wiki143 - User contributions [en]

Lewis B. Sturges

2025-01-22T20:08:45Z

2A02:A311:63D3:2100:5800:72F5:8D6:7037: Change

{{short description|American politician}}

{{no footnotes|date=March 2013}}
{{Cleanup Congress bio}}
{{infobox person
| name = Lewis B. Sturges
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1763|03|15}}
| birth_place = [[Fairfield, Connecticut]], U.S.
| death_date = {{dda|1844|03|30|1763|03|15}}
| death_place = [[Norwalk, Ohio]], U.S.
| occupation =
| alma_mater = [[Yale College]]
| parents = [[Jonathan Sturges]]<br>Deborah Lewis Sturges
| spouse =
| children =
| relations = [[Jonathan Sturges (businessman)|Jonathan Sturges]] (nephew)
}}
'''Lewis Burr Sturges''' (March 15, 1763 – March 30, 1844) was a member of the [[U.S. House of Representatives]] from [[Connecticut]] from 1805 to 1817. He was born in [[Fairfield, Connecticut|Fairfield]], [[Connecticut]], the son of [[Jonathan Sturges]], who also served in the House.

Sturges graduated from [[Yale College]] in 1782, engaged in mercantile pursuits in [[New Haven]], and returned to Fairfield, Conn., in 1786. He served as clerk of the probate court for the district of Fairfield from 1787 to 1791, and was a member of the [[Connecticut House of Representatives|State house of representatives]] from 1794 to 1803. Sturges was elected as a [[Federalist Party (United States)|Federalist]] to the [[9th United States Congress|Ninth Congress]] to fill in part the vacancies caused by the resignations of [[Calvin Goddard (politician)|Calvin Goddard]] and [[Roger Griswold]]. He was reelected to the [[10th United States Congress|Tenth]] and to the four succeeding Congresses and served from September 16, 1805, to March 3, 1817. He later moved to [[Norwalk, Ohio]], where he died in 1844. He is buried in St. Paul’s Episcopal Churchyard there.

==External links==
{{CongBio|S001048}}

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{{US House succession box
| state=Connecticut
| district=AL
| before=[[Calvin Goddard (politician)|Calvin Goddard]]
| after=[[Samuel B. Sherwood]]
| years=1805–1817
}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sturges, Lewis}}
[[Category:Yale College alumni]]
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[[Category:People from Fairfield, Connecticut]]
[[Category:Members of the Connecticut House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Federalist Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut]]
[[Category:Sturges family|Lewis]]
[[Category:19th-century members of the United States House of Representatives]]
[[Category:18th-century members of the Connecticut General Assembly]]
[[Category:19th-century members of the Connecticut General Assembly]]

Geoffrey Coleridge, 3rd Baron Coleridge

2025-01-22T12:44:48Z

2A02:A311:63D3:2100:5800:72F5:8D6:7037: Infobox

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Short description|British family archivist}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Geoffrey Coleridge, 3rd Baron Coleridge
| image = Coleridge Escutcheon.png
| alt =
| caption = Coat of arms
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1877|07|23|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1955|03|27|1877|07|23|df=y}}
| death_place =
| nationality =
| other_names =
| occupation =
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
| spouse =
| children =
| parents = [[Bernard Coleridge, 2nd Baron Coleridge|Bernard Coleridge]]<br/> Mary Alethea Mackarness
}}

'''Geoffrey Duke Coleridge, 3rd Baron Coleridge''' (23 July 1877 – 27 March 1955) was responsible for making the archive of his family member the [[poet]] [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge]] available to researchers for the first time.

==Biography==
The only son of [[Bernard Coleridge, 2nd Baron Coleridge|Bernard Coleridge]] [[Member of Parliament|MP]], and grandson of [[John Coleridge, 1st Baron Coleridge|John Coleridge]], a [[Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales|Lord Chief Justice of England]], Coleridge was educated at [[Eton College]] in [[Berkshire]], [[England]]. He graduated from [[Trinity College, Oxford]] in 1900 with a [[Bachelor of Arts|BA]].<ref name=burkes>Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 852</ref>

As a young man he often travelled the law circuits with his father, and went with him to the [[United States]], where he later claimed to have danced down [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]] with [[Ellen Terry]].<ref name=coburn>Kathleen Coburn, ''In Pursuit of Coleridge'' Published by Bodley Head (1977) {{ISBN|0-370-30002-5}}</ref> Coleridge served as a [[Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines)|lieutenant]] in the [[Devon Militia|3rd Battalion]], the [[Devonshire Regiment]] until resigning his commission in 1901.<ref>''London Gazette'' 26 July 1901</ref> He served in [[World War I]] in the 4th Battalion of the Devonshire Regiment, and was promoted Acting Captain in April 1917.<ref>''London Gazette'' 6 July 1917</ref> Coleridge left the [[British Army|Army]] in 1919.<ref>''London Gazette'' 9 May 1919</ref> He succeeded to the title of 3rd Baron Coleridge of Ottery St. Mary on 24 September 1927 after the death of his father.<ref name=burkes/>

In 1930 Coleridge and his wife were approached by Canadian academic [[Kathleen Coburn]] for permission to examine the family archive at The Chanter's House for material written by his great-great-great uncle, [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge]]. The Coleridges mistakenly thought Coburn was interested in the house and its furniture. She later wrote,<blockquote>When I said it was chiefly in any manuscripts and annotated books of the poet in the library, I could see even [Lady Coleridge's] self-control quail. Not a word was said. Geoffrey Coleridge bantered: "Old Sam was only a poet, you know, never did anything practical that was any good to anybody, actually not thought much of in the family, a bit of a disgrace in fact ... why a young girl like you should spend your time on the old reprobate, I can't think! ... Now I at least know something about beef cattle ...".<ref name=coburn/></blockquote>

Coburn wrote that Coleridge <blockquote>...had a brusque, dry, caustic tongue which could be rude or frightening if intuition didn't tell one that the last thing to do was be offended or frightened. With Lady Coleridge's gentle encouragement I cheerfully returned his grapeshot.<ref name=coburn/></blockquote>

Realising that her intentions were serious, he gave her unlimited access to the Coleridge family archive, which he allowed her to have photographed and the copies placed in the [[British Museum]], and granted her permission to edit and publish the [[Coleridge's notebooks|Notebooks]].<ref>[http://www.aidanbell.com/pdfs/coburn.pdf Review of Coburn's ''In Pursuit of Coleridge''] by Hazel K. Bell</ref> In 1949 Coburn was instrumental in negotiating the sale of this Chanter's House archive to the British Museum for £10,200, with a donation from the [[Pilgrim Trust]].<ref name=coburn/> The collection was eventually deposited with the British Museum in May 1951.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS67325180/TTDA |title=Notebooks of Coleridge |newspaper=[[The Times]] |publication-place=London |issue=52065 |page=4 |date=1951-07-28 |access-date=2024-01-09 |via=The Times Digital Archive}}</ref>

Coleridge held the office of [[Justice of the Peace]] for Devon from 1929 to 1952. He married Jessie Alethea Mackarness (1880–1957), daughter of George Evelyn Mackarness, on 14 September 1904 at St. Michael's Church in [[Sandhurst, Berkshire|Sandhurst]]. They had three sons, the oldest, [[Richard Duke Coleridge, 4th Baron Coleridge|Richard Duke Coleridge]] succeeding to the [[Baron Coleridge|barony]] on his father's death.<ref name=burkes/>

Coleridge died of a [[heart attack]]<ref name=coburn/> at the family home, The Chanter's House in [[Ottery St Mary]] in 1955, aged 77.
{{Infobox COA wide
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|crest = A crucifix Or rising from an otter as in the arms.
|supporters = Dexter an otter Proper, gorged with a garland of roses Gules leaved Vert, sinister a lion sable gorged as the former.<ref>{{cite book |title=Debrett's Peerage |date=1878}}</ref>
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{S-start}}
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{{succession box | title=[[Baron Coleridge]] | before= [[Bernard Coleridge, 2nd Baron Coleridge|Bernard Coleridge]] | after=[[Richard Duke Coleridge, 4th Baron Coleridge|Richard Duke Coleridge]] | years=1927–1955 }}
{{S-end}}

{{Coleridge family tree}}
{{Mackarness family tree}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Coleridge, Geoffrey Duke, 4th Baron}}
[[Category:1877 births]]
[[Category:1955 deaths]]
[[Category:People educated at Eton College]]
[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Coleridge family|Geoffrey]]
[[Category:19th-century British Army personnel]]
[[Category:Devonshire Regiment officers]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Devon Militia officers]]

Bernard Coleridge, 2nd Baron Coleridge

2025-01-22T12:41:22Z

2A02:A311:63D3:2100:5800:72F5:8D6:7037: infobox

{{Short description|British lawyer, judge and Liberal politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Bernard Coleridge, 2nd Baron Coleridge
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1851|08|19|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1927|09|04|1851|08|19|df=y}}
| death_place =
| nationality =
| other_names =
| occupation = Lawyer, judge, politician
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
| spouse = Mary Alethea Mackarness
| children = 3
| parents = [[John Coleridge, 1st Baron Coleridge|John Duke Coleridge]]<br/> Jane Fortescue Seymour
}}

[[Image:2ndLordColeridge.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Lord Coleridge.]]
[[File:BJS Coleridge, Vanity Fair, 1909-01-13.jpg|thumb|"The Silver Voiced", caricature by [[Leslie Ward|Spy]] from 1909.]]
'''Bernard John Seymour Coleridge, 2nd Baron Coleridge''' (19 August 1851 – 4 September 1927) was a British lawyer, judge, and [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] politician who sat in the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] from 1885 until 1894 when he inherited his [[peerage]].

==Biography==
Coleridge was the eldest son of [[John Coleridge, 1st Baron Coleridge]], [[Lord Chief Justice of England]], and [[Jane Fortescue Seymour]]. His grandfather, [[John Taylor Coleridge]], was the nephew of the poet [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge]]. He was educated at [[Eton College|Eton]] and [[Trinity College, Oxford]]. He was called to the bar at [[Middle Temple]] in 1877.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/debrettshouseo1886londuoft Debretts Guide to the House of Commons 1886]</ref>

Coleridge was elected [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|member of parliament]] for [[Sheffield Attercliffe (UK Parliament constituency)|Sheffield Attercliffe]] in the [[1885 United Kingdom general election|1885 general election]] and held the seat until 1894 when he succeeded his father as second Baron Coleridge.<ref name="craig1885-1918">{{cite book
|last=Craig
|first=F. W. S.
|author-link= F. W. S. Craig
|title=British parliamentary election results 1885–1918
|orig-year=1974
|edition= 2nd
|year=1989
|publisher= Parliamentary Research Services
|location=Chichester
|isbn= 0-900178-27-2
|page=183
}}</ref> He was the first peer to regularly practice at the bar.

Coleridge became a [[Queen's Counsel|QC]] in 1892 and served as a Judge of the [[High Court of Justice]] from 1907 to 1923.

Lord Coleridge married Mary Alethea Mackarness, daughter of [[John Fielder Mackarness]] ([[Bishop of Oxford]]), on 3 August 1876. They had three children, one son and two daughters. He died in September 1927, in [[Honiton]], [[Devon]], aged 76, and was succeeded in the barony by his only son [[Geoffrey Coleridge, 3rd Baron Coleridge|Geoffrey]].

==Selected bibliography==
*''The Story of a Devonshire House.'' London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1905.
*''This for Remembrance.'' London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1925.

==Arms==
{{Infobox COA wide
|image = [[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|centre|150px]] [[File:Coleridge Escutcheon.png|centre|200px]]
|escutcheon = Argent on a mount Vert in base an otter Proper; a chief Gules charged with a dove of the field between two crosses patée fitchée Or.
|crest = A crucifix Or rising from an otter as in the arms.
|supporters = Dexter an otter Proper, gorged with a garland of roses Gules leaved Vert, sinister a lion sable gorged as the former.<ref>{{cite book |title=Debrett's Peerage |date=1878}}</ref>
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). ''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.

== External links ==
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Bernard Coleridge, 2nd Baron Coleridge}}
* {{Hansard-contribs | hon-bernard-coleridge | Bernard Coleridge }}

{{S-start}}
{{s-par|uk}}
{{s-new | constituency }}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Sheffield Attercliffe (UK Parliament constituency)|Sheffield Attercliffe]]
| years = [[1885 United Kingdom general election|1885]]–[[1894 Sheffield Attercliffe by-election|1894]]
}}
{{s-aft | after = [[J. Batty Langley]] }}
{{s-reg|uk}}
{{succession box | title=[[Baron Coleridge]] | before= [[John Coleridge, 1st Baron Coleridge|John Duke Coleridge]] | after=[[Geoffrey Coleridge, 3rd Baron Coleridge|Geoffrey Duke Coleridge]] | years=1894–1927 }}
{{S-end}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Coleridge family tree}}
{{Mackarness family tree}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Coleridge, Bernard Coleridge, 2nd Baron}}
[[Category:1851 births]]
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[[Category:People educated at Eton College]]
[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford]]
[[Category:English King's Counsel]]
[[Category:Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Coleridge family|Bernard]]
[[Category:Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies]]
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[[Category:UK MPs who inherited peerages]]
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[[Category:English barristers]]

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{{UK-baron-stub}}

Stephen Coleridge

2025-01-22T12:37:59Z

2A02:A311:63D3:2100:5800:72F5:8D6:7037: Change

{{Short description|British lawyer and writer (1854–1936)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[The Honourable]]
| name = Stephen Coleridge
| image = Stephen Coleridge 1910.png
| alt = 
| caption =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1854|05|31|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1936|04|10|1854|05|31|df=y}}
| death_place =
| nationality =
| other_names =
| occupation = Activist, author, barrister
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
| spouse =
| children =
| parents = [[John Coleridge, 1st Baron Coleridge|John Duke Coleridge]]<br/> Jane Fortescue Seymour
}}

'''Stephen William Buchanan Coleridge''' (31 May 1854 – 10 April 1936) was an English author, barrister, [[opponent of vivisection]], and co-founder of the [[National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children]].

==Biography==

Coleridge was the second son of [[John Coleridge, 1st Baron Coleridge|John Duke Coleridge]], [[Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales|Lord Chief Justice of England]], and Jane Fortescue Seymour, an accomplished artist. His grandfather was nephew to the famous poet [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge]].<ref>{{cite EB1911 |first=M.E.G. |last=Duff |authorlink=Mountstuart Elphinstone Grant Duff |wstitle=Coleridge, John Duke Coleridge, 1st Baron|volume=6 |page=677}}</ref> At fourteen he was sent to the public school [[Bradfield College]]. He attended [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], where he graduated in 1878.<ref>{{acad|id=CLRG873SW|name=Coleridge, Stephen William Buchanan}}</ref>

He was admitted to [[Middle Temple]] in July, 1875 and May, 1882.<ref name="Venn 2011">Venn, John Archibald. (2011). ''Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge, from the Earliest Times to 1900''. Cambridge University Press. p. 92. {{ISBN|978-1108036122}}</ref> He was called to the [[Bar (law)|Bar]] in 1886. He worked as private secretary under his father 1884–1890. He was [[Clerk of assize]] for South Wales Circuit in 1890.<ref name="Venn 2011"/>

Coleridge came to widespread public attention in England in 1903, when he publicly accused [[William Bayliss]] of the Department of Physiology at [[University College London]] of having broken the law during an experiment on a dog, thereby sparking the [[Brown Dog affair]]. Bayliss sued for [[libel]] and was awarded damages of £2,000.

Coleridge was also an accomplished landscape artist, who exhibited at the Alpine Club Gallery, the [[Royal Society of British Artists|Suffolk Street galleries]] and the [[Royal Academy of Arts|Royal Academy]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Hon. Stephen William Buchanan Coleridge|website=Richard Gardner Antiques|url=https://www.richardgardnerantiques.co.uk/shop/sold/hon-stephen-william-buchanan-coleridge/|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>

==Animal welfare==

Coleridge was president of the [[League for the Prohibition of Cruel Sports]] and director of the [[National Anti-Vivisection Society]].<ref>[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.151571/page/n727/mode/2up ''Who's Who 1935'']. The Macmillan Company. p. 575</ref> He resigned in 1931 from the League for the Prohibition of Cruel Sports over a difference of opinion with the committee.<ref name="Daily Herald">{{cite news|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000681%2F19310210&page=9|title=Resignation Riddle|newspaper=Daily Herald |date=February 10, 1931 |page=9}} {{subscription required}}</ref> Coleridge commented that "I shall have nothing further to do with the League: I am not changing my views nor deserting the animals".<ref name="Daily Herald"/>

Under leadership of the National Anti-Vivisection Society, Coleridge supported restrictionist legislative proposals for vivisection.<ref name="French 2019">French, Richard D. (2019). ''Antivivisection and Medical Science in Victorian Society''. Princeton University Press. pp. 163-164. {{ISBN|978-0691656625}}</ref> He envisioned progressively more stringent measures leading to total abolition. This angered members who favoured only abolition. In response, [[Frances Power Cobbe]] formed the [[British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection]].<ref name="French 2019"/>

==Selected publications==

*[https://archive.org/details/b24854451 ''Broken Gods''] (1903)
*[https://archive.org/details/b2980923x ''Vivisection: A Heartless Science''] (1916)
*[https://archive.org/details/b2982445x ''Great Testimony Against Scientific Cruelty''] (1918)

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
Stephen Coleridge by Jane Fortescue Seymour.jpg|Coleridge, circa 1873
Vanity Fair - ELF - Anti-Vivisection - M 1238 - 1910-07-27.jpg|Coleridge caricatured by ELF for ''[[Vanity Fair (British magazine)|Vanity Fair]]'', 1910
StephenColeridge.jpg|Portrait of Stephen Coleridge by [[Bernard Partridge]]
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Stephen Coleridge}}
* {{Gutenberg author |id=5218| name=Stephen Coleridge}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Stephen Coleridge}}
* {{Librivox author |id=13421}}

{{Animal welfare}}
{{Coleridge family tree}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Coleridge, Stephen}}

[[Category:1854 births]]
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[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:English anti-vivisectionists]]
[[Category:British activists]]
[[Category:British animal welfare scholars]]
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[[Category:British barristers]]
[[Category:British writers]]
[[Category:Coleridge family|Stephen]]
[[Category:National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children people]]
[[Category:People educated at Bradfield College]]
[[Category:Younger sons of barons]]