Splanchnocranium

2023-10-29T18:33:41Z

193.17.251.173: /* See also */ +Neurocranium

{{Short description|Portion of the cranium that is derived from pharyngeal arches}}
The '''splanchnocranium''' (or '''visceral skeleton''') is the portion of the [[cranium]] that is derived from [[pharyngeal arch]]es. ''Splanchno'' indicates to the gut because the face forms around the mouth, which is an end of the gut.<ref>{{cite book |last=Wilkins |first1=Adam S. |title=Making Faces |chapter=How the Face Develops |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=2017 |page=56 |isbn=9780674725522 }}</ref> The splanchnocranium consists of [[cartilage]] and [[endochondral bone]]. In [[mammal]]s, the splanchnocranium comprises the three [[ear ossicles]] (i.e., [[incus]], [[malleus]], and [[stapes]]), as well as the [[alisphenoid]], the [[Temporal styloid process|styloid process]], the [[hyoid apparatus]], and the [[thyroid cartilage]].<ref name=kentcarr>{{cite book |last1=Kent |first1=George C.|last2=Carr |first2=Robert K.|year=2001|title=Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates|edition=9th |location=New York, NY |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn= 0-07-303869-5}}</ref>

In other [[tetrapod]]s, such as [[amphibian]]s and [[reptile]]s, homologous bones to those of mammals, such as the [[quadrate bone|quadrate]], [[articular]], [[columella (auditory system)|columella]], and [[entoglossus]] are part of the splanchnocranium.<ref name=kentcarr />

== See also ==
* [[Dermatocranium]]
* [[Endocranium]]
* [[Neurocranium]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Human anatomy]]
[[Category:Vertebrate anatomy]]

{{anatomy-stub}}

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Splanchnocranium