Fuath

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File:Colum-KOIS(Holt1916)-Pogany-illustr-p095-fua(water creature).png
A "fua" of the river grabs hold of The King of Ireland's Son.
—Illust. Willy Pogany. Colum, Padraic (1916). King of Ireland's sonScript error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".

A fuath (Template:Langx; Script error: No such module "IPA".; lit. ‘hatred'; plural:Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". fuathan; phonetic English:Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". vough, vaugh) is a class of malevolent spirits in Scottish Highland folklore and Irish Folklore especially water spirits.

In Sutherland was the so-called Moulin na Vaugha/Fouadh, ‘Mill of the Fuath', haunted by the fuath and her son, the amorphous brollachan. The mill was along a stream off Loch Migdale, and belonged to the Dempster family (Skibo Castle) estate.

A fuath once seen at this mill was a nose-less banshee with yellow hair wearing a green silk dress; in the story of its captureTemplate:Efn it was tormented into submission by use of steel (awl, and more effectively by a sewing needle), but it turned to a jellyfish-like mass when light was shone on it. A fuath on the estate farm, encountered on a different occasion, had webbed feet.

They sometimes reputedly intermarry with human beings (typically the female), whose offspring have developed a mane and tail.

Nomenclature

The term "fuath" has been explained to be a generic class of spirits inhabiting the sea, rivers, fresh water, or sea lochs,[1][2] with several "subspecies" falling under it.[3]

The Scottish Gaelic term fuath has been explained to mean 'hatred' or 'aversion', derived from Old Irish fúath 'hate, likeness'.[3] The term is also glossed to mean 'ghost' or 'spectre'.[4]

An alternative name for this class of monsters is the arrachd or fuath-arrachd.[3]

Generalization

Aquatic nature

J. F. Campbell characterized the fuath of Sutherland as a water spirit,[5] but it has been stressed by John Gregorson Campbell that the term designates a spectre or goblin more generally, not necessarily of aqueous nature or habitat.[6]

Conflated description

J. F. Campbell also conflated the traits of the fuath from different accounts in a generalized description of the fuath of SutherlandTemplate:Efn[5] and this has also fallen under criticism by Gregorson.[6]Template:Efn

Furthermore, J. F. Campbell ascribed the mane and tail to the fuath, though these traits had evidently developed in the human progeny of the Munroe family, to which there was attached a floating rumour that their ancestor had interbred with a fuath several generations back.[7]Template:Refn

While it has been generalized that the fuath of the locality wears green,[5] "golden and silken gear" was worn by the weird woman seen plunging into the River Shin was seen by a (games)keeper of the Charlotte Dempster's family.[8]

Tales

A fuath (in this instance spelled "fua") appears in the tale "The King of Ireland's Son". In it, the creature emerges from a body of water and attempts to steal the anvil of Goban Saor, a mythical craftsman. The King of Ireland's Son wrestles with the creature over the course of three nights in order to gain the favor of Goban Saor.

The story of "The Brollachan" (and several of its variant tales) from Sutherland were collected by Charlotte Dempster in 1859, and supplied to J. F. Campbell who printed it. The stories are set in locales within the Dempster family estate (otherwise known as Skibo)[9][10]Template:Refn The writer Charlotte was a relative of the Dempsters of the estate (being the granddaughter of Harriet, the illegitimate daughter of the captain).[10]

  • (1) J. F. Campbell ed. (1860) "The Brollachan" (Popular Tales II, Tale #37);[11] Charlotte Dempster ed. (1888) "The Brolachan MacVaugh"[12] (Sutherlandshire, Moulin na Gleannan "Mill of the Glenn")Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Refn
Two redactions collected from the same storyteller.Template:Efn The brollachan is the son of a fuath, as the latter title indicates.Template:Refn[13][2] The brollachan possesses eyes and mouth, but a shapeless mass of a body, and capable of speaking only two words/phrases, "Myself" and "Yourself" (mi-phrein and tu-phrein).[13][14]Template:Refn
The brollachan was lying at the mill when the "Allay na Moulin" Murray, the resident alms-receiving crippled man around the mill came and stoked the fire with peat, causing burns on him. But due to the limits of his vocabulary, the blob could not properly speak the name of the perpetrator.Template:Refn
  • (2) J. F. Campbell ed. (1860) "Moulion na Fuadh";[15] Dempster ed. (1888) "The Vaugh of Moulinna Vuagha"[13] (Sutherland, same mill as above.)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".
A man who lives in Inveran wagers he can go and capture the "kelpie" of the mill (also called the vough, vaugh) and return. He succeeds thanks to a black-muzzled dog, and binds the kelpie to a second horse. When fording the burn at the far end (south) of Loch Migdale the vough grows agitated, and the man pokes it with an awl and a sewing needle into submission. The creature declares the needle is worse. Upon arrival, when the others shine a light at it, it falls down, a shapeless jelly-like clump, which is much like the so-called "dropped stars" of the moors, strange objects like beached jellyfish.
  • (3) J. F. Campbell ed. (1860), untitled variant;[16] Dempster ed. (1888) "The Banshee, or Vaugh, or Weird Woman of the Water"[9] (Sutherland, same mill as above.)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters". Template:Efn
At the mill haunted by the brollachan, a banshee was spotted who had yellow hair like ripened wheat, wearing a fine silk green dress, but she had no nose.
  • (4) J. F. Campbell ed. (1860), untitled variant;[17] Dempster ed. (1888) "The Web-footed Kelpie"[8] (Sutherland, Dempster family sheep farm.)Script error: No such module "Check for unknown parameters".Template:Efn
The (family's) shepherd found a dirty and lamed banshee and piggybacked her, until he noticed her webbed feet, throwing her off and flinging away the plaid she lay on.

Fuath tribe members

Below are the supposed "subspecies" of the fuath class, according to certain commentators.[18]

Similar beings

Similarity or equivalence to the bean nighe or Northern Ireland's uisges have been noted.Script error: No such module "Unsubst".

Explanatory notes

Template:Notelist

References

Citations

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Bibliography

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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1". (U.S. edition)
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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1"., Vol. 1, Vol. 2)
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  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".
  • Script error: No such module "citation/CS1".; text @ Internet Archive
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Template:Refend

External links

Template:Scottish mythology Template:Fairies

  1. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mackenzie
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named briggs-fuath
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mackillop-fuath
  4. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named macleod-dict-fuath
  5. ↑ a b c Template:Harvp. He gives an amalgamated descriptions of the fuath, drawing from the main brollachan tale and variants 1.–5. He is also quoted in Template:Harvp
  6. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named campbell_jg-fuath
  7. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named campbell_jf-PTWH037.3
  8. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named dempster-3.13a-web
  9. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named dempster-3.12-banshee
  10. ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named evans
  11. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named campbell_jf-PTWH037-brollachan
  12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named dempster-3.8-brolachan
  13. ↑ a b c Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named dempster-3.7-moulinna
  14. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named briggs-brollachan
  15. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named campbell_jf-PTWH037.1
  16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named campbell_jf-PTWH037.4
  17. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named campbell_jf-PTWH037.5
  18. ↑ Template:Harvp. "Highland subspecies of the fuath include the beithir, fideal, pellaidh, and ùruisg.
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