GAZ-66
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The GAZ-66 is a Soviet and later Russian 4x4 all-road (off-road) military truck produced by GAZ. It was one of the main cargo vehicles for motorized infantry of the Soviet Army and is still employed in former Soviet Union countries.[1] It is nicknamed shishiga (шишига), shisharik (шишарик)/shehsherik (шешерик), trueman (in Siberia).
History
After tests and trials, in 1969 GAZ-66 received the state quality mark of the USSR. It was the first USSR truck to receive such an award.[2]
Almost one million vehicles of this type were built for both military and civilian use. The GAZ-66 has gained legendary status in many countries due to its reliability, simplicity and off-road capability.[3] Since the 1960s, the GAZ-66 has been popular with armed forces and off-road enthusiasts.[4] Production ceased in 1999, with the GAZ-3308 being produced instead.
Basic versions
- GAZ-66-1 (1964–1968) - the first model with no centralized system for adjusting the air pressure in the tires
- GAZ-66A (1964–1968) - with a winch
- GAZ-34 - a 6×6 prototype
- GAZ-66B (1966) - Paratrooper version with telescopic steering column, folding roof and folding windshield frame
- BM-21V "Grad-V" (Vozdushnodesantiy – 'airborne') (NATO designation M1975): Developed for airborne troops in 1969. A GAZ-66B 4x4 truck chassis is fitted with a 12-round 122 mm rocket launcher. The vehicle is sturdy enough to be air-dropped. Parts of the vehicle such as the canvas cab roof can be taken off or folded down to reduce its size during transit. Like the BM-21, the BM-21V has stabilizing jacks on the rear of the vehicle for support when firing. The launch vehicle has the industrial index of 9P125.
- GAZ-66D (1964–1968) - the chassis with a power take-off
- GAZ-66P - tractor (experimental)
- GAZ-66E (1964–1968) - with shielded electrical equipment
- GAZ-66-01 (1968–1985) - the base model with a centralized control system for tire pressure
- GAZ-66-02 (1968–1985) - with a winch
- GAZ-66-03 (1964–1968) - with shielded electrical equipment
- GAZ-66-04 (1968–1985) - the chassis with shielded electrical equipment
- GAZ-66-05 (1968–1985) - with shielded electrical equipment and a winch
- GAZ-66-11 (1985–1996) - upgraded base model
- GAZ-66-12 (1985–1996) - with a winch
- GAZ-66-14 (1985–1996) - the chassis with shielded electrical equipment and a power take-off
Military versions
- GAZ-66-15 (1985–1996) - with shielded electrical equipment and a winch
- GAZ-66-16 (1991–1993) - modernized version with ZMZ-513.10, reinforced tires (wheels - lean), completed the brakes, the platform without intruding wheel niches (also installed on GAZ-66-11 and GAZ-66-40 ), load capacity 2.3 tons
- GAZ-66-21 (1993–1995) - the national-economic modification with the dual tires and rear axle wooden platform GAZ-53, load capacity 3.5 tons
- GAZ-66-31 - chassis for trucks
- GAZ-66-41 (1992–1995) - a naturally aspirated GAZ-544 diesel engine
- GAZ-66-40 (1995–1999) - with a GAZ-5441 turbodiesel
- GAZ-66-92 (1987–1995) - for use in the far north
- GAZ-66-96 - chassis for shift buses
Export versions
- GAZ-66-51 (1968–1985)
- GAZ-66-52 (1968–1985) - with a winch
- GAZ-66-81 (1985–1995) - for countries with a temperate climate
- GAZ-66-91 (1985–1995) - for countries with a tropical climate
Specialised versions
- AP-2 - aid station, the main transport unit regimental aid station.
- AS-66 - ambulance, designed to evacuate the wounded.
- DDA-2 - disinfecting shower installation, is used in the military (sometimes civil) sanitary-epidemiological units.
- GZSA-731, 983A, 947, 3713, 3714 - Vans "Mail", "bread" and "Medicine"
- MZ-66 - Lube.
- 3902, 3903, 39021, 39031 - mobile workshops to provide technical assistance to agricultural machinery.
- 2001, 2002, 3718, 3719, 3716, 3924, 39521 - mobile clinics
- NZAS-3964, Volgar-39461 - watch buses
- GAZ-SAZ-3511 - tipper for agricultural purposes on the GAZ-66-31 (build - Saransk).
- GAZ-KAZ-3511 - tipper for agricultural purposes on GAZ-66-31 (build - Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan)
Operators
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- Script error: No such module "flag". - Armed Forces of Belarus[6]
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- Template:Country data IranTemplate:Sfn
- Template:Country data Iraq[9]
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- Template:Country data Moldova - Armed Forces of the Republic of Moldova[10]
- Template:Country data North Korea
- Template:Country data Laos
- Template:Country data Poland: Only specialized variants in use.
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- Template:Flagicon Romania - Romanian Armed Forces
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- Template:Flagicon Transnistria
- Template:Country data Ukraine - Ukrainian Armed Forces[12]
- Template:Country data Vietnam
Former operators
- Template:Country data Afghanistan - Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan[13]
- Template:Country data FinlandTemplate:Sfn – purchased 200 regular GAZ-66 trucks and 100 special versions for Finnish defence forces 1972–1975. Another round (140 units) in year 1986–1989.
- Template:GDR – passed on to Germany after reunification; retired.
- Template:Country data USSR – passed on to successor states.
Specifications
Specifications for GAZ-66-11[14][15]
- Design
- Cab-forward design, 2-seat cab + 21 passengers in the back.
- Payload: Template:Convert plus the same weight trailer
- Suspension: Solid axles with leaf springs
- Engine
- Type- ZMZ-66-06 V8 petrol (carburetor) OHV engine; heavy duty version of the ZMZ-53[16][17][18]
- Displacement: 4,254 cc (Bore Template:Convert, Stroke Template:Convert)
- Compression ratio: 7.6:1
- Output: Template:Convert @ 3,200 rpm
- Torque: Template:Convert @ 2,000-2200 rpm
- Max. speed- Template:Convert(speed governed)
- Brakes
- Type: Drums, with hydraulic control, single circuit, servo assisted
- Stopping distance from 20 mph: 27'
- Measurements
- L×W×H: Template:Convert x Template:Convert x Template:Convert(cab) / Template:Convert(tent)
- Wheelbase: Template:Convert
- Track front/rear: Template:Convert/Template:Convert
- Curb weight: Template:Convert
- Fuel tanks: 2 x Template:Convert
- Fuel economy: Template:Convert
- Maneuverability
- Turning circle: Template:Convert
- Approach angle: 41°
- Departure angle: 32°
- Max. ascent angle: 31–37° (fully loaded)
- Ground clearance: Template:Convert
- Fording depth: Template:Convert
- Tires
- Size: 12–18"
- Pressure: Adjustable with central tyre inflation system from cab
Popular culture
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- In the 2010 game Call of Duty: Black Ops, the GAZ-66 is used as a transport for guards in the level "Vorkuta".
- It is mentioned in the 1991 Tom Clancy novel The Sum Of All Fears.
- In the Russian version of the TV show Top Gear, a test was conducted on the vehicle's strengths: the body had building rubble dropped on it, it was set on fire and submerged in water. After all these tests, it kept going.
- The GAZ-66 was featured in the movie The Expendables 2 with Jean-Claude Van Damme.
- The GAZ-66 is a truck in the game MudRunner with the name of B-66 due to copyright claims.
- In the 2019 HBO TV miniseries Chernobyl, the truck is used by Gen. Col. Vladimir Pikalov, commander of the Soviet Chemical Troops, to carry out a radiation measuring at the damaged power plant, with high-range dosimeter placed at the front and lead sheets covering the cabin.
- In the 2020 film Wonder Woman 1984. Appears in the Middle Eastern convoy scene.
Bibliography
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References
External links
- English website for Russian Military Trucks
- The UK home of the Gaz 66
- GAZ-66 enthusiast group
- The German home of the GAZ-66
- German blog with GAZ-66 restoration and travel info
- GAZ-66 enthusiast website
- Polish GAZ-66 site
- GAZ-66 expedition site
- GAZ-66 blog
- GAZ-66 Video
- GAZ-66 Video
- GAZ-66 Video
- History of the predecessor of GAZ-66 - GAZ-62 (rus)
- GAZ-66 3d model
- GAZ-66 3d 360-view
Template:GAZ timeline 1960-present Template:Authority control
- ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
- ↑ Л. Д. Гоголев. Автомобили в боевом строю. М., "Молодая гвардия", 1981.
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- ↑ Подразделения войск связи Вооруженных Сил получили новую и модернизированную технику // Военное информационное агентство от 30 мая 2024
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- ↑ Testarea nu cunoaşte clipe de respiro // "Oastea Moldovei", № 11, 2020. стр.6-7
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- ↑ Afghanistan along a peace road // "Soviet Military Review", No. 8, August 1988. pages 40-41
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- ↑ ЗМЗ-511: технические характеристики
- ↑ Двигатели на ГАЗ 3307
- ↑ Двигатели V8 ЗМЗ конструкция, характеристики, история разработки