Laterculus Veronensis

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Template:Short description Template:Italic title The Laterculus Veronensis or Verona List is a list of Roman provinces and barbarian peoples from the time of the emperors Diocletian and Constantine I, most likely from AD 314.

The list is transmitted only in a 7th-century manuscript preserved in the Chapter Library of Verona.[1] The most recent critical edition is that of Timothy Barnes (1982).Template:Sfn Earlier editions include those by Theodor Mommsen (1862),Template:Sfn Otto Seeck in his edition of the Notitia dignitatum (1876),Template:Sfn and Alexander Riese in his Geographi Latini minores (1878).Template:Sfn

Description

The document comprises a list of the names of all the provinces of the empire (c. 100 in total), organised according to the twelve newly created regional groupings called dioceses. Although the dioceses are presented in a single list, they are not ordered in a single geographical sequence but rather in two separate eastern and western groups, the eastern group (Oriens, Pontica, Asiana, Thraciae, Moesiae, Pannoniae) preceding the western (Britanniae, Galliae, Viennensis, Italiae, Hispaniae, Africa). The split is apparent from the discontinuity midway in the list between the dioceses of Pannoniae and Britanniae. The eastern half of the list circles the Mediterranean neatly anticlockwise from south to north or, in continental terms, from Africa, through Asia, to Europe. The arrangement of the western half is less tidy, though it is approximately anticlockwise from north to south, or from Europe to Africa.

The barbarian peoples listed may in some instance have lived outside of the provincial structure of the empire, but they are all clearly regarded as living within the empire. Even in the cases of those barbarians clearly living within provinces, however, the Laterculus suggests that a meaningful distinction was drawn between "civilized" and "uncivilized" areas.Template:SfnTemplate:Sfn

Date

Theodor Mommsen had dated the provincial situation in the list to 297, but later research changed the estimate to 314–324 for the Eastern Half and 303–314 for the Western Half of the Roman empire. The most recent work by Timothy Barnes and Constantin Zuckerman concludes that the entire document belongs to a single moment, c. 314, the eastern and western parts corresponding to the respective spheres of responsibility of the emperors Licinius and Constantine during the period between Licinius' defeat of Maximinus Daza in 313 and his own defeat in his first civil war with Constantine in 316–317.

Text

The text on the left is the original Latin, divided into lines beginning with capital letters. The original text uses the interpunct (·) to separate entries and is mostly unicase.[2] The text on the right is an English translation.[3]

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Latin original

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English translation

Here begins the names of all the provinces.
The diocese of the East has 18 provinces [only 17 listed]:
Libya Superior
Libya Inferior
Thebais
Aegyptus Iovia
Aegyptus Herculea
Arabia Nova
Arabia
Augusta Libanensis
Syria Palaestina
Phoenice
Syria Coele
Augusta Euphratensis
Cilicia
Isauria
Cyprus
Mesopotamia
Osroene
The diocese of Pontus has 7 provinces:
Bithynia
Cappadocia
Galatia
Paphlagonia, now [after 384] divided in two
Diospontus
Pontus Polemoniacus
Armenia Minor, now [after 381] with Armenia Major added
The diocese of Asia has 9 provinces:
Lycia et Pamphylia
Phrygia Prima
Phrygia Secunda
Asia
Lydia
Caria
the Islands
Pisidia
Hellespontus
The diocese of Thrace has 6 provinces:
Europa
Rhodope
Thracia
Haemimontus
Scythia
Moesia Inferior
The diocese of the Moesias has 11 provinces:
Dacia and Dacia Ripensis
Moesia Superior
Dardania
Macedonia
Thessalia
Achaea
Praevalitana
Epirus Nova
Epirus Vetus
Creta
The diocese of the Pannonias has 7 provinces:
Pannonia Inferior
Savensis
Dalmatia
Valeria
Pannonia Superior
Noricum Ripense
Noricum Mediterraneum
The diocese of the Britains has 6 provinces [only 4 listed]:
Britannia Prima
Britannia Secunda
Maxima Caesariensis
Flavia Caesariensis
The diocese of the Gauls has 8 provinces:
Belgica Prima
Belgica Secunda
Germania Prima
Germania Secunda
Sequania
Lugdunensis Prima
Lugdunensis Secunda
Alpes Graiae et Poeninae
The diocese of Viennensis has 7 provinces:
Viennensis
Narbonensis Prima
Narbonensis Secunda
Novem Populi
Aquitanica Prima
Aquitanica Secunda
Alpes Maritimae
The Italian diocese has 16 provinces [only 8 listed]:[4]
Venetia et Histria
Flaminia et Picenum
Tuscia et Umbria
Apulia et Calabria
Lucania et Bruttii
Corsica
Alpes Cottiae
Raetia
The diocese of the Spains has 6 provinces:
Baetica
Lusitania
Carthaginiensis
Gallaecia
Tarraconensis
Mauretania Tingitana
The diocese of Africa has 7 provinces:
Africa Proconsularis
Valeria Byzacena
Tripolitana
Numidia Cirtensis
Numidia Militiana
Mauretania Caesariensis
Mauretania Sitifensis[5]
A happy age.
Barbarian peoples who grew under the dominion of the emperors:[6]
Scoti
Picti
Caledonii
Rugii
Heruli
Saxones
Chamavi
?Frisiavi
Amsivarii
Angrivarii
?[7]
Bructeri
Chatti
Burgundiones
Alamanni
Suebi
Franci
Chattuarii
Iuthungi
Armilausini
Marcomanni
Quadi
Taifali
Hermunduri
Vandali
Sarmatae
Sciri
Carpi
Scythae
Gothi
?Venedi[8]
Armenii
Osrhoeni
Palmyreni
?[9]
Marmeridae
?Nabataeans[10]
Isauri
Phryges
Persae
The peoples that are in Mauretania:[11]
Quinquegentiani
Mazices
Barbares
Bacuates
Celtiberi
?Astures/?Turdetani
Ausetani
Carpetani
Cantabri
Edetani
The names of cities that are across the river Rhine:
[city] of the Usipetes
[city] of the Tubantes
[city] of the ?Tencteri[12]
[city] of the ?Novantae[13]
[city] of the Chasuarii
All these cities across the Rhine were received into the rule of Belgica Prima. Across from the fortress of Mogontiacum, the Romans possessed 80 leagues beyond the Rhine. These cities were occupied by barbarians under the emperor Gallienus.[14] One league has one thousand five hundred paces [i.e., 1.5 Roman miles]. Explicit.

Notes

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References

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Template:Ancient Rome topics

  1. ↑ Verona, Biblioteca Capitolare, MS II (2), at fol. 255 recto, line 14-fol. 256 recto, line 19; E. A. Lowe, Codices Latini Antiquiores 4 (Oxford, 1947), p. 21, No 477
  2. ↑ The text is drawn from Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., with punctuation removed and the spelling of provincial names corrected to better reflect the idiosyncrasies and errors of the original manuscript based on Script error: No such module "Footnotes"..
  3. ↑ The provincial names are from Script error: No such module "Footnotes".; except where noted, those of the barbarian peoples and cities from Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., relying on Karl Müllenhoff.
  4. ↑ The discrepancy between the promised 16 and the listed 8 is the largest in the existing copy of the Laterculus. Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., lists a further four Italian provinces that were probably in existence at the time of the document but are not listed: Aemilia et Liguria, Campania, Sicilia and Sardinia.
  5. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., suggests Mauretania Tubusuctitana as a possible alternative name of the province.
  6. ↑ The translation of this line is from Script error: No such module "Footnotes".. Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., translates Script error: No such module "Lang". as "have spread".
  7. ↑ Müllenhoff suggested a people named for the river Flevum (Latin Fleuus fluuius).
  8. ↑ It is unlikely that Indii refers to Indians. It was corrected to Vinidi by Müllenhoff, while Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., suggests Iudaei (Jews).
  9. ↑ The name is corrupted. Müllenhoff suggested it should read Bosoritae; Riese suggested Bostritae. See Kroll 1933 and Script error: No such module "Footnotes"..
  10. ↑ According to Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., Riese suggested reading Theui as a corruption of Nabathei.
  11. ↑ The translation of this line is from Script error: No such module "Footnotes"..
  12. ↑ Script error: No such module "Footnotes"., emends it to Nicirenses and takes it to mean "people of the Neckar".
  13. ↑ This emendation is suggested by Script error: No such module "Footnotes"..
  14. ↑ The translation of this sentence is from Script error: No such module "Footnotes"..
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