wiki143 - User contributions [en]

Metacompilation

2023-04-26T23:48:13Z

2.87.229.202:

{{no footnotes|date=November 2021}}

'''Metacompilation''' is a [[computation]] which involves [[metasystem]] transitions (MST) from a computing machine ''M'' to a metamachine ''M' '' which controls, analyzes and imitates the work of ''M''. [[Semantic]]s-based program transformation, such as [[partial evaluation]] and supercompilation (SCP), is metacomputation. Metasystem transitions may be repeated, as when a program transformer gets transformed itself. In this manner MST hierarchies of any height can be formed. The Fox{{what|date=May 2012}} paper reviews one strain of research which was started in [[Russia]] by [[Valentin Turchin]]'s [[REFAL]] system in the late 1960s-early 1970s and became known for the development of supercompilation as a distinct method of [[program transformation]]. After a brief description of the history of this research line, the paper concentrates on those results and problems where supercompilation is combined with repeated metasystem transitions.

==See also==
*[[Metacompiler]]
*[[Partial evaluation]]

==External links==
* [http://hjemmesider.diku.dk/~jpsecher/ Papers on metacompilation]
* [http://refal.net/doc/turchin/dag/dag.html Metacomputation: Metasystem Transitions + Supercompilation] an introduction to supercompilation

{{prog-lang-stub}}
[[Category:Compiler construction]]

Template:USPTO Patent

2023-04-15T14:36:33Z

2.87.229.202:

[https://image-ppubs.uspto.gov/dirsearch-public/print/downloadPdf/{{{patnum}}} {{{preamb|US Patent No. }}}{{{patnum}}}] {{{title|}}}<noinclude>{{Documentation}}
</noinclude>

Convenience cooking

2023-04-08T05:40:27Z

2.87.229.202:

{{Short description|Practice of streamlining recipes for simplicity and speed}}
{{refimprove|date=February 2018}}
'''Convenience cooking''' is the practice of streamlining recipes for simplicity and speed of preparation.<ref>{{cite book | last=Brown | first=E. | title=Complete Idiot's Guide to Cooking with Mixes | publisher=Alpha Books | series=Complete Idiot's Guide to | year=2003 | isbn=978-1-59257-142-0 | url=https://archive.org/details/completeidiotsgu0000brow | url-access=registration | access-date=February 9, 2018 | page=[https://archive.org/details/completeidiotsgu0000brow/page/17 17]}}</ref> It is a common practice in [[Western culture]]s, where both men and women work outside the home and elaborate meals are difficult if not impossible to prepare given the time constraints. Though seemingly a recent phenomenon, guides to convenience cooking go as far back as 1930 ''[[French Cooking in Ten Minutes]]'' by [[Edouard de Pomiane]], which tried to minimize the time put into much French cooking of the day.

Current well-known practitioners of the art include [[Rachael Ray]] and [[Sandra Lee (cook)|Sandra Lee]]; in addition, ''[[Cook's Illustrated]]'' magazine has often incorporated convenience-cooking principles into their recipes.

==Ingredient simplification==
A significant amount of convenience cooking revolves around simplifying recipes to five or fewer ingredients. There is a substantial genre of cookbooks devoted to such dishes, often, though not always using other [[Convenience food|prepared food]]s as ingredients. In this division, "ingredients" generally does not include such things as [[spice]]s and water.

==Time economy==
Another important skill in convenience cooking is [[time management]]. This genre of cooking focuses largely on process and technique rather than ingredients, and is aimed at getting the best quality out of a quickly prepared meal as possible, especially using common kitchen tools rather than specialized equipment such as [[convection oven]]s and [[microwave oven]]s. Some recipes remove certain steps that take large amounts of time. Sometimes [[kneading]] [[dough]] is removed from the process of making bread because it requires large amounts of time and effort. There are machines like [[Rotimatic]] available in market which makes Rotis, Puris, etc from the flour in just few minutes.

A common adjunct to this school of food preparation is the [[slow cooker]], which allows unattended preparation of braises, soups, and stews.

==See also==
{{portal|Cooking}}
* [[Convenience food]]
* [[Multicooker]]
* [[Slow cooker]]
* [[Rotimatic]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{fast culture}}

[[Category:Cooking]]

Gabriele Pauli

2023-04-06T07:57:54Z

2.87.229.202:

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Short description|German politician}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Gabriele Pauli
| image = Gabriele Pauli (cropped).jpg
| office1 = Leader of the Freie Union Party
| term_start1 = 21 June 2009
| term_end1 = 27 May 2010
| predecessor1 = ''Position established''
| successor1 = Helga M. Hummel
| office2 = Member of the [[Landtag of Bavaria]]
| term_start2 = 28 September 2008
| term_end2 = 15 September 2013
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| office3 = District administrator of [[Fürth]]
| term_start3 = 1 May 1990
| term_end3 = 2 March 2008
| predecessor3 = Dietrich Sommerschuh
| successor3 = [[Matthias Dießl]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1957|6|26|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Schweich]], Germany
| death_date =
| death_place =
| party = [[Christian Social Union in Bavaria|CSU]] (1977–2007)<br />[[Freie Wähler]] (2008–2009)<br />Freie Union (2009–2010)<br />[[Independent politician|Independent]] (since 2010)
}}
'''Gabriele Pauli''' (born 26 June 1957) is a German politician, formerly with the conservative [[Christian Social Union of Bavaria|Christian Social Union]] (CSU) party. She was the District Administrator for the [[List of rural districts of Germany|rural district]] of [[Fürth (district)|Fürth]] from 1990 to 2008.

== Career ==

In 2006 and 2007, Pauli's open criticism of [[Edmund Stoiber]], fellow CSU member and minister-president of the German state of [[Bavaria]], led to a crisis in the party which ultimately resulted in Stoiber's resignation.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sueddeutsche.de/deutschland/artikel/671/98573/ |title=Von Stoibers Flucht aus Berlin bis zum Amtsverzicht |publisher=[[Süddeutsche Zeitung]] |date=18 January 2007 |access-date=26 December 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111003743/http://www.sueddeutsche.de/deutschland/artikel/671/98573/ |archive-date=11 November 2007}}</ref>

On 21 September 2007, Pauli shocked the [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] German state by suggesting marriage should expire after seven years, at which time couples could extend or [[dissolution (law)|dissolve]] the marriage.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/oddlyEnoughNews/idUSHAR05782220070921 |title= Glamorous Bavarian wants law to allow 7-year itch |author= Madeline Chambers |publisher= Reuters |date= 21 September 2007 |accessdate=26 December 2007}}</ref>

She lost a run for the leadership of Bavaria's CSU party in an election won by [[Erwin Huber]] by a large margin. Pauli herself received only 2.5% of the votes.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/deutschland/CSU-Parteitag;art122,2390054 |title= Erwin Huber wird neuer CSU-Parteichef |publisher= [[Der Tagesspiegel]] |date= 29 September 2007 |accessdate=26 December 2007}}</ref>

Pauli left the CSU on 21 November 2007.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/0,1518,518758,00.html |title= Gabriele Pauli verlässt die CSU |publisher= [[Der Spiegel]] |date=21 November 2007 |accessdate=26 December 2007}}</ref> In June 2008, she joined the ''[[Freie Wähler]] Bayern'' (Independent Voters Association of Bavaria). She was one of the party's candidates for the parliament of the state of Bavaria ([[Landtag of Bavaria]]) in September 2008.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.sueddeutsche.de/bayern/artikel/490/181926/ |title=Sicher nicht Frau Pauli |publisher=[[Süddeutsche Zeitung]] |date=23 June 2008 |access-date=15 September 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803175400/http://www.sueddeutsche.de/bayern/artikel/490/181926/ |archive-date=3 August 2008 }}</ref> Although Pauli was listed as candidate number 8 in [[Middle Franconia]], she was ranked first by the region's voters (Bavaria has an open-list system), making her one of the two Independent Voters Association candidates elected from Middle Franconia. She then ran for the European Parliament in June 2009, but her party got only 1.7% of the votes across Germany.

Pauli finished her political career in 2016.<ref>Fürther Nachrichten: ''Schluss mit Politik: Gabriele Pauli verkauft jetzt Schmuck'', 23 November 2016 [http://www.nordbayern.de/region/fuerth/schluss-mit-politik-gabriele-pauli-verkauft-jetzt-schmuck-1.5637804 online abrufbar]</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.gabriele-pauli.de/ Official website]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pauli, Gabriele}}
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Christian Social Union in Bavaria politicians]]
[[Category:20th-century German women politicians]]
[[Category:21st-century German women politicians]]