Columnea
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Columnea is a genus of around 200 species of epiphytic herbs and shrubs in the family Gesneriaceae, native to the tropics of the Americas and the Caribbean. The tubular or oddly shaped flowers are usually large and brightly colored – usually red, yellow, or orange – sometimes resembling a fish in shape. A common name is flying goldfish plants (see also the related Nematanthus) due to the unusual flower shape.
The genus was named by Carl Linnaeus after the Latinized spelling of the name of the 16th-century Italian botanist Fabio Colonna (Latin: Fabius Columnus).[1][2]
The segregate genus Bucinellina is considered by many botanists a synonym of Columnea. A full list of the species now accepted in the genus, along with their synonyms, can be found at the World Checklist of Gesneriaceae.[3]
Cultivation
Columnea species grow as epiphytic plants in the wild and require bright light, good air circulation, and a well-drained growing medium that is allowed to dry out slightly between waterings. They are very tolerant of underpotting and seem to bloom best when potbound. Most are tropical plants and are easy to grow under indoor or greenhouse conditions but some species come from high altitudes and require cooler temperatures to grow well or bloom. Many of the species are seasonal bloomers, but hybrids and cultivars can be more or less continuously blooming.
The hybrid Columnea × banksii has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[4]
Species
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216 species are accepted.[5]
- Columnea albiflora L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea albovinosa (M.Freiberg) J.L.Clark & L.E.SkogScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea aliena (C.V. Morton) C.V. Morton
- Columnea allenii C.V. Morton
- Columnea ambigua (Urb.) B.D. Morley
- Columnea ampliata (Wiehler) L.E. Skog
- Columnea angulata J.L.Clark & TobarScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea angustata (Wiehler) L.E. Skog
- Columnea anisophylla DC.
- Columnea antennifera J.L.Clark & ClavijoScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea antiocana (Wiehler) J.F. Sm.
- Columnea argentea Griseb.
- Columnea arguta C.V. Morton
- Columnea asteroloma (Wiehler) L.E. Skog
- Columnea atahualpae J.F. Sm. & L.E. Skog
- Columnea aurantia Wiehler
- Columnea aurea Warsz., nom. nud.
- Columnea bilabiata Seem.
- Columnea billbergiana Beurl.
- Columnea bivalvis J.L. Clark & M. Amaya
- Columnea blancoi J.E.Jiménez, Chinchilla & KriebelScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea brenneri (Wiehler) B.D. Morley
- Columnea brevipila Urb.
- Columnea byrsina (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea calotricha Donn. Sm.
- Columnea canarina WiehlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea capillosa L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea carinata J.L.Clark & L.E.SkogScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea caudata M.Amaya & L.P.KvistScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea cerropirrana (Wiehler) L.E. Skog
- Columnea ceticeps J.L.Clark & J.F.Sm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea chiricana Wiehler
- Columnea chocoensis M.Amaya & L.E.SkogScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea chrysotricha L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea ciliata (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea citriflora L.E. Skog
- Columnea cobana Donn. Sm.
- Columnea colombiana (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea consanguinea Hanst.
- Columnea coronata M. Amaya, L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea coronocrypta M. Amaya, L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea corralesii M.Amaya & J.F.Sm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea crassa C.V. Morton
- Columnea crassicaulis (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea crassifolia Brongn. ex Lem.
- Columnea cruenta B.D. Morley
- Columnea cuspidata L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea dictyophylla Donn. Sm.
- Columnea dielsii Mansf.
- Columnea dimidiata (Benth.) Kuntze
- Columnea dissimilis C.V. Morton
- Columnea domingensis (Urb.) B.D. Morley
- Columnea dressleri Wiehler
- Columnea eburnea (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea elongatifolia L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea ericae Mansf.
- Columnea erythrophaea Decne. ex Houll.
- Columnea erythrophylla Hanst.
- Columnea eubracteata Mansf.
- Columnea fawcettii (Urb.) C.V. Morton
- Columnea fernandezii M. Amaya
- Columnea ferruginea J.F.Sm. & J.L.ClarkScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea figueroae M.AmayaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea filamentosa L.E. Skog
- Columnea filifera (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea filipes Oliver
- Columnea fimbricalyx L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea flaccida Seem.
- Columnea flexiflora L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea floribunda Tobar & J.L.ClarkScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea florida C.V. Morton
- Columnea fluidifolia J.L.Clark & TobarScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea foreroi M.AmayaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea formosa (C.V. Morton) C.V. Morton
- Columnea fractiflexa J.F.Sm. & J.L.ClarkScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea fritschii (Rusby) J.F. Sm.
- Columnea fuscihirta L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea gallicauda Wiehler
- Columnea gigantifolia L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea glabra Oerst.
- Columnea grata (Oerst. ex Hanst.) C.V.MortonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea grisebachiana Kuntze
- Columnea guatemalensis Sprague
- Columnea guianensis C.V. Morton
- Columnea guttata Poepp. in Poepp. & Endl.
- Columnea harrisii (Urb.) Britton ex C.V. Morton
- Columnea herthae Mansf.
- Columnea hiantiflora Wiehler
- Columnea hirsuta Swartz, non Auct.
- Columnea hirsutissima C.V. Morton
- Columnea hirta Klotzsch & Hanst.
- Columnea hispida Swartz
- Columnea hypocyrtantha (Wiehler) J.F. Sm. & L.E. Skog
- Columnea illepida H.E. Moore
- Columnea inaequilatera Poepp. in Poepp. & Endl.
- Columnea incarnata C.V. Morton
- Columnea incredibilis L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea isernii Cuatrec.
- Columnea kalbreyeriana Masters
- Columnea karstenianum R.Kr.SinghScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea katzensteiniae (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea kienastiana Regel
- Columnea kucyniakii Raymond
- Columnea labellosa H. Karst.
- Columnea laciniata J.L.Clark & M.AmayaScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea laevis L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea lanata (Seem.) Kuntze
- Columnea lariensis Kriebel
- Columnea lehmannii Mansf.
- Columnea lepidocaula Hanst.
- Columnea linearis Oerst.
- Columnea longinervosa L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea longipedicellata M.Amaya, Clavijo & O.H.MarínScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea lophophora Mansf.
- Columnea lucifer J.L. Clark
- Columnea maculata C.V. Morton
- Columnea magnifica Klotzsch ex Oerst.
- Columnea manabiana (Wiehler) J.F. Sm. & L.E. Skog
- Columnea mastersonii (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea medicinalis (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea megafolia L.E.Skog & M.Amaya
- Columnea microcalyx Hanst. (synonym Columnea gloriosa Sprague)
- Columnea microphylla Klotzsch & Hanst. ex Oerst.
- Columnea minor (Hook.) Hanst.
- Columnea minutiflora L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea mira B.D. Morley
- Columnea moesta Poepp. in Poepp. & Endl.
- Columnea moorei C.V. Morton
- Columnea nariniana (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea nematoloba L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea nervosa (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst.
- Columnea nicaraguensis Oerst.
- Columnea oblongifolia Rusby
- Columnea ochroleuca (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst.
- Columnea oerstediana Klotzsch ex Oerst.
- Columnea orientandina (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea ornata (Wiehler) L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea ovatifolia L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea oxyphylla Hanst.
- Columnea panamensis C.V. Morton
- Columnea paraguensis M.Amaya & J.F.Sm.
- Columnea paramicola (Wiehler) L.P.Kvist & L.E.SkogScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea parviflora C.V. Morton
- Columnea pectinata C.V. Morton
- Columnea pedunculata M. Amaya, L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea pendens J.L.Clark, Tobar & J.F.Sm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea pendula (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst.
- Columnea perpulchra C.V. Morton
- Columnea peruviana Zahlbr.
- Columnea polyantha (Wiehler) L.E. Skog
- Columnea poortmannii (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea praetexta Hanst.
- Columnea proctorii Stearn
- Columnea pubescens (Griseb.) Kuntze
- Columnea pulcherrima C.V. Morton
- Columnea pulchra (Wiehler) L.E. Skog
- Columnea purpurata Hanst.
- Columnea purpureovittata (Wiehler) B.D. Morley
- Columnea purpurimarginata L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog
- Columnea purpusii Standl.
- Columnea pygmaea J.L. Clark & J.F. Sm.
- Columnea querceti Oerst.
- Columnea queremalensis M. Amaya, L.E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
- Columnea rangelii M.Amaya & O.H.MarínScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea raymondii C.V. Morton
- Columnea repens (Hook.) Hanst.
- Columnea reticulata M. Amaya, L.E.Skog, C.E.González, & J.F.Sm.
- Columnea rileyi (Wiehler) J.F.Sm.
- Columnea ringens Regel
- Columnea robusta (Wiehler) L.E.Skog
- Columnea rosea (C.V. Morton) C.V.Morton
- Columnea rubra C.V. Morton
- Columnea rubriacuta (Wiehler) L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog
- Columnea rubribracteata L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog
- Columnea rubricalyx L.P.Kvist & L.E.Skog
- Columnea rubricaulis Standl.
- Columnea rubrocincta C.V.Morton
- Columnea rutilans Swartz
- Columnea sanguinea (Pers.) Hanst.
- Columnea sanguinolenta (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst.
- Columnea scandens L.
- Columnea schiedeana Schlechtend.
- Columnea schimpffii Mansf.
- Columnea segregata B.D.Morley
- Columnea sericeo-villosa Suess.
- Columnea serrata (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst.
- Columnea silvarum C.V.Morton
- Columnea skogii Amaya M.
- Columnea spathulata Mansf.
- Columnea stilesiana M.Amaya & L.P.KvistScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea stricta RusbyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea strigosa Benth.
- Columnea subcordata C.V.Morton
- Columnea suffruticosa J.F.Sm. & L.E.Skog
- Columnea sulcata L.E.Skog & L.P.Kvist
- Columnea sulfurea Donn. Sm.
- Columnea tandapiana (Wiehler) L.E.Skog & L.P.Kvist
- Columnea tecta J.L.Clark & Clavijo
- Columnea tenella L.P.Kvist & L.E.SkogScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea tenensis (Wiehler) B.D. Morley
- Columnea tenuis Klotzsch ex Oerst.
- Columnea tessmannii Mansf.
- Columnea tincta Griseb.
- Columnea tomentulosa C.V. Morton
- Columnea trollii Mansf.
- Columnea tutunendana (Wiehler) L.E.Skog
- Columnea ulei Mansf.
- Columnea ultraviolacea J.F.Sm. & L.E.Skog
- Columnea urbanii Stearn
- Columnea verecunda C.V.Morton
- Columnea villosissima Mansf.
- Columnea vinacea C.V.Morton
- Columnea vittata (Wiehler) L.E.Skog
- Columnea weberbaueri Mansf.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea xiphoidea J.F.Sm. & L.E.Skog
- Columnea zebranella WiehlerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
- Columnea zebrina Raymond