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USS Panay

2024-03-08T01:54:20Z

203.189.116.236:

{{Italic title prefixed|3}}
Three vessels of the [[United States Navy]] have been named '''USS ''Panay''''', after the [[Visayas|Visayan island]] [[Panay]].

* The first {{USS|Panay|1899}} was originally a [[Spain|Spanish]] [[gunboat]], in the Philippines, purchased in 1899, after the American occupation, and in various service until 1914, and sold in 1920. Among those who served upon her were future World War II admirals [[Chester W. Nimitz]] and [[John S. McCain Sr.]]
* The second {{USS|Panay|PR-5}} was a [[river gunboat]] launched in 1927, and served on the [[Yangtze Patrol|Yangtze River Patrol (YANGPAT)]] in China until being sunk by [[Japan]]ese [[aircraft]] on 12 December 1937; sometimes referred to as the 1937 [[USS Panay incident|''Panay'' incident]].
* The third ''Panay'' was the general auxiliary {{USS|Midway|AG-41}}, renamed in 1943 to make the name ''Midway'' available for an aircraft carrier.

{{Ship index}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Panay}}
[[Category:United States Navy ship names]]

Clan Stuart of Bute

2024-03-04T07:42:51Z

203.189.116.236:

{{Short description|Highland Scottish clan}}
{{One source|date=August 2014}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox clan
|clan name = Clan Stuart of Bute
|image badge = Clan member crest badge - Clan Stuart of Bute.svg
|chiefs crest =
|chiefs motto = Nobilis Est Ira Leonis (The Lion's Anger is Noble)<ref name="ScotClans">[http://www.scotclans.com/scottish-clans/clan-stuart-of-bute/ Clan Stuart Profile] scotclans.com. Retrieved 8 December 2013.</ref>
|chiefs slogan =
|war cry =
|region = [[Scottish Highlands|Highland]]
|district = [[Argyll]]
|gaelic names =
|image arms = Coat of arms of the marquess of Bute.png
|plant badge = Unknown
|animal =
|pipe music =
|chiefs name = John Bryson Crichton-Stuart
|chiefs title = 8th [[Marquess of Bute]]<ref name="ScotClans"/>
|chiefs gaelic title=
|seat = [[Mount Stuart House]]
|historic seat = [[Rothesay, Argyll and Bute]]
|septs =
|branches =

|last chiefs name=
|date of death of last chief=
|commander =
}}

'''Clan Stuart of Bute''' is a [[Scottish Highlands|Highland]] [[Scottish Clan]] and is a branch of the larger [[Clan Stewart]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute">Way, George and Squire, Romily. ''Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia''. (Foreword by The Rt Hon. The Earl of Elgin KT, Convenor, The [[Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs]]). Published in 1994. Pages 330 - 331.</ref>

==History==
===Origins of the Clan===
The [[Steward (office)|Stewards]] or [[Seneschal]]s of [[Dol-de-Bretagne|Dol]] in [[Duchy of Brittany|Brittany]] came to [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] through [[Duchy of Normandy|Normandy]] and [[Kingdom of England|England]] when [[David I of Scotland]] returned in 1124 to claim his throne.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> In Scotland they rose to a high rank, becoming [[High Steward of Scotland|High Stewards of Scotland]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

Through a marriage to [[Marjorie Bruce]], daughter of king [[Robert the Bruce]], the Stewarts acquired the throne of Scotland when [[David II of Scotland]], only son of Robert the Bruce died.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> Robert Stewart, who reigned as [[Robert II of Scotland]] gave to his illegitimate son by Moira Leitch (according to tradition), Sir John Stewart (1360–1445),<ref name="weir">{{cite book|last1=Weir|first1=Alison|title=Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy|date=18 April 2011|publisher=Random House|isbn=9781446449110|page=228|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7nZ90l1_IzAC&pg=PA228|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Douglas|first1=Robert|title=The Peerage of Scotland|date=1764|url=http://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/ecco/004896980.0001.000/1:54?rgn=div1;view=fulltext}}</ref> the [[Isle of Bute]], the [[Isle of Arran]] and the [[Great Cumbrae|Isle of Cumbrae]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> The king conferred these lands into a [[County]] and made his son the [[Sheriff]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> This was confirmed in a charter by [[Robert III of Scotland]] in 1400.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

===15th century===
John Stewart ( 1360-1445) was 1st Sheriff of Bute between 1445 and 1449.<ref>{{cite web |title=A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZfdRAAAAcAAJ&dq=ninian+stewart+archibald&pg=PA156| last1=Burke | first1=John Bernard | year=1845 }}</ref><ref name="The Stewarts of Ballintoy">{{cite web |title=The Stewarts of Ballintoy |url=https://archive.org/details/stewartsofballin00hill/page/n14/mode/1up |publisher=Hill, George, 1810-1900; Stewart, J. Adger (Joseph Adger)}}</ref><ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> He was succeeded by his son, James Stewart, who was 2nd Sheriff of Bute.<ref name="The Stewarts of Ballintoy"/> His son Stewart 3rd Sheriff of Bute <ref>"The Ancestral McCurdys: Their Origin and Remote History" by Blanchard, H. Percy. The Covenant Publishing Co, 6 Buckingham Gate, S.W.I., London. 1930. |website=http://ia600905.us.archive.org/48/items/ancestralmccurdy00blan/ancestralmccurdy00blan.pdf</ref> was the father of Ninian Stewart who was confirmed in the office of Sheriff of Bute as well as the lands of Ardmaleish, [[Greenan Castle|Greenan]], the Mill of Kilcatten and also Corrigillis.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> Ninian Stewart was created Hereditary Captain and Keeper of [[Rothesay Castle]] on Bute in 1498 by [[James IV of Scotland]], an honour still held by the family today, and shown in their [[coat of arms]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

===16th century===
Ninian Stewart married three times.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> In 1539 he was succeeded by his son James Stewart.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> James suffered during the feud between the [[James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault|Earl of Arran]] who was regent of Scotland and the [[Earl of Lennox]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> James Stewart was succeeded by his son, John Stewart, who attended the Parliament in Edinburgh as the Commissioner for Bute.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> The family favoured the French spelling of the name as ''Stuart'', which was introduced by [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], and is still used by the present Chiefs.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

===17th century and Civil War===
[[File:RothesayCastleNW.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Rothesay Castle]] was held by the Chiefs of Clan Stuart of Bute in the 15th century and during the Scottish Civil War of the 17th century.]]
On 28 March 1627 Sir James Stuart of Bute was created 1st [[Stuart baronets#Stuart, later Crichton-Stuart baronets, of Bute (1627)|Stuart Baronet, of Bute]] in the [[Baronetage of Nova Scotia]] by [[Charles I of England]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> During the early part of the [[Scotland in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms|Scottish Civil War]] he garrisoned Rothesay Castle and raised soldiers for the king at his own expense.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> Stuart was appointed royal lieutenant for the west of Scotland.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> He decided to take possession of [[Dumbarton Castle]] but two frigates that were sent to assist fell foul of stormy weather, with one being completely wrecked.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> As a result, Sir James Stuart was forced to flee to [[Ireland]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> When [[Oliver Cromwell]] was victorious Sir James Stuart was forced to pay a substantial fine to redeem his estates that had been sequestrated.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

Sir James Stuart's grandson was another [[James Stuart, 1st Earl of Bute|James Stuart]], who upon the forfeiture of the [[Duke of Argyll|Earl of Argyll]] in 1681, was appointed as [[Colonel]] of the local [[Militia]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> This James Stuart supported the accession of [[William III of England|William of Orange]] and his wife, [[Mary II of England|Queen Mary Stuart]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

===18th century and Jacobite Risings===
During the reign of [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain]], James Stuart was made a Privy Councillor and a [[Commissioner]] for the negotiation of [[Treaty of Union]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> He was created 1st Earl of Bute on 14 April 1703, as well as 1st Viscount Kingarth and 1st Lord Mount Stuart, Cumra and Inchmarnock, all in the [[Peerage of Scotland]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> However, by 1706, the Earl was convinced that a union with England would not work and withdrew his support when he realised that Parliament would vote in favour of the alliance.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> Stuart married the eldest daughter of [[George Mackenzie (lawyer)|Sir George Mackenzie of Rosehaugh]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

After the succession of [[George I of Great Britain]], [[James Stuart, 2nd Earl of Bute]], was appointed as Commissioner for [[Trade]] and [[Police]] in Scotland, [[Lord Lieutenant]] of Bute and also a [[Gentleman of the Bedchamber]] from 1721 to 1723.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> During the [[Jacobite Rising of 1715]] he commanded the Bute and [[Argyll]] Militia and kept that part of the country peaceful.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

[[John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute]], was a [[tutor]] to [[George III of the United Kingdom|Prince George]] and when the prince became king George III, the 3rd Earl of Bute was made [[Groom of the Stool]] between 1760 and 1761, a [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Privy Councillor]], [[First Lord of the Treasury]] and eventually [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] of [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]] and [[Kingdom of Ireland|Ireland]] in 1762.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=History of John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute - GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/history/past-prime-ministers/john-stuart-3rd-earl-of-bute |access-date=2023-08-24 |website=www.gov.uk |language=en}}</ref> He concluded a treaty with [[Kingdom of France|France]] in 1763 which brought to an end the [[Seven Years' War]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> He was succeeded by his son, [[John Stuart, 1st Marquess of Bute|John Stewart, Lord Mount Stuart, Cumra and Inchmarnock]], who married Lady Elizabeth Penelope McDouall-Crichton, the only daughter, child and heiress of [[Patrick McDouall-Crichton, 6th Earl of Dumfries|Patrick McDouall-Crichton]], 6th [[Earl of Dumfries]], etc., in the Peerage of Scotland, and wife Margaret Crauford.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> In 1796 his rank as 3rd Earl of Bute was advanced to 1st [[Marquess of Bute]] in the [[Peerage of Great Britain]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

===19th century===
[[John Crichton-Stuart, 2nd Marquess of Bute]], was a noted [[Member of Parliament]] in the [[House of Commons]] and [[industrialist]] who is largely responsible for developing the [[Dock (maritime)|docks]] in [[Cardiff]] to rival those in [[Liverpool]].<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> By the time of his successor's death in 1900, Cardiff had become the greatest [[coal]] [[port]] in the World.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> [[John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Bute]], industrial [[magnate]], [[antiquarian]], [[scholar]], [[philanthropist]], and [[architectural]] [[patron]], rebuilt [[Castell Coch]] and [[Cardiff Castle]] as tributes to the high art of the [[Middle Ages]]<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/> and was created a [[Knight]]-Companion of the [[Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle]].

===20th century===
[[John Crichton-Stuart, 4th Marquess of Bute]], was a passionate in [[Architecture]] who was also created a Knight-Companion of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, while his son [[John Crichton-Stuart, 5th Marquess of Bute]], a maternal descendant of [[William IV of the United Kingdom]] by [[Dorothea Bland]], was an expert in [[Ornithology]]. He was succeeded by his son, [[John Crichton-Stuart, 6th Marquess of Bute]], who had a passion for Scottish heritage and received a Knight-Commander degree of the [[Most Excellent Order of the British Empire]] for his efforts before he died in 1993.<ref name="Clan.Encyclopedia.StuartOfBute"/>

==Clan Chief==
The present Chief of Clan Stuart of Bute is John Bryson Crichton-Stuart, 8th Marquess of Bute.

==Clan castles==
* [[Brodick Castle]]
* [[Rothesay Castle]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
* [[Scottish Clan]]
* [[Marquess of Bute]]
* [[Clan Stewart]], a Scottish Clan, recognised by the [[Lord Lyon King of Arms]], though without a recognised Chief
* [[Clan Stewart of Appin]], a Scottish Clan, recognised by the [[Lord Lyon King of Arms]], though without a recognised Chief
* [[Clan Stewart of Balquhidder]], another branch of the Clan Stewart

{{Scottish clans}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Stuart of Bute}}
[[Category:Clan Stewart|Bute]]
[[Category:Buteshire]]

Earl Nelson

2024-03-01T10:29:44Z

203.189.116.236:

{{short description|Earldom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom}}

{{Other people|Earl Nelson}}
{{redirect|Baron Nelson|the title in Stafford|Baron Nelson of Stafford}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox nobility title
| name = Earldom of Nelson
| image = [[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|150px|centre]][[File:Arms of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson (1798).svg|180px|Arms of the Earl Nelson]]
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = <div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
'''[[Blazon]]'''
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
'''Arms''': ''Or, a cross flory sable surmounted by a bend gules thereon another bend engrailed of the field charged with three hand-grenades of the second fired proper a chief of augmentation wavy argent thereon waves of the sea from which issuant in the centre a palm tree between a disabled ship on the dexter and a battery in ruins on the sinister all proper''.<ref name="Montague-Smith 1968 p822">Montague-Smith, P.W. (ed.), ''Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage'', Kelly's Directories Ltd, Kingston-upon-Thames, 1968, p. 822 (Earl Nelson).</ref> <br /> '''Crests:''' 1st: ''On a naval crown or the Chelenk or Diamond Plume of Triumph, presented to Admiral Horatio, Viscount Nelson by the Grand Signor, [[Sultan Selim III]]''. 2nd: ''Upon Waves of the sea the stern of a Spanish man-of-war, all proper, thereon inscribed SAN JOSEF''. <br /> '''Supporters:''' Dexter: ''A sailor habited and armed with a cutlass, with a pair of pistols in his belt proper, his right hand supporting a pike proper, thereon hoisted a commodore’s flag gules, and his left holding a palm branch proper''. Sinister: ''A lion reguardant, in his mouth two broken flagstaffs proper, flowing from the one the Spanish flag or and gules and from the other a French flag gules argent and azure in his dexter paw a palm branch proper.''
</div>
</div>
| creation_date = 20 November 1805
| creation =
| monarch = [[George III|King George III]]
| peerage = [[Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
| first_holder = [[William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson|William Nelson, 2nd Baron Nelson]]
| last_holder =
| present_holder = [[Simon Nelson, 10th Earl Nelson]]
| heir_apparent = Thomas Nelson, Viscount Merton
| heir_presumptive =
| remainder_to = Special remainder (see main text)
| subsidiary_titles = Viscount Merton <br /> Baron Nelson
| status =
| extinction_date =
| family_seat =
| former_seat = [[Trafalgar Park, Wiltshire|Trafalgar House]]
| motto = Over the 2nd crest: '''FAITH AND WORKS''' <br /> Below the shield: '''PALMAM QUI MERUIT FERAT''' ''(Let him bear the palm who has deserved it)''
| footnotes =
}}
[[Image:HoratioNelson1.jpg|thumb|[[Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson|Horatio Nelson]], 1st Viscount Nelson "of the Nile and of Burnham Thorpe" (1801), 1st Baron Nelson "of the Nile and of Burnham Thorpe" (1798), 1st Baron Nelson "of the Nile and of Hillborough" (1801, with [[special remainder]]), 1st [[Dukedom of Bronte|Duke of Bronte]] (1799, Peerage of the Kingdom of Sicily and Naples)]]

'''Earl Nelson''', ''of [[Trafalgar Park, Wiltshire|Trafalgar]] and of [[Merton, Surrey|Merton]] in the [[County of Surrey]]'', is a title in the [[Peerage of the United Kingdom]]. It was created on 20 November 1805 for the Rev. [[William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson|William Nelson, 2nd Baron Nelson]], one month after the death of his younger brother [[Vice-admiral (Royal Navy)|Vice-Admiral]] [[Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson]], the famous naval hero of the [[Napoleonic Wars]] and victor of the [[Battle of Trafalgar]] of 21 October 1805 (during which he was killed in action). The title is extant, the present holder being [[Simon Nelson, 10th Earl Nelson]], who has an [[heir apparent]]. The family seat of [[Trafalgar Park, Wiltshire|Trafalgar House]] in Wiltshire (also known as Standlynch Park) was sold in 1948 by [[Edward Nelson, 5th Earl Nelson]].

==History==
The title was created on 20 November 1805 for [[the Reverend]] William Nelson, 2nd Baron Nelson, who was a son of the Reverend [[Edmund Nelson (priest)|Edmund Nelson]] (1722–1802) and an elder brother of Horatio Nelson. The Nelson family had been settled in [[Norfolk]] for many generations, and the Reverend Edmund Nelson was Rector of Hillborough and of [[Burnham Thorpe]] in that county. He married [[Catherine Suckling]], whose maternal grandmother Mary was the sister of both [[Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford|the 1st Earl of Orford]] and [[Horatio Walpole, 1st Baron Walpole of Wolterton|the 1st Baron Walpole of Wolterton]]. Their fifth but third-surviving son was the renowned naval commander Horatio Nelson.

After defeating the French at the [[Battle of the Nile]] in 1798, Horatio Nelson was raised to the [[Peerage of Great Britain]] on 6 November 1798 as '''Baron Nelson''', of the [[Battle of the Nile|Nile]], and of [[Burnham Thorpe]] in the [[County of Norfolk]], with normal remainder to the heirs male of his body.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=15067 |date=6 October 1798 |page=931}}</ref> In 1799, he was created [[Dukedom of Bronte|Duke of Bronte]] (Italian: ''Duca di [[Bronte, Sicily|Bronte]]''), of the [[Kingdom of Sicily]], by King [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand III of Sicily]], which title he was given royal sanction to use in Britain.

After defeating the Danish fleet at the [[Battle of Copenhagen (1801)|Battle of Copenhagen]] in April 1801, Nelson was further honoured when he was made '''Viscount Nelson''', of the Nile, and of Burnham Thorpe in the County of Norfolk, with normal remainder to the heirs male of his body, on 22 May 1801.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=15366 |date=19 May 1801 |page=549}}</ref> On 18 August of the same year, he was created '''Baron Nelson''', of the Nile, and of [[Hillborough]] in the County of Norfolk, with remainder, in default of male issue of his own, to his father and the heirs male of his body, and failing them to the heirs male of the body severally and successively of his sisters Susannah Bolton and Catherine Matcham.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=15393 |date=1 August 1801 |page=948}}</ref> Both titles were in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

Nelson was killed at the [[Battle of Trafalgar]] on 21 October 1805. Since he had no legitimate children, the barony of 1798 and the viscountcy became extinct upon his death.

He was succeeded in the barony of 1801 according to the special remainder (and also in the dukedom of Bronte) by his elder brother the Reverend William Nelson, who became the second Baron. On 20 November 1805, the second Baron was created '''Viscount Merton''', of Trafalgar and of [[London Borough of Merton|Merton]] in the [[County of Surrey]], and '''Earl Nelson''', of Trafalgar and of Merton in the County of Surrey, in honour of his late brother and with similar remainder to the barony of 1801.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=15859 |date=5 November 1805 |page=1376}}</ref> Both titles are in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The first Earl died without surviving male issue and was succeeded in the dukedom of Bronte by his daughter [[Charlotte Hood, Baroness Bridport|Charlotte]], wife of [[Samuel Hood, 2nd Baron Bridport|the 2nd Baron Bridport]].

The first Earl was succeeded in the British titles (according to the special remainders) by his nephew [[Thomas Nelson, 2nd Earl Nelson|Thomas Bolton]], the second Earl. He was the eldest son of the aforementioned Susannah Bolton, a sister of the first Earl and the wife of Thomas Bolton of Wells in Norfolk. The second Earl assumed the surname of Nelson upon succeeding to the peerages. He only held the titles for eight months and on his early death, the titles passed to his eldest son, the third Earl. He was succeeded by his third but eldest surviving son, the fourth Earl. He never married and on his death in 1947, the titles passed to his eighty-seven-year-old younger brother, the fifth Earl. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the sixth Earl, who was a lecturer in [[astronomy]] and [[anthropology]]. Two of his younger brothers, the seventh and eighth Earls, both succeeded in the titles.

{{As of|2017}}, the peerages are held by Simon John Horatio Nelson, 10th Earl Nelson (born 1971), a great-grandson of the fifth Earl. He succeeded in 2009 and is the eldest son of Peter John Horatio Nelson, the ninth Earl.

Two other members of the family also had distinguished naval careers. The Hon. Maurice Horatio Nelson (1832–1914), third son of the second Earl, was a [[rear-admiral]] in the Royal Navy. His eldest son, Maurice Henry Horatio Nelson (1864–1942), was a [[Captain (naval)|captain]] in the Royal Navy.

==Coat of arms==
[[File:Vice Admiral Horatio Lord Viscount Nelson Coat of Arms.gif|thumb|Contemporary drawing of the [[heraldic achievement]] of Horatio Nelson before Trafalgar<ref name="The Heraldry Society">{{cite web
| author = The Heraldry Society
| title = Horatio Viscount Nelson
| publisher = The Heraldry Society
| date = 2 April 2015
| url = http://www.theheraldrysociety.com/articles/famous_men_women/horatio_viscount_nelson.htm
| access-date = 2 April 2015}}</ref>]]
[[File:Arms of William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson.svg|thumb|Arms of [[William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson]], displaying the additional [[Augmentation of honour|augmentation]] that he was granted]]
[[Coat of arms|Arms]] were granted to Admiral Horatio Nelson and confirmed on 20 October 1797. Nelson's [[Horatio Nelson#Armorial bearings|paternal arms]] (''Or, a [[cross flory]] sable over all a bendlet gules'') were [[Augmentation of honour|augmented]] to honour his naval victories. After the Battle of Cape St Vincent (14 February 1797), Nelson was created a [[Knight of the Bath]] and was granted [[Supporters (heraldry)|heraldic supporters]] (appropriate for peers) of a [[sailor]] and a [[lion]].<ref name="Adkin550">Adkin 2007, p. 550</ref>

In honour of the Battle of the Nile in 1798, the Crown granted him an augmentation of honour [[blazon]]ed ''On a chief wavy argent a palm tree between a disabled ship and a ruinous battery all issuant from waves of the sea all proper'', the [[Latin]] motto ''Palmam qui meruit ferat'' ("let him who has earned it bear the palm"), and added to his supporters a palm branch in the hand of the sailor and in the paw of the lion, and a "tri-colored flag and staff in the mouth of the latter".<ref>{{cite book |last=Harrison |first=James |date=2007 |orig-year=1806 |title=The Life of the Right Honourable Horatio Lord Viscount Nelson |volume=1 |publisher=BiblioBazaar, LLC |isbn=978-1-4346-0663-1 |page=266}}</ref>

After Nelson's death, his elder brother and heir William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson, was granted a further augmentation: ''On a fess wavy overall azure the word [[Battle of Trafalgar|TRAFALGAR]] or''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Foster |first=Joseph |year=1882 |title=The Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage, of the British Empire for 1882; with the Orders of Knighthood |url=https://archive.org/details/peeragebaronetag02fost |publisher=Nichols and Sons |place=Westminster |page=[https://archive.org/details/peeragebaronetag02fost/page/494 494]}}</ref> This additional augmentation was not used by those who succeeded him in the earldom, including the present Earl Nelson.<ref name="Montague-Smith 1968 p822"/>

==Baron Nelson, First creation (1798)==
*[[Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson|Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, 1st Baron Nelson]] (1758–1805) (extinct on his death; created '''Viscount Nelson''' in 1801)

==Viscount Nelson (1801)==
*[[Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson|Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, 1st Baron Nelson]] (1758–1805) (extinct on his death)

==Baron Nelson, Second creation (1801)==
*[[Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson|Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, 1st Baron Nelson]] (1758–1805)
*[[William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson|William Nelson, 2nd Baron Nelson]] (1757–1835) (created '''Earl Nelson''' in 1805), elder brother of the aforementioned Horatio Nelson

==Earls Nelson (1805)==
*[[William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson]] (1757–1835)
*[[Thomas Nelson, 2nd Earl Nelson]] (1786–1835), nephew of the 1st Earl Nelson<ref>Born as Thomas Bolton, then changed his surname to Nelson upon inheriting the earldom.</ref>
*[[Horatio Nelson, 3rd Earl Nelson]] (1823–1913), eldest son of the 2nd Earl
*[[Thomas Nelson, 4th Earl Nelson|Thomas Horatio Nelson, 4th Earl Nelson]] (1857–1947) eldest son of the 3rd Earl
*[[Edward Nelson, 5th Earl Nelson|Edward Agar Horatio Nelson, 5th Earl Nelson]] (1860–1951) younger brother of the 4th Earl
*[[Albert Nelson, 6th Earl Nelson|Albert Francis Joseph Horatio Nelson, 6th Earl Nelson]] (1890–1957) eldest son of the 5th Earl
*[[Henry Nelson, 7th Earl Nelson|Henry Edward Joseph Horatio Nelson, 7th Earl Nelson]] (1894–1972) younger brother of the 6th Earl
*[[George Nelson, 8th Earl Nelson|George Joseph Horatio Nelson, 8th Earl Nelson]] (1905–1981) younger brother of the 6th and 7th Earls
*[[Peter Nelson, 9th Earl Nelson|Peter John Horatio Nelson, 9th Earl Nelson]] (1941–2009) grandson of the 5th Earl, nephew of the 8th Earl
*[[Simon Nelson, 10th Earl Nelson|Simon John Horatio Nelson, 10th Earl Nelson]] ({{Born in|1971}}) eldest son of the 9th Earl

The [[heir apparent]] is the present holder's only son, Thomas John Horatio Nelson, Viscount Merton ({{Born in|2010}}).

== Family tree ==
{{Earls Nelson family tree}}

==Line of succession==

{{Collapse top|title={{small|Line of succession}}}}
{{tree list}}
* ''Rev. [[Edmund Nelson (priest)|Edmund Nelson]] (1722–1802)''
** ''Susannah Nelson (1755–1813)''
*** [[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''Thomas Nelson, 2nd Earl Nelson (1786–1835)''
**** [[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''Horatio Nelson, 3rd Earl Nelson (1823–1913)''
*****[[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''Edward Nelson, 5th Earl Nelson (1860–1951)''
******''Hon. John Marie Joseph Horatio Nelson (1908–1970)''
*******[[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''Peter Nelson, 9th Earl Nelson (1941–2009)''
********[[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] '''Simon Nelson, 10th Earl Nelson''' (born 1971)
*********'''(1).''' Thomas John Horatio Nelson, Viscount Merton (b. 2010)
********'''(2).''' Hon. Edward James Horatio Nelson (b. 1994)
*******'''(3).''' Francis Edward Horatio Nelson (b. 1947)
********'''(4).''' William John Horatio Nelson (b. 1975)
****''Hon. Maurice Horatio Nelson (1832–1914)''
*****''Charles Burrard Nelson (1868–1931)''
******''John Charles Horatio Nelson (1905–1994)''
*******''Anthony Burrard Horatio Nelson (1935-2019)''
********'''(5).''' Thomas Antony Horatio Nelson (b. 1963)
********'''(6).''' Edward Maximilian Nelson (b. 1971)
*********'''(7).''' Alfred John Horatio Nelson (b. 2005)
** [[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''William Nelson, 1st Earl Nelson (1757–1835)''
** [[File:Coronet of a British Viscount.svg|35px]] ''[[Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson]] (1758–1805)''
{{tree list/end}}
<ref>{{cite book |year=2019|chapter=Nelson, Earl |editor1-last=Morris |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Bosberry-Scott |editor2-first=Wendy |editor3-last=Belfield |editor3-first=Gervase |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage|volume=1 |edition=150th |location=London |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |pages=3783–3786 |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=978-1-999767-0-5-1}}</ref>
{{collapse bottom}}

==See also==
*[[Trafalgar Park, Wiltshire|Trafalgar House]]
*[[Viscount Bridport]]
*[[Emma, Lady Hamilton]]

==Notes==
{{more citations needed|date=February 2013}}
{{reflist}}

==References==
*Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). ''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990, {{Page needed |date=February 2013}}
*{{Rayment|date=February 2012}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|position=left|Earls Nelson}}

{{Extant British earldoms}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nelson}}
[[Category:Earls Nelson| ]]
[[Category:Earldoms in the Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Horatio Nelson|Earl]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1805]]
[[Category:Peerages created with special remainders]]
[[Category:1805 establishments in the United Kingdom|Earl]]