Kamień Śląski
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The main landmarks of are the local Kamień Śląski palace, which houses a sanctuary dedicated to Saint Hyacinth of Poland, who was born in the village, and the Saint Hyacinth church.
History
The oldest known mention of the village comes from the early-12th-century Gesta principum Polonorum, the oldest Polish chronicle.[1] It was mentioned as a seat of Polish ruler Bolesław III Wrymouth, both under the Latinized Polish name Kamencz and under the translated Latin name Lapis.[1] The name is of Polish origin and means "stone". It was part of Piast-ruled Poland, and was owned by the Odrowąż family.[1] Later on, it was also part of Bohemia, Prussia and Germany.
After the restoration of independent Poland after World War I in 1918, the local Polish majority made efforts to reintegrate the village with Poland. In the local elections in 1919, Poles won 11 out of 12 seats.[2] During the Second Silesian Uprising, the village was easily captured by the Poles.[2] Despite the Upper Silesia plebiscite of 1921, in which 55,3% voted in favour of rejoining Poland, the village was assigned to Germany, and soon afterwards it was the place of bloody fights during the Third Silesian Uprising.[2] A German unit committed a crime and murdered five Polish civilians.[2] In May 1921 the village passed between the fighting sides several times, before it was eventually seized by the Germans, while Polish insurgents retained control of the local railway station.[2] Fights ended on May 31, 1921, when French troops entered the village and established a neutral zone.[2] In the final stages of World War II, in January 1945, Soviet troops entered the village and plundered the St. Hyacinth chapel, and afterwards the village was restored to Poland.[1]
In 2012, the St. Hyacinth church in Kamień Śląski received church bells from the closed and demolished former Polish and Redemptorist monastery in Bochum, Germany.[3][4][5]
Notable residents
- Ceslaus Odrowąż (ca. 1180–ca. 1242), Polish Dominican priest, Blessed of the Catholic Church[1]
- Hyacinth of Poland (ca. 1183–1257), Polish Dominican priest and missionary, founder of the first Dominican monastery in Poland (in Kraków), Saint of the Catholic Church[1]
- Bronislava of Poland (c. 1203–1259), Polish nun of the Premonstratensian Order, Blessed of the Catholic Church[1]
- Hyazinth Graf Strachwitz (1893–1968), general
References
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