2016, 2024-25
| electrified=
| accessible=True
| code=
| owned=[[Chicago Transit Authority]]
| zone=
| former=
| pass_year=2024
| passengers=466,558<ref>{{cite web |title = Annual Ridership Report – Calendar Year 2024 |publisher = Chicago Transit Authority, Ridership Analysis and Reporting|date = January 22, 2025 |url = https://www.transitchicago.com/assets/1/6/2024_Annual_Ridership_Report.pdf |accessdate = April 21, 2025 }}</ref>
| pass_percent=-0.8
| pass_rank = 
| pass_system =
| services={{Adjacent stations|system1=CTA
|line1=Blue|left1=Cumberland|right1=Jefferson Park
}}
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-custom = {{Infobox mapframe |shape=none |marker=rail-metro |marker-color=#00a1de |zoom=15 }}
| map_state = collapsed
| route_map={{Routemap|legend=track|inline=1|map=
RP4!~MFADEg\uSTR!~MFADEg\uSTR!~MFADEg\RP4!~MFADEg
RP4\uSTRf\uSTRg!~POINTERf@gq\RP4~~ ~~ ~~{{rint|Chicago|Blue}} ''to {{cta|O'Hare}}''
RP4!~POINTERg@fq\uPSTR(L)\uPSTR(R)\RP4!~POINTERg@fq~~ ~~ ~~{{jctrdt|state=IL|I|90}} (Kennedy Expy.)
RP4\uPSTR(L)\uPSTR(R)\RP4
RP4\uPSTR(L)\uPSTR(R)\RP4
RP4uhRP4\uSKRZ-G4h\uSKRZ-G4h\RP4uhRP4~~ ~~ ~~{{jctrdt|state=IL|IL|43}} (Harlem Ave.)
RP4\uSTRf!~POINTERg@fq\uSTRg\RP4~~ ~~ ~~{{rint|Chicago|Blue}} ''to {{cta|Forest Park}}''
RP4\uKRWgl+l\uKRWgr+r\RP4
RP4!~MFADEf\uSTR!~MFADEf\uSTR!~MFADEf\RP4!~MFADEf
}}
}}
'''Harlem''' is a [[Chicago "L"]] station serving the [[Blue Line (CTA)|Blue Line]]'s O'Hare branch in Chicago's [[Norwood Park, Chicago|Norwood Park]] neighborhood. It is not to be confused with the other {{cta|Harlem|Blue|Congress}} Blue Line station. Trains run from Harlem every 2–7 minutes during rush hour, and take approx. 30 minutes to travel to the Loop.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.transitchicago.com/assets/1/rail_route_schedules/Blue_Line_Feb2010.pdf|title=Blue Line Route-wide Timetable|date=February 7, 2010|publisher=Chicago Transit Authority|access-date=March 29, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215162658/http://www.transitchicago.com/assets/1/rail_route_schedules/Blue_Line_Feb2010.pdf|archive-date=February 15, 2010|df=}}</ref> O'Hare-bound trains take 10 minutes to reach the airport from Harlem. The station is located in the median of the [[Kennedy Expressway]].

Harlem station opened on February 27, 1983 as part of the 7.9-mile extension of the West-Northwest Route from [[Jefferson Park Transit Center|Jefferson Park]] to [[Rosemont station (CTA)|River Road]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Young|first=David|title=First Link of O'Hare Line Opens|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|date=February 27, 1983|author2=John C White|page=1}}</ref> Similar to the 1970-built stations on the previous [[Blue Line (CTA)|Kennedy Extension]] (Addison to Jefferson Park), Harlem station sits in the median of the [[Kennedy Expressway]] (Interstate 90). Where the previous Kennedy stations were all designed by [[Skidmore, Owings and Merrill]] (SOM) to be aesthetically similar in appearance, stations on the O'Hare Extension beyond Jefferson Park were designed by four different firms in a variety of architectural styles. The Harlem station, the only one designed by SOM, shares a similar boxy, open design of the previous 1970 Kennedy Extension (and the 1969-built [[Red Line (CTA)|Dan Ryan]] stations), except the newer Harlem station has an enclosed platform canopy where the support frame was designed on the highway median walls, thus providing an unobstructed platform, free of column supports. An almost identical canopy frame was also employed at the {{cta|Cumberland}} station, however, it was designed another architectural super-giant, [[Perkins + Will]].

==Bus connections==
'''[[List of Chicago Transit Authority bus routes|CTA]]'''

* 88 Higgins
* 90 Harlem

'''[[Pace (transit)|Pace]]'''

* 423 Linden CTA/The Glen/Harlem CTA (Weekdays only)

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Harlem O'hare CTA Parking.jpg|Harlem Transit Center Sign, November 2007
Image:Harlem Artwork.JPG|Harlem Station Mural, February 2008
File:Harlem O'Hare CTA Platform.JPG|View of the Kennedy Expressway from the platform, November 2007
</gallery>

==See also==
*{{cta|Harlem|Blue|Congress}} (CTA Blue Line Congress branch)
*{{cta|Harlem/Lake}} (CTA Green Line)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.chicago-l.org/stations/harlem.html Harlem (O'Hare Line) Station Page]
*[https://www.google.com/maps/@41.9823125,-87.8069888,3a,75y,280.75h,86.98t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sdMv4Q4EeQ25LNzbAUYM8_g!2e0!7i13312!8i6656?hl=en Harlem Avenue entrance from Google Maps Street View]
*[https://www.google.com/maps/@41.9826802,-87.8077849,3a,75y,179.11h,96.67t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1seifxwzVz5bCG8qHex-omlg!2e0!7i13312!8i6656?hl=en Bus Terminal Entrance along Bryn Mawr Avenue from Google Maps Street View]
*[https://www.google.com/maps/@41.9814687,-87.8087823,3a,75y,42.2h,97.13t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1s7PtxZEvVAdaTOZrHnC8iNw!2e0!7i16384!8i8192?hl=en Bus Terminal Entrance along Higgins Avenue from Google Maps Street View]

{{Chicago "L" stations navbox|Blue=Yes}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Harlem (Cta Blue Line O'hare Branch)}}
[[Category:CTA Blue Line stations]]
[[Category:Railway stations in the United States opened in 1983]]

Ryan Field (stadium)

2025-06-28T17:17:10Z

75.149.78.53: /* New Ryan Field (2026–future) */

{{Short description|Stadium in Evanston, Illinois}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox venue
| stadium_name = Ryan Field
| image = Ryan Field.jpg
| image_size = 240
| caption = Former view from northeast corner in 2006
| location = 1501 Central Street [[Evanston, Illinois]], U.S.<ref name="ballparks">{{cite web|title=Ryan Field|url=http://football.ballparks.com/NCAA/Big10/Northwestern/index.htm|publisher=Ballparks.com|access-date=November 13, 2013|archive-date=January 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170120015604/http://football.ballparks.com/NCAA/Big10/Northwestern/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| coordinates = {{coord|42|3|56|N|87|41|33|W|type:landmark|display=it}}
| pushpin_map = USA#USA Illinois
| pushpin_relief = 1
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the [[United States]]##Location in [[Illinois]]
| pushpin_label = Evanston
| broke_ground = April 8, 1926 (original)<ref>{{cite news |title=Northwestern Starts Work on New $1,000,000 Stadium|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/180791926|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune|Chicago Daily Tribune]]|date=April 8, 1926|access-date=November 13, 2013|page=26|id={{ProQuest|180791926}} }}</ref> 
January 29, 2024 (new)
| opened = {{Start date and age|1926|10|2}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=LaTourette|first1=Larry|title=Northwestern Wildcat Football|year=2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z-zuPpvEMFAC&pg=PA35|access-date=September 28, 2011|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|location=Chicago|isbn=0-7385-3433-1|page=35}}</ref> Fall {{Start date and age|2026}}
| renovated = 1996
| expanded = 1949, 1952
| closed = {{end date and age|2023|11|25}} (original)
| demolished = January 29–June 3, 2024
| owner = [[Northwestern University]]
| operator = Northwestern University
| surface = Grass: 2026–future Grass: 1997–2023 [[Astroturf]]: 1973–1996 Grass: 1926–1972
| construction_cost = [[United States dollar|$]]2.6 million (original)<ref>{{cite news |title=Northwestern's New Field Named Dyche Stadium|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/451523112.html?dids=451523112:451523112&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Oct+28%2C+1926&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=Northwestern%27s+New+Field+Named+Dyche+Stadium&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201062236/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/451523112.html?dids=451523112:451523112&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Oct+28,+1926&author=&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=Northwestern's+New+Field+Named+Dyche+Stadium&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 1, 2013|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=October 28, 1926|access-date=September 28, 2011}}</ref> (${{formatprice|{{Inflation|US|2600000|1926}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}}{{inflation-fn|US}}) 1996 renovation: $20 million
| architect = [[James Gamble Rogers]]<ref name=ballparks/>
| general_contractor = J. B. French Construction Company<ref name=ballparks/>
| former_names = Dyche Stadium (1926–1996)
| tenants = [[Northwestern Wildcats football|Northwestern Wildcats]] ([[National Collegiate Athletic Association|NCAA]]) (1926–2023)
| seating_capacity = '''Final capacity'''
47,130 (1997–2023)
{{collapsible list|
* 48,187 (1996)
* 49,256 (1982–1995)
* 48,500 (1975–1981)
* 55,000 (1954–1974)
* 52,000 (1949–1953)
* 47,000 (1927–1934)
* 25,000 (1926)
}}
| website = {{URL|https://nusports.com/facilities/ryan-field/1|nusports.com/ryan-field}}
}}
'''Ryan Field''' is the name of a [[stadium]] in the [[Midwestern United States|central]] [[United States]], located in [[Evanston, Illinois]], a suburb north of [[Chicago]] near the campus of [[Northwestern University]]. Both the current and former stadiums's primary use is [[American football]], and, aside from a brief construction period in 2024 and 2025, serve as the home field of the [[Northwestern Wildcats football|Northwestern Wildcats]] of the [[Big Ten Conference]].

The original stadium opened in [[1926 Northwestern Wildcats football team|1926]] as '''Dyche Stadium''', named for William Dyche, class of 1882, Evanston mayor from 1895 to 1899 and overseer of the building project.<ref name="bpnwu161122tu">[https://dailynorthwestern.com/2016/11/22/sports/football-northwestern-and-ryan-fields-near-ascendency-into-college-football-glory/ Pope, Ben. "Football: Northwestern and Ryan Field’s near-ascendency into college football glory," ''The Daily Northwestern'' (Northwestern University), Tuesday, November 22, 2016.] Retrieved March 10, 2022.</ref> The stadium was renamed Ryan Field in [[1997 Northwestern Wildcats football team|1997]] in honor of the family of [[Aon Corporation]] founder [[Pat Ryan (executive)|Patrick G. Ryan]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Northwestern University Campus Maps: Ryan Field |url=https://maps.northwestern.edu/txt/facility/40 |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=maps.northwestern.edu |language=en}}</ref> who was then the chairman of Northwestern's board of trustees. The renaming was made by the other members of the board in recognition of the Ryan family's leadership and numerous contributions to Northwestern, including the lead gift to the Campaign for Athletic Excellence, Northwestern's fundraising drive for athletic facilities. The new stadium is slated to open for the 2026 football season.<ref name=":0" />

Before the initial stadium's demolition in 2024, it was the only [[NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision|FBS]] [[List of NCAA Division I FBS football stadiums|stadium]] without permanent lighting, and its final [[seating capacity]] was 47,130. The stadium closed at the end of the 2023 season, and preparation for demolition began on January 29, 2024, to make way for a new Ryan Field on the site. On June 3, 2024, demolition was completed, putting a temporary pause on 97 years of Northwestern football at the site.<ref>{{cite news |date=January 19, 2024 |title=Ryan Field demolition set to begin the week of Jan. 29 |url=https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2024/01/ryan-field-demolition-set-to-begin-the-week-of-jan-29/ |access-date=January 30, 2024 |work=Northwestern Now |publisher=Northwestern University}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Construction update from the Central Street Consortium |url=https://rebuildryanfield.com/construction-updates/newsletters/june-6-2024.html |access-date=September 4, 2024 |work=Ryan Field: A New Vision |publisher=Northwestern University}}</ref>

==History==

=== Original stadium (1926–2023) ===
[[File:Dyche Stadium, North Western University, Evanston, Ill (83279) (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|The stadium c. 1930–1945]]
At the time it was constructed, Dyche Stadium was considered one of the finest college football stadiums in the country.<ref name="NU 150">{{cite book|first=Jay|last=Pridmore|title=Northwestern University: Celebrating 150 Years|publisher=Northwestern University Press|year=2000|page=126}}</ref> The stadium originally consisted of two semi-circular grandstands on either sideline, with the west (home) sideline having a small, curved upper deck whose 2 ends abut in matching concrete towers. The purpose of the curved grandstands was to maximize the number of fans sitting close to the action.<ref name="NU 150" /> A preliminary proposal featured both the west and east grandstands having symmetrical triple decks but was never realized because of cost overruns resulting from an accelerated construction schedule and average attendance figures that rarely approached 50,000.<ref name="bpnwu161122tu"/> End zone seating was later added in the south, and in 1952 [[Welsh-Ryan Arena|McGaw Memorial Hall]] was built beyond the north end zone.

The stadium had a natural grass surface when it opened. It switched to [[artificial turf]] in [[1973 Northwestern Wildcats football team|1973]] and was used until [[1996 Northwestern Wildcats football team|1996]]. Before the [[1997 Northwestern Wildcats football team|1997]] season, the natural grass surface was restored, and the playing surface was lowered approximately {{convert|5|ft}} to improve sight lines from the lowest rows of the stadium.

The [[Chicago Bears]] played their first home game of the [[1970 Chicago Bears season|1970]] season against the [[Philadelphia Eagles]] at Dyche Stadium on September 27 as an experiment; the [[National Football League|NFL]] had required that the Bears move out of [[Wrigley Field]] because its [[seating capacity]] was under 50,000, which was below the minimum set out by the newly constituted post-merger NFL. Also, the [[1970 Chicago Cubs season|Chicago Cubs]] were in a September [[1970 Major League Baseball season|pennant race]] with the [[1970 Pittsburgh Pirates season|Pittsburgh Pirates]] and [[1970 New York Mets season|New York Mets]] in the [[National League (baseball)|National League]] East.<ref name=prceatg>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=repWAAAAIBAJ&pg=5816%2C89367 |work=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |title=Pennant race at a glance |date=September 16, 1970 |page=16}}</ref> If Wrigley Field was needed for postseason baseball games, the temporary grandstand for football along the east sideline (in right and center field) would not be available until late October. After Evanston residents petitioned city officials to block the team from moving there permanently and the [[Big Ten Conference]] opposed the Bears' use of Northwestern's stadium, the Bears ended up moving to Chicago's [[Soldier Field]] the [[1971 Chicago Bears season|following year]].

The stadium hosted the [[1932 United States Olympic Trials (track and field)#Women|1932 Women's]] (July 16) and [[1948 United States Olympic Trials (track and field)#Men|1948 Men's]] (July 9–10) [[United States Olympic Trials (track and field)|US Olympic Trials for track and field]]. The venue also hosted the [[NCAA Men's Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships|NCAA track and field championships]] in [[1943 NCAA Men's Track and Field Championships|1943]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=DI Men's Track & Field (O) Championship History {{!}} NCAA.com|url=https://www.ncaa.com/history/trackfield-outdoor-men/d1|access-date=2022-01-21|website=www.ncaa.com|language=en}}</ref>

It also hosted the summer [[Chicago College All-Star Game|College All-Star Game]] in 1943 and 1944, which had usually been instead held at Chicago's Soldier Field. Both games were played at night with the use of temporary lights.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1988/08/31/recalling-the-night-that-nu-lit-up-the-big-10/|title = Recalling the Night That Nu Lit up the Big 10| website=[[Chicago Tribune]] | date=31 August 1988 }}</ref> The college all-stars held their practices for the game at Dyche Stadium in years such as 1934 and 1935.<ref>{{cite book |last=Schmidt |first=Raymond |year=2001 |title=Football's Stars of Summer: A History of the College All-Star Football Game Series of 1934-1976 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xiwH3cf5DvQC|location=Lanham, Maryland; London, England|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=9780810840270 |access-date=April 21, 2015 }}</ref>

=== New Ryan Field (2026–present) ===
{{multiple image
|align = left
|direction =
|perrow =
|total_width = 400
|image1 = RyanField1.jpg
|image2 = RyanField2.jpg
|footer = Grandstands and exterior view in November 2006
}}
On September 22, 2021, Northwestern announced that the Ryan family had donated $480 million to the university, providing initial funding for replacing Ryan Field with a new stadium at the current site.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://nusports.com/news/2021/9/22/football-ryan-family-makes-largest-gift-in-northwesterns-history.aspx |title=Ryan Family Makes Largest Gift in Northwestern History |publisher=Northwestern Wildcats |date=September 22, 2021 |access-date=September 30, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-06 |title=Funded by the same $480 million gift as stadium proposal, Ryan Institute launches at Northwestern |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2023/09/06/funded-by-the-same-480-million-gift-as-stadium-proposal-ryan-institute-launches-at-northwestern/ |access-date=2024-09-11 |website=Chicago Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref> A year later, Northwestern announced initial design concepts for the new stadium, and that the Ryan family had committed to adding to their initial stadium gift.

The replacement stadium is projected to open in September 2026, at a preliminary cost of $850 million, making it the most expensive college football stadium in the country. Led by the architecture firm the [[David Rockwell|Rockwell Group]], the stadium will have a capacity of 35,000, a reduction of 12,000 from the previous facility and the smallest football stadium in the [[Big Ten Conference]].

The new stadium is projected to be 78 percent larger than its predecessor to accommodate club and plaza areas for entertainment and dining spaces. The stadium will have a canopy for spectator weather protection and for sound retention as a competitive advantage. As was not required at the time of the original 1926 opening, the stadium will also contain required [[ADA compliant]] seats.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-18 |title=Northwestern reveals plans for $850M Ryan Field |url=https://www.espn.com/college-football/story/_/id/42461968/northwestern-reveals-plans-new-850-million-ryan-field |access-date=2024-11-20 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=November 18, 2024 |title=A Bold New Vision for College Football Unveiled at Northwestern |url=https://nusports.com/news/2024/11/18/a-bold-new-vision-for-college-football-unveiled-at-northwestern |work=Northwestern Athletics}}</ref>

Northwestern's plan to use the new stadium as a commercial concert venue had been met with opposition from stadium neighbors and other Evanston residents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Schmidt |first=Corey |date=2022-11-07 |title=Residents worry Northwestern's new Ryan Field proposal could turn Evanston into Wrigleyville |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2022/11/07/residents-worry-northwesterns-new-ryan-field-proposal-could-turn-evanston-into-wrigleyville/ |access-date=2024-09-11 |website=Chicago Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref> Issues included Northwestern's alleged failure to address issues of noise, parking, traffic congestion, and public safety.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2023-03-25 |title=Guest essay: NU misled us and used our stadium working group as a fig leaf |url=https://evanstonroundtable.com/2023/03/25/guest-essay-neighborhood-representatives-on-ryan-field-stadium-working-group/ |access-date=2024-09-11 |website=Evanston RoundTable |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, some have questioned the stadium's continuing to have a property tax exemption while being used for commercial purposes.

[[File:Ryan_field_demolition_240412.jpg|thumb|right|Ryan Field undergoing demolition in April 2024]]

On January 20, 2024, it was announced that a demolition process, without explosives, would begin on January 29. The process is expected to take 4 to 6 months, after confirmation that a new, $850 million stadium would replace the current, aging one.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2023/11/northwestern-gets-green-light-to-move-forward-with-ryan-field-rebuild/|title=Northwestern gets green light to move forward with Ryan Field rebuild|website=news.northwestern.edu}}</ref> The new stadium is currently under construction.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ws1oyWWOGlY |title=Northwestern News Report - February 11, 2025 |date=2025-02-11 |last=Northwestern News Network |access-date=2025-02-20 |via=YouTube}}</ref> Northwestern's football team is temporarily playing at [[Martin Stadium (Northwestern University)|Martin Field]].

==Renaming controversy==
Northwestern's decision to rename Dyche Stadium to Ryan Field defied the university's own 1926 resolution that forbade such a change. School officials said that a private institution can override previous boards' decisions, and dismissed the earlier resolution as a "show of appreciation." But NU did not explain why a mere gesture of appreciation would expressly state that any football stadium at any location would retain the name Dyche, as indeed the 1926 resolution does. The Dyche family was not notified of the change; NU claimed that the only descendant they found was a grandniece, despite other family members living in Chicago and being listed in the phone book. After the family protested, NU said it was willing to install an informational plaque at the stadium, noting its former name.<ref>{{cite news |title=For Dyche Clan, Perpetuity Didn't Last Long|first=Rick|last=Morrissey|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1997/09/18/for-dyche-clan-perpetuity-didnt-last-long/|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|location=Chicago, Illinois|date=September 19, 1997|access-date=July 10, 2016}}</ref>

==Transportation==
The closest transit stations are [[Metra]] commuter railroad's [[Evanston Central Street (Metra)|Central Street station]] and [[Chicago Transit Authority]]'s [[Central (CTA Purple Line station)|Central]] station on the [[Purple Line (CTA)|Purple Line]].

==In popular culture==
Parts of ''[[The Express: The Ernie Davis Story]]'', a 2008 film about [[Syracuse Orange football|Syracuse University]] [[Heisman Trophy]] winner [[Ernie Davis]] starring [[Rob Brown (actor)|Rob Brown]] as Davis, and [[Dennis Quaid]] as Davis' Syracuse coach, [[Ben Schwartzwalder]], were filmed at Ryan Field.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bringing Hollywood to NU|first=Abha|last=Bhattarai|url=http://media.www.dailynorthwestern.com/media/storage/paper853/news/2007/05/01/Campus/Bringing.Hollywood.To.Nu-2889824.shtml|newspaper=[[Daily Northwestern]]|location=Northwestern University|date=May 1, 2007|access-date=May 6, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070503034348/http://media.www.dailynorthwestern.com/media/storage/paper853/news/2007/05/01/Campus/Bringing.Hollywood.To.Nu-2889824.shtml|archive-date=May 3, 2007}}</ref>

Parts of ''[[Four Friends (1981 film)|Four Friends]]'', a 1981 film directed by [[Arthur Penn]], were filmed at Dyche Stadium.

==See also==
* [[List of NCAA Division I FBS football stadiums]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{official website}}
* [http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/architecture/building.php?bid=20 Ryan Field History, Northwestern University Archives, Evanston, Illinois]

{{Northwestern Wildcats football navbox}}
{{Northwestern}}
{{Big Ten Conference football venue navbox}}
{{Illinois college football venues}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Northwestern Wildcats football venues]]
[[Category:Chicago Bears stadiums]]
[[Category:Defunct NFL venues]]
[[Category:Sports venues completed in 1926]]
[[Category:Sports venues demolished in 2024]]
[[Category:1926 establishments in Illinois]]
[[Category:2024 disestablishments in Illinois]]

Damen

2024-08-05T16:12:57Z

75.149.78.53: /* Chicago Transit Authority stations */ Damen is now opened

'''Damen''' is [[German language|German]] for "Ladies". More specifically, it may refer to:

{{TOC right}}
==Surname==
*[[Damen (surname)]], a Dutch surname

==Given name==
*[[Damen Auguste]], a character from "The Immortals" novels
*[[Damen Shaw]] (born 1974), Australian rules footballer
*[[Damen Wheeler]] (born 1973), American football player

==Chicago Transit Authority stations==
Four stations on Damen Avenue (named after Father [[Arnold Damen]])
*[[Damen station (CTA Brown Line)]]
*[[Damen station (CTA Blue Line)]]
*[[Damen station (CTA Pink Line)]]
*[[Damen station (CTA Green Line)]]

==Other uses==
*[[Damen Group]], a Dutch shipbuilding company
*[[Damen (town)]] (大门镇), in [[Dongtou County]], Zhejiang, China
*[[Damen Island]] (大门岛), largest island of [[Dongtou County]], Zhejiang, China
*[[Damen Rural District]], in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran
*[[Das Damen]], American alternative rock band

== See also ==
* [[Dahmen]], a municipality in Germany
* [[Dahmen (surname)]], a German surname

{{disambiguation|geo}}