Phlox

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Template:Short description Script error: No such module "other uses". Template:Automatic taxobox

Phlox (Template:IPAc-en; Template:Langx "flame"; plural "phlox" or "phloxes", Template:Langx Template:Transliteration) is a genus of 68 species of perennial and annual plants in the family Polemoniaceae. They are found mostly in North America (one in Siberia) in diverse habitats from alpine tundra to open woodland and prairie. Some flower in spring, others in summer and fall. Flowers may be pale blue, violet, pink, bright red, or white. Many are fragrant.

Description

File:Phlox on a patio.jpg
Phlox on a patio

The name is derived from the Ancient Greek word Template:Transliteration meaning flame in reference to the intense flower colors of some varieties.[1] Fertilized flowers typically produce one relatively large seed. The fruit is a longitudinally dehiscent capsule with three or more valves that sometimes separate explosively.[2]

Some species such as P. paniculata (garden phlox) grow upright, while others such as P. subulata (moss phlox, moss pink, mountain phlox) grow short and matlike. Paniculata or tall phlox, is a native American wildflower that is native from New York to Iowa south to Georgia, Mississippi and Arkansas. It blooms from July to September.

Creeping phlox spreads rapidly and makes great ground cover.[3] It can be planted to cover banks, fill spaces under tall trees, and spill and trail over slopes. Creeping phlox blooms in spring and produces long, spreading stems, which become woody with age. It was introduced into cultivation by the late 1700s.[4]

The foliage of Phlox is a food for the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including dot moth, Gazoryctra wielgusi, hummingbird hawk-moth and Schinia indiana (which feeds exclusively on P. pilosa). Phlox species are also a popular food source for groundhogs, rabbits and deer.

Species

File:Phlox paniculata fruit and seeds.jpg
Fruit and seeds of P. paniculata
File:Phlox triovulata.jpg
Phlox triovulata (three-seed phlox), New Mexico, US

The species in the genus include:[5] Template:Div col

  • Phlox aculeata A.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox adsurgens Torr. ex A.GrayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox albomarginata M.E.JonesScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox alyssifolia GreeneScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox amabilis BrandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox amoena SimsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox amplifolia BrittonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox andicola (Britton) E.E.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox austromontana CovilleScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox bifida L.C.BeckScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox buckleyi WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox caespitosa Nutt.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox carolina L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox caryophylla WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox cluteana A.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox colubrina Wherry & ConstanceScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox condensata (A.Gray) E.E.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox cuspidata ScheeleScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox diffusa Benth.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox dispersa Sharsm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox divaricata L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox dolichantha A.GrayScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox douglasii Hook.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox drummondii Hook.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox floridana Benth.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox glaberrima L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox glabriflora (Brand) WhitehouseScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox gladiformis (M.E.Jones) E.E.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox × glutinosa BuckleyScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox griseola WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox hendersonii (E.E.Nelson) CronquistScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox hirsuta E.E.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox hoodii RichardsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox idahonis WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox kelseyi BrittonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox longifolia Nutt.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox maculata L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox mesoleuca GreeneScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox mexicana WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox missoulensis WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox mollis WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox multiflora A.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox nana Nutt.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox nivalis G.Lodd. ex SweetScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox oklahomensis WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox opalensis DornScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox ovata L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox paniculata L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox pattersonii PratherScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox peckii WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox pilosa L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox pulchra (Wherry) WherryScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox pulvinata (Wherry) CronquistScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox pungens DornScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox × pyramidalis Sm.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox richardsonii Hook.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox rigida Benth.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox roemeriana ScheeleScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox sibirica L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox solivaga Mayfield & DarrachScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox speciosa PurshScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox stolonifera SimsScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox subulata L.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox tenuifolia E.E.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox triovulata Thurb. ex Torr.Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox variabilis BrandScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox vermejoensis B.S.LeglerScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox viridis E.E.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox viscida E.E.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
  • Phlox woodhousei (A.Gray) E.E.NelsonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

Template:Div col end

Cultivation

File:Phlox divaricata 1.jpg
Clump of woodland phlox (P. divaricata)

Several species and cultivars of phlox are commonly grown in gardens. Most cultivated phlox, with the notable exception of Phlox drummondii, are perennial. Species from alpine habitats (and cultivars derived from them) require full sun and good drainage. Those from woodland habitats (such as Phlox divaricata) require partial shade and soil rich in humus. Those from waterside habitats (such as P. paniculata) require full sun and moisture at the roots.[6] Phlox are valued in the garden for their ability to attract butterflies. Phlox are propagated from stem cuttings, clump division, and seeds.[7]

References

Template:Reflist

Further reading

External links

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Template:Taxonbar Template:Authority control

  1. ↑ "Phlox paniculata", Missouri Botanical Garden
  2. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  3. ↑ "Growing Phlox", The Farmer's Almanac
  4. ↑ "Creeping Phlox", Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named POWO_328376-2
  6. ↑ Prof. Craigmyle, M., The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Perennials, Salamander Books Ltd, 2002, p222 Template:ISBN
  7. ↑ Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
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